Nā Hoʻohana o nā Pūhui Inorganic
ʻO nā hui inorganic he mau mea kemika ʻaʻohe ona kaulahao kalapona-haikokene e hōʻike ana i nā hui organik. Hoʻopuni lākou i kahi ākea o nā ʻano, me nā minelala, nā metala, a me nā paʻakai. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola kanaka mai ka wā kahiko, mai nā pono o kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i nā noi i ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana holomua. E ʻimi kēia ʻatikala i nā hoʻohana nui o nā hui inorganic ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola.
1. Nā noi ma ka ʻoihana
a. Ka Hana ʻana i nā Mea Metala a me ka Metallurgy
ʻO ka ʻoihana hana metala kekahi ʻāpana e hilinaʻi nui nei i nā hui inorganic. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau hui i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a me ke kālai ʻana i nā metala.
Eia kekahi laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻokikene hao i ka hana kila. ʻO ke kaʻina hana umu pahū e pili ana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻokikene hao me ke kalapona, e hana ana i ka hao heheʻe a laila hana ʻia i kila. Eia kekahi, ʻo alumina (Al2O3) ka mea maka mua i ka hana alumini ma o ke kaʻina hana electrolysis Hall-Héroult .
b. Nā mea hoʻouluulu i nā hopena kemika
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā pūhui inorganic ma ke ʻano he catalysts i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. kemika ʻoihanaHoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻouluulu metala e like me ka platinum i ke kaʻina hana Catalytic Reforming e hana i ka gasoline octane kiʻekiʻe mai ka petroleum. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻouluulu metala hoʻololi ʻē aʻe e like me ka vanadium (V2O5) i loko kaʻina hana hoʻopili e hana i ka waikawa sulfuric, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kemika ʻoihana koʻikoʻi loa.
2. Nā noi ma ke olakino a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
a. Paʻakai Inorganic ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic he nui ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻohui mineral e pono ai no ke olakino kanaka. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka calcium carbonate i nā mea hoʻohui calcium e kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā iwi a me nā niho. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Magnesium sulfate, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ka paʻakai Epsom, e mālama i ka hemahema magnesium a he mau noi nō hoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻili.
b. Nā Mea Hoʻohālikelike i ke Kiʻi Lapaʻau
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic e like me ka barium sulfate ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻohālikelike i nā kaʻina hana kiʻi lapaʻau e like me nā X-ray a me nā CT scan. Kōkua kēia mau hui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o nā kiʻi i loaʻa, e ʻae ana i nā kauka e ʻike maopopo i ke ʻano a me ka hana o nā ʻōpū o loko.
c. Antibacterial a me Antifungal
Loaʻa i kekahi mau hui inorganic nā waiwai antibacterial a me antifungal ikaika. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka nitrate kālā ma ke ʻano he mea antimicrobial i ka mālama ʻana i nā kuni a me nā ʻōpū. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hui i nā lole lapaʻau e pale aku i nā maʻi bacteria.
3. Nā noi ma ka mahiʻai
a. Mea hoʻomomona
He mea nui nā hui inorganic i ka mahiʻai e like me nā mea hoʻouluulu. ʻO ka Nitrate, phosphate, a me ka potassium nā meaʻai koʻikoʻi e pono ai nā mea kanu no ka ulu olakino. ʻO nā mea hoʻouluulu inorganic e like me ka ammonium nitrate a me ka potassium chloride e hāʻawi i kahi kumu meaʻai e omo koke ʻia e nā mea kanu, no laila e hoʻonui ana i nā hua mahiʻai.
b. Ka pale ʻana i nā mea ʻino
Hoʻohana pū ʻia nā hui inorganic i nā pesticides e kāohi i nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi mea kanu. ʻO kekahi laʻana, ʻo ia ke keleawe sulfate, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he fungicide e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka fungal ma nā mea kanu. Kōkua kēia hui i ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu mai ka maʻi a hoʻonui i ka huahana.
4. Nā noi i nā mea hana
a. Aniani a me nā Pālolo
Nā hui inorganic e like me ka silicon ʻO ka Silicon dioxide (SiO2) kahi mea nui i ka hana ʻana i ke aniani a me nā keramika. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke one silica, nona ka silicon dioxide, e hana i nā ʻano aniani like ʻole, me nā pane puka makani, nā ʻōmole, a me nā aniani maka.
b. Sima a me ka Sima
I loko o ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale, ʻo nā hui inorganic e like me ka calcium oxide a me ka calcium hydroxide nā mea nui i loko o ka sima a me ka sima. Hoʻopuka ka hopena hydration o ka sima i kahi paʻi paʻakikī a paʻa, ka mea e hana ai i ke kuamoʻo o nā hale.
c. Nā Pigments a me nā Pena
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā pigments inorganic i ka hana pena. ʻO Titanium dioxide kekahi o nā pigments keʻokeʻo maʻamau a hoʻohana ʻia i nā pena, nā plastics, a me ka pepa e hāʻawi i ka opacity a me ka ʻōlinolino. ʻO nā pigments inorganic ʻē aʻe, e like me ka cobalt aluminate, hāʻawi i nā uliuli ʻōlinolino a hoʻohana ʻia i nā hana kiʻi a me nā ʻoihana.
5. Nā Noi ʻenehana a me ka Ikehu
a. Nā mea uila a me nā semiconductors
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā hui inorganic i ka ʻenehana uila. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka silicon ma ke ʻano o ka silicon dioxide ka mea semiconductor mua i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā microprocessors a me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia nā hui e like me ka gallium arsenide a me ka indium phosphide i nā ʻenehana kamaʻilio e like me nā diodes laser a me nā LED.
b. Nā Pila a me ka Mālama Ikehu
He mea hana ka pila e mālama i ka ikehu kemika a hoʻokuʻu iā ia ma ke ʻano he uila. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka nui o nā pila hou i nā hui inorganic. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka lithium cobalt oxide i nā pila lithium-ion, kahi mea kaulana no kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā kelepona akamai, nā kamepiula lawe lima, a me nā kaʻa uila.
c. Nā Kelepona Lā
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic i nā ʻenehana ikehu hou e like me nā cell solar. ʻO ka silicon crystalline ka mea nui i ka hapa nui o nā cell solar photovoltaic. Eia kekahi, ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi ʻana i nā cell solar inorganic perovskite, e hoʻohiki ana i ka pono kiʻekiʻe ma nā kumukūʻai hana haʻahaʻa.
6. Nā Hoʻohana ma ke Kaiapuni
a. Ka Hoʻōla Wai
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai e inu ai a no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ka alumini sulfate, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he alum, i ke kaʻina hana coagulation e wehe i nā ʻāpana colloidal mai ka wai. He mau hui pū ʻo Chlorine a me ka ozone He mea hoʻoheheʻe ikaika i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai a pepehi i nā pathogens.
b. Hoʻoponopono Kaiapuni
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hui inorganic i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kaiapuni e hoʻoponopono i ka haumia. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo zeolite, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopili i nā metala kaumaha mai ka lepo a me ka wai i haumia. Hana kēia mau hui ma ke ʻano he adsorbents maikaʻi, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaiapuni mai nā mea haumia ʻino.
Ka hopena
He nui nā ʻano hoʻohana o nā hui inorganic a he mea nui ia no ke ola kanaka o kēia au. Mai ka ʻoihana a me ke olakino a hiki i ka mahiʻai a me nā mea hana hale, ʻenehana, a me ke kaiapuni, ʻo kēia mau hui ke kumu o nā kaʻina hana a me nā huahana koʻikoʻi he nui. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo hou ʻana i nā waiwai a me nā noi o nā hui inorganic e alakaʻi maoli i nā hana hou a me nā hoʻomohala i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻonui hou ana i ke ʻano o ke ola kanaka. Me ka holomua o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hiki o nā hui inorganic e wehe paha i nā noi hou aʻe i manaʻo ʻole ʻia ma mua.
