Juriyar Ƙarfin lantarki (EMF) na Kayan Aiki a cikin ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarshe
Wutar lantarki tana gudana a cikin da'ira mai rufewa, daga babban ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ke motsawa ta cikin wani ɓangare na juriyar lantarki , akwai raguwar kuzarin lantarki saboda ana amfani da makamashin lantarki a cikin juriya. Don tabbatar da cewa wutar lantarki ta ci gaba da gudana daga babban ƙarfin lantarki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki, dole ne a sami na'ura don ƙara ƙarfin lantarki, kamar ƙarfin lantarki (EMF), ko kuma daidai, tushen ƙarfin lantarki. EMF ko tushen ƙarfin lantarki wani ɓangare ne wanda ke canza wani nau'in makamashi zuwa makamashin lantarki, misali baturi, mai tarawa, tantanin rana, ko janareta na lantarki.
Tushen ƙarfin lantarki (emf)
Hoton da ke gefe misali ne mai sauƙi na da'irar rufewa wacce ke da emf (ε) da juriya (R). Dogon layin tsaye akan tushen emf yana wakiltar babban ƙarfin aiki yayin da gajeren layin tsaye yana wakiltar ƙarancin ƙarfin aiki. Cajin wutar lantarki yana motsawa daga babban ƙarfin aiki zuwa ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki. Cajin wutar lantarki wanda ke motsawa a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci ana kiransa wutar lantarki, inda kibiya ke nuna alkiblar wutar lantarki.
Idan akwai babban ƙarfin lantarki, caji yana da ƙarfin lantarki. Ƙarfin lantarki yana raguwa yayin da cajin ke motsawa ta cikin resistor. Lokacin da cajin ke motsawa a cikin tushen emf daga ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa babban ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin lantarki yana ƙaruwa.
Matsaloli a cikin
Lokacin da cajin lantarki ke motsawa a cikin tushen emf daga ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa babban ƙarfin lantarki, cajin yana fuskantar juriya. Tushen wutar lantarki na gaske yawanci suna da cikas na ciki, wanda aka bayyana ta alamar r. Lokacin da cajin lantarki ke gudana ta ciki cikas na ciki (r), akwai raguwar ƙarfin aiki ko kuma raguwar ƙarfin lantarki.
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe
Voltage na ƙarshe (V) ko ƙarfin mannewa shine ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi wanda tushen ƙarfin lantarki ko tushen emf ke samarwa. A lissafi, ana bayyana shi ta hanyar lissafi:
V = ε – I r
Bayani:
V = Ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ε = emf, I = wutar lantarki, r = juriya ta ciki.
Idan batirin Volt 12 yana da juriya ta ciki na 0,2 Ω to idan wutar lantarki ta 2 A tana gudana daga batirin, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na ƙarshe shine 12 – (0,2)(2) = 12 – 0,4 = 11,6 Volts.
Idan babu wutar lantarki da ke gudana daga batirin, ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarshe = emf. Misali, idan emf = volts 12, to wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe = volts 12. Idan akwai wutar lantarki da ke gudana daga tushen emf, wutar lantarki ta ƙarshe ta ƙasa da emf.
EMF shine ƙarfin lantarki da aka lissafa, misali, akan baturi, yayin da ƙarfin matsewa shine ainihin ƙarfin lantarki ko ainihin bambancin yuwuwar, inda ƙimar ke tasiri ta hanyar kwararar wutar lantarki a cikin batirin.
