1. He pōpō A he 200-kalama ke kaumaha, e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 10 m/s e kuʻi ana i kahi pōpō B he 200-kalama ke kaumaha. He aha ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A a me ka pōpō B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana?
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nuipa o ka pōpō A (m A ) = 200 grams = 0.2 kg
Ka nuipa o ka pōpō B (m B ) = 200 grams = 0.2 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = 10 m/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 0
Makemake ʻia: ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A (v A ') a me ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō B (v B ') ma hope o kahi kuʻi ʻana
Lōlā:
v A ' = v B = 0
v B ' = v A = 10 m/s
ʻAʻole maopopo
2. Hoʻokokoke nā mea ʻelua like ke kaumaha kekahi i kekahi, kuʻi a laila lele. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana he 8 m/s a ʻo ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana he 12 m/s. He aha ka nui a me ke kuhikuhi o ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha A a me ke kaumaha B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana!
ʻIke ʻia:
Nuipaʻa A (m A ) = m
Nuipaʻa B (m B ) = m
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = -8 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 12 m/s
Hōʻike nā hōʻailona hoʻohui a me ka hoʻēmi e neʻe ana nā mea i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
Makemake ʻia: ka nui a me ke kuhikuhi o ka wikiwiki o ka nuipa A (v A ') a me ka nuipa B (v B ') ma hope o kahi kuʻi ʻana
Lōlā:
I loko o kahi kuʻi elastic kūpono, inā like ke kaumaha o nā mea a laila ʻo ka wikiwiki o A ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ') = ka wikiwiki o B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) a ʻo ka wikiwiki o B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ') = ka wikiwiki o A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ).
Inā ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana, neʻe ʻo A i ka ʻākau a neʻe ʻo B i ka hema, a laila, ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, neʻe ʻo A i ka hema a neʻe ʻo B i ka ʻākau.
Ua like ke kaumaha o nā mea a ua elastic pono ke kuʻi ʻana no laila ua hoʻololi nā mea ʻelua i ka wikiwiki.
v A ' = -v B = -12 m/s
v B ' = v A = 8 m/s
Hōʻike nā hōʻailona hoʻohui a me ka hoʻēmi e neʻe ana nā mea i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole maopopo
3. ʻO kahi mea 2-kg, ʻo A, e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 10 m/s e kuʻi ana i kahi pōpō 4-kg, ʻo B, e neʻe ana ma ka wikiwiki o 20 m/s. Inā he elastic kūpono ke kuʻi ʻana, he aha ka wikiwiki o ka mea A a me ka mea B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana?
ʻIke ʻia:
Nuipaʻa A (m A ) = 2 kg
Nuipaʻa B (m B ) = 4 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = 10 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 20 m/s
Makemake ʻia : ka wikiwiki o ka mea A (v A ') a me ka wikiwiki o ka mea B (v B ') ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana
Hoʻonā :
I ke kuʻi elastic kūpono , inā like ka nuipa o nā mea a hoʻokokoke kekahi i kekahi, ua helu ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka mea ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻano hana:
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana:
ʻAʻole maopopo
4. Hoʻokuʻi kahi 100-gram e neʻe ana ma 20 m/s i kahi kuʻi elastic kūpono o ka paia. He aha ka nui a me ke kuhikuhi o ka wikiwiki o ka mea ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana.
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nuipa (m A ) = 100 grams = 0.1 kg
Ka nuipa o ka pā (m B ) = palena ʻole
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kaumaha ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = 20 m/s
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka nuipa ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 0
Makemake ʻia : ka nui a me ke kuhikuhi o ka wikiwiki ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana
Lōlā:
Inā ʻo v B = 0, he mea liʻiliʻi loa ʻo m A a he mea nui loa ʻo m 2 a laila ʻo v A ' = -v A a ʻo v 2 ' = 0.
Hōʻike nā hōʻailona hoʻohui a me ka hoʻēmi e neʻe ana nā mea i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
5. ʻElua mau pōpō, ʻo A me ke kaumaha o 2-kg a me ka pōpō B me ke kaumaha o 5-kg, ma mua a ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei. Inā he elastic kūpono ke kuʻi ʻana, he aha ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana?
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nui o ka pōpō A (mA) = 2 kg
Ka nuipa o ka pōpō B (m B ) = 5 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 2 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ') = 5 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ') = 4 m/s
Ke neʻe nei nā pōpō ʻelua i ka ʻākau no laila ua hōʻailona ʻia ko lāua wikiwiki he maikaʻi.
Makemake ʻia: Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A )
Lōlā:
mA vA +mB vB = mA vA' + mB vB'
2(v A ) + (5)(2) = (2)(5) + (5)(4)
2(v A ) + 10 = 10 + 20
2(v A ) + 10 = 30
2(v A ) = 30 – 10
2(v A ) = 20
v A = 20/2
v A = 10 m/s
ʻAʻole maopopo
6. Hele nā mea A a me B ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mokulele ʻākea, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei. Inā he elastic kūpono ke kuʻi ʻana a ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka mea B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana he 15 m/s1 , he aha ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana.
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nui o ka mea A (mA) = 5 kg
Ka nuipa o ka mea B (m B ) = 2 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = 12 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = 10 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea B ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ') = 15 m/s
Neʻe nā mea ʻelua, ma mua a ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, i ka ʻākau no laila ua hōʻailona ko lākou wikiwiki i ka maikaʻi.
Makemake ʻia: Ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ')
Lōlā:
mA vA +mB vB = mA vA' + mB vB'
(5)(12) + (2)(10) = (5)v A ' + (2)(15)
60 + 20 = (5)v A ' + 30
80 = (5)v A ' + 30
80 – 30 = (5)v A '
50 = (5)v A '
v A ' = 50/5
v A ' = 10 m/s
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- Nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā o ka momentum linear
- Nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā o ka momentum a me ka impulse
- Nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā o nā kuʻi elastic kūpono i hoʻokahi ana
- Nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā no nā kuʻi ʻana inelastic kūpono i hoʻokahi ana
- Nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā no nā collisions inelastic i hoʻokahi ana
