Nā kaapuni uila - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

Nā kaapuni uila - nā pilikia a me nā hoʻonā

1. R ₁ , = 6 Ω, R ₂ = R ₃ = 2 Ω, a me ka voltage = 14 volts, e hoʻoholo i ke au uila i loko o ke kaapuni e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei.

ʻIke ʻia:

Palekana 1 (R ₁ ) = 6 Ω

Kū'ē 2 (R ₂ ) = 2 Ω

Kū'ē 3 (R ₃ ) = 2 Ω

Uila uila (V) = 14 Volt

Makemake ʻia: Au uila (I)

Lōlā:

Pale kū'ē like (R):

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/2 + 1/2 = 2/2

R ₂₃ = 2/2 = 1 Ω

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ a me R _{23 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃ = 6 Ω + 1 Ω

R = 7 Ω

Au uila (I):

ʻO I = V / R = 14 / 7 = 2 Amperes

2. ʻO wai o nā kaapuni uila e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei nona ke au nui aʻe.

Lōlā:

ʻO ke kūpaʻa o ka resistor ʻo R a ʻo ka voltage uila ʻo V.

Pane A.

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ , R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

RA ₌ R1 ₊ R2 + R3 ₌ R + R + R = _3R

Au uila (I):

Pane B.

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ , R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/R + 1/R + 1/R = 3/R

R _B = R/3

Au uila (I):

Pane C.

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/R + 1/R = 2/R

R ₂₃ = R/2

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ a me R _{23 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

RC ₌ R ₁ + R ₂₃ = R + R/2 = 2R/2 + R/2 = 3R/2

Au uila (I):

Pane D.

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ a me R _{2 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₁₂ = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ = 1/R + 1/R = 2/R

R ₁₂ = R/2

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R _D = R ₁₂ + R ₃ = R/2 + R = R/2 + 2R/2 = 3R/2

Au uila (I):

3. R _{​​​​1} = 4 ohms, R ₂ = 6 ohms, R ₃ = 2 ohms, a me V = 24 volts. He aha ke au uila i loko o ke kaapuni e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei.

ʻIke ʻia:

Palekana 1 (R ₁ ) = 4 Ohm

Palekana 2 (R ₂ ) = 6 Ohm

Palekana 3 (R ₃ ) = 2 Ohm

Uila uila (V) = 24 Volt

Makemake ʻia: Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni

Lōlā:

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ , R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R = R1 ₊ R2 ₊ R3 ₌ 4 + 6 + 2

R = 12 Ohm

Au uila:

ʻO I = V / R = 24 / 12 = 2 Amperes

4. ʻO wai o nā kaapuni uila e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei nona ke au nui aʻe.

pāʻoihana

Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni A.

ʻO ke kū'ē like:

R ₁ = 3 Ω, R ₂ = 4 Ω, R ₃ = 4 Ω, V = 12 Volts

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/4 + 1/4 = 2/4 = 1/2

R ₂₃ = 2/1 = 2 Ω

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ a me R _{23 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃ = 3 Ω + 2 Ω = 5 Ω

Au uila (I):

ʻO I = V / R = 12 / 5 = 2.4 Amperes

Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni B.

ʻO ke kū'ē like:

R ₁ = 8 Ω, R ₂ = 2 Ω, R ₃ = 2 Ω, V = 36 Volts

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ , R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R = R1 ₊ R2 ₊ R3 ₌ 8 + 2 + 2 = 12 Ω

Au uila (I):

ʻO I = V / R = 36 / 12 = 3 Amperes

Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni C.

ʻO ke kū'ē like:

R ₁ = 4 Ω, R ₂ = 4 Ω, R ₃ = 6 Ω, V = 12 Volts

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₂ a me R _{3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₂₃ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/6 = 3/12 + 3/12 + 2/12 = 8/12

R ₂₃ = 12/8 = 1.5 Ω

Au uila (I):

ʻO I = V / R = 12 / 1.5 = 8 Amperes

Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni D.

ʻO ke kū'ē like:

R ₁ = 3 Ω, R ₂ = 3 Ω, R ₃ = 3 Ω, R ₄ = 3 Ω, R ₅ = 6 Ω, V = 24 Volts

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₂ , R ₃ a me R _{4 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

1/R ₂₃₄ = 1/R ₂ + 1/R ₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/3 + 1/3 + 1/3 = 3/3

R ₂₃₄ = 3/3 = 1 Ω

Ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻo R ₁ , R ₂₃₄ a me R ₅ ma ke ʻano he moʻo. ʻO ke kū'ē like:

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃₄ + R ₅ = 3 + 1 + 6 = 9 Ω

Au uila (I):

ʻO I = V / R = 24 / 9 = 2.6 Amperes

5. E like me ke kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei, e hoʻoholo:

A. Ke kū'ē piha

B. Au uila ma ke kaapuni

C. Manawa I ₁

D. Manawa I ₂

ʻIke ʻia:

Kū'ē 1 (R ₁ ) = 4 Ω

Kū'ē 2 (R ₂ ) = 4 Ω

Kū'ē 3 (R ₃ ) = 2 Ω

Kū'ē 4 (R ₄ ) = 3 Ω

Ka uila uila (V) = 12 Volts

Lōlā:

A. Ke kū'ē holoʻokoʻa (R)

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūʻē R ₂ a me ke kūʻē R _{3 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kūʻē like:}

R ₂₃ = R ₂ + R ₃ = 4 Ω + 2 Ω = 6 Ω

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūʻē R ₂₃ a me ke kūʻē R _{4 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kūʻē like:}

1/R ₂₃₄ = 1/R ₂₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/6 + 1/3 = 1/6 + 2/6 = 3/6

R ₂₃₄ = 6/3 = 2 Ω

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūʻē R ₁ a me ke kūʻē R _{234 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kūʻē like:}

R = R ₁ + R ₂₃₄ = 4 Ω + 2 Ω = 6 Ω

ʻO ka huina o ke kū'ē ʻana he 6 Ohms.

B. Ke au uila ma ke kaapuni (I)

V = IR

V = uila uila, I = au uila, R = kū'ē uila

Au uila:

ʻO I = V / R = 12 Volts / 6 Ohms = 2 Amps

C. Au uila I ₁

Au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₁ = au uila i loko o ke kaapuni = 2 Amperes.

D. Manawa I ₂

Pale R₂₃ a me ke kū'ē R₄ ua pili like ʻia. ʻO ke kū'ē like R₂₃₄ = 2 Ohms.

Au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂₃₄ = au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₁ = 2 Ampere.

ʻO ke ana uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂₃₄ :

V = IR ₂₃₄ = (2 A)(2 Ohm) = 4 Volts

ʻO ke anakahi uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂₃₄ = ke anakahi uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₄ = ke anakahi uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂₃ = 4 Volts.

ʻO ke kū'ē like R ₂₃ he 6 Ohm.

ʻO ke au uila i loko o ke resistor R ₂₃ :

ʻO I = V / R = 4 Volts / 6 Ohms = 2/3 Ampere

Au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂₃ = Au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₂ = au uila i loko o ke kū'ē R ₃ = 2/3 Ampere.

6. R ₁ = R ₂ = 10 Ω a me R ₃ = R ₄ = 8 Ω. He aha ke au uila i loko o ke kaapuni e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei?

ʻIke ʻia:

Palekana R ₁ = Palekana R ₂ = 10 Ω

Palekana R ₃ = Palekana R ₄ = 8 Ω

Ka uila uila (V) = 12 Volts

Makemake ʻia: au uila (I)

Lōlā:

ʻO ke kū'ē like

Ua hoʻopili like ʻia ke kūʻē R ₃ a me ke kūʻē R _{4 , ʻo ke kūʻē like:}

1/R ₃₄ = 1/R ₃ + 1/R ₄ = 1/8 + 1/8 = 2/8

R ₃₄ = 8/2 = 4 Ω

Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā resistors R ₁ , R ₂ a me R ₃₄ ma ke ʻano series, ʻo ke resistor like:

R = R ₁ + R ₂ + R ₃₄ = 10 Ω + 10 Ω + 4 Ω = 24 Ω

Au uila:

ʻO I = V / R = 12 Volts / 24 Ohms = 0,5 Volts/Ohms = 0.5 Amps

7. Inā hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ke kū'ē kūloko o ka pila, he aha ke au uila i loko o ke kaapuni i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo.

ʻIke ʻia:

Palekana R ₁ = 3 Ohm

Palekana R ₂ = 3 Ohm

Palekana R ₃ = 6 Ohm

Ka uila uila (V) = 6 Volts

Makemake ʻia: Au uila (I)

Lōlā:

Pale kū'ē like

Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea pale R ₁ a me R _{2 ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R ₁₂ = R ₁ + R ₂ = 3 Ohms + 3 Ohms = 6 Ohms

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūʻē R _{12 a me ke kūʻē 3 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kūʻē like:}

1/R = 1/R ₁₂ + 1/R ₃ = 1/6 + 1/6 = 2/6

R = 6/2 = 3 Ohms

Au uila:

ʻO I = V / R = 6 / 3 = 2 Amperes

8. He aha ka huina o ke au uila i loko o ke kaapuni e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei.

ʻIke ʻia:

Palekana R ₁ = 6 Ohm

Palekana R ₂ = 4 Ohm

Au uila (V) = 6 Volt

Ke kū'ē kūloko (r) = 0.6 Ohms

Makemake ʻia: Au uila

Lōlā:

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kūʻē R ₁ a me ke kūʻē R _{2 ma ke ʻano like. ʻO ke kūʻē like:}

1/R _P = 1/R ₁ + 1/R ₂ = 1/6 + 1/4 = 4/24 + 6/24 = 10/24

R _P = 24/10 = 2.4 Ohm

Hoʻopili ʻia ke kū'ē R _{P a me ke kū'ē kūloko (r) ma ke ʻano series. ʻO ke kū'ē like:}

R = R _P + r = 2.4 Ohm + 0.6 Ohm = 3.0 Ohm

Ka au uila ma ke kaapuni:

ʻO I = V / R = 6 Volts / 3 Ohms = 2 Amps

1. He aha ke kaapuni uila?
   • paneHe ala pani a loop paha kahi e hiki ai i ke au uila ke kahe mau. ʻO ka maʻamau, aia nā kumu uila (e like me nā pila), nā ukana (e like me nā resistors, LEDs, motors), a me nā alakaʻi e hoʻohui iā lākou.
2. He aha ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i kahi kaapuni series mai kahi kaapuni parallel?
   • paneMa kahi kaapuni moʻo, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana mai ka hopena a i ka hopena, no laila aia hoʻokahi ala no ke au. Ma kahi kaapuni like, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana ma nā wahi like a i ʻole nā ​​​​hui, e hāʻawi ana i nā ala he nui no ke au.
3. Pehea e pili ai ke kānāwai o Ohm i ke voltage, ke au, a me ke kū'ē i loko o kahi kaapuni?
   • pane: Ke ʻōlelo nei ke kānāwai o Ohm ʻo ke au ($I$) ke kahe ʻana ma o kahi alakaʻi ma waena o nā wahi ʻelua e pili pono ana i ka voltage ($V$) ma nā kiko ʻelua a kūlike me ke kū'ē ($R$). Ua hōʻike ʻia e like me I=V/R​.
4. He aha ke kuleana o ke kuapo i loko o kahi kaapuni uila?
   • paneHoʻokele kahi kuapo i ke kahe o ke au i loko o kahi kaapuni. Ke pani ʻia, ʻae ia i ke au e kahe; ke wehe ʻia, hoʻopau a hoʻōki paha ia i ke kahe o ke au.
5. No ke aha i manaʻo ʻia ai he mea weliweli ka pōkole?
   • paneI loko o kahi kaapuni pōkole, haʻahaʻa loa ke kū'ē, e kahe ana ke au kiʻekiʻe loa. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka wela nui, nā ahi, a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻāpana a pono e pale ʻia me nā fuses a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea haki kaapuni.
6. He aha ka hana a ka fuse a i ʻole ka mea haki kaapuni i loko o kahi kaapuni?
   • paneʻO nā fuse a me nā mea haki kaapuni he mau mea pale i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻopau i kahi kaapuni inā ʻoi aku ke au ma mua o kahi pae palekana i hoʻoholo mua ʻia. ʻOiai ʻo nā fuse "puhi" a "heʻe" paha, e uhaʻi ana i ke kaapuni, "holo" nā mea haki kaapuni, a hiki ke hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia ma hope o ko lākou hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaapuni.
7. Pehea e wehewehe ai ke Kānāwai o Kirchhoff (KCL) i nā au ma kahi hui ʻana o kahi kaapuni?
   • paneʻŌlelo ke Kānāwai o Kirchhoff ʻo ka huina o nā au e komo ana i kahi hui ʻana ua like ia me ka huina o nā au e haʻalele ana i kēlā hui. He ʻōlelo kēia no ka mālama ʻana i ka uku uila.
8. He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o AC (Alternating Current) a me DC (Direct Current)?
   • paneʻO DC ke kahe ʻana o ka uila i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, maʻamau mai kahi pila a i ʻole kahi lako mana DC. ʻO AC, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he uku uila e hoʻololi i ke kuhikuhi i kēlā me kēia manawa, e like me ka mea i hoʻolako ʻia mai ka pūnaewele mana ma nā ʻāina he nui.
9. He aha ka manaʻo o ka huaʻōlelo "honua" ma nā kaapuni uila?
   • paneʻO "Ground" e pili ana i kahi kiko kuhikuhi i loko o kahi kaapuni uila kahi e ana ʻia ai nā voltages ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole kahi ala hoʻi maʻamau no ke au uila, a i ʻole kahi pilina kino pololei i ka Honua.
10. No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai nā capacitors i nā kaapuni uila?

• paneMālama a hoʻokuʻu nā Capacitors i ka ikehu uila. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā kaapuni no nā kumu like ʻole, e like me ke kānana ʻana, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā loli voltage, ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā hōʻailona AC, a me nā mea manawa i loko o nā oscillator.