Izinzuzo Zokuzivocavoca Kwesistimu Yokuphefumula
Umzimba womuntu ungumshini oyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela emangalisayo, onesistimu ngayinye exhumene kakhulu futhi ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo iyonke. Enye yezinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu uhlelo lokuphefumula, olunesibopho sokushintshana komoya-mpilo kanye ne-carbon dioxide, okubalulekile ekusindeni. Izinzuzo zokuzivocavoca empilweni yenhliziyo, amandla emisipha, kanye nenhlalakahle yengqondo zibhalwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, umthelela omuhle wokuzivocavoca njalo ohlelweni lokuphefumula uvame ukunganakwa. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izindlela ezahlukene ukuzivocavoca okuthuthukisa ngazo ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza kahle kohlelo lokuphefumula, ekugcineni kube negalelo empilweni engcono kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
Amandla Nokusebenza Kahle Kwamaphaphu Okuthuthukisiwe
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuzivocavoca ohlelweni lokuphefumula ukwanda kwamandla amaphaphu. Amandla amaphaphu abhekisela enanini eliphezulu lomoya elingabanjwa yiphaphu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba, isidingo somzimba somoya-mpilo siyanda, okwenza amaphaphu akhule futhi asebenze kahle ukuze ahlangabezane nalesi sidingo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kwelula nokuqinisa amaphaphu njalo kungandisa amandla awo kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Umthamo ophezulu wamaphaphu uvumela ukuthi kuthathwe umoya-mpilo omningi ngokuphefumula ngakunye, ngaleyo ndlela kwenza inqubo yokuphefumula isebenze kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kubalulekile kubadlali abadinga umoya-mpilo oqhubekayo ukuze baqhubeke nomsebenzi womzimba oqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo othuthukisiwe wamaphaphu ungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwabantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma noma isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD).
Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-oksijini Okuthuthukisiwe
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amaphaphu kumane nje kuyisici esisodwa sempilo yokuphefumula. Esinye ikhono lomzimba lokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo owutholayo ngempumelelo. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisipha yokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa i-diaphragm kanye nemisipha ye-intercostal, ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni. Le misipha iba namandla futhi iqine kakhudlwana, kunciphisa umzamo odingekayo wokuphefumula nokukhipha umoya, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa amathuba okuphelelwa umoya ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla ngokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-alveoli, amasaka amancane omoya emaphashini lapho kwenzeka khona ukushintshana kwamagesi. Ukuvivinya umzimba kukhuthaza inani elandayo lama-capillary azungeze i-alveoli, kuthuthukisa indawo engaphezulu etholakalayo yokushintshana kwegesi. Lokhu kuholela ekumuncweni okungcono komoya-mpilo egazini kanye nokususwa okuphumelelayo kwe-carbon dioxide, umkhiqizo ongcolile we-metabolic.
Izinga Lokuphefumula Elincishisiwe
Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kungaholela nasekunciphiseni izinga lokuphefumula, noma inani lokuphefumula elithathwa ngomzuzu. Uhlelo lokuphefumula olusebenza kahle ludinga ukuphefumula okuncane ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomzimba zomoya-mpilo, okuholela endleleni yokuphefumula ehamba kancane nelawulwa kakhudlwana. Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu abantu abanezinkinga zokuphefumula, njengoba kunganciphisa umuzwa wokuphelelwa umoya futhi kuthuthukise induduzo iyonke ngesikhathi semisebenzi yomzimba.
Izinga lokuphefumula eliphansi alizuzisi nje kuphela emisebenzini yomzimba kodwa futhi lisiza esimweni sokuzola, esikhululekile ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukulawulwa kokuphefumula okuthuthukisiwe ngokuzivocavoca okufana ne-yoga noma i-Pilates kungathuthukisa ikhono lomzimba lokuphatha ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, okuholela empilweni yengqondo engcono kakhulu.
Isimiso Sokuzivikela Esiqinile
Ukuzivocavoca kwaziwa ngokuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, futhi lokhu kuhlanganisa nekhono lesimiso sokuphefumula lokuzivikela ezifweni. Ukuzivocavoca njalo kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwamaseli omzimba egazini, okuwenza akwazi ukufinyelela nokuvikela izitho ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa namaphaphu, ngempumelelo enkulu. Lokhu kuqapha okwandisiwe kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo zokuphefumula ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane kanye ne-pneumonia.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abahlanganyela ekuzivocavoceni njalo bavame ukuba namazinga aphansi okuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ukuvuvukala okungapheli kuyisici esiyingozi ezimweni ezahlukene zokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa i-asthma kanye ne-COPD. Ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukuzivocavoca kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqala noma ukuqhubeka kwalezi zimo, okunegalelo empilweni engcono yokuphefumula.
Amandla Emisipha Yokuphefumula Athuthukisiwe
Imisipha yokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa i-diaphragm kanye nemisipha ephakathi kwezimbambo, idlala indima ebalulekile enkambisweni yokuphefumula. Njenganoma yimiphi eminye imisipha emzimbeni, nayo iyazuza ekuzivocavoceni njalo. Imisebenzi efana nokugijima, ukubhukuda, kanye nokugibela ibhayisikili idinga amaphethini okuphefumula aqhubekayo anesigqi, asebenza le misipha, okwenza iqine futhi isebenze kahle.
Ukuqinisa le misipha yokuphefumula akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuphefumula okuyisisekelo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ikhono lokwenza imisebenzi enzima. Kwabasubathi noma abantu ababandakanyeka emisebenzini enzima ngokomzimba, lokhu kungaholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokukhuthazela.
Ingozi Ephansi Yezimo Zokuphefumula Ezingapheli
Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuhlobene eduze nengozi encishisiwe yokuba nezimo zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona. Izindlela zokuphila zokuhlala phansi kanye nokuqina komzimba okungekuhle kuyizinto eziyingozi ezifweni ezifana ne-COPD kanye ne-asthma. Ngokuzibandakanya emisebenzini evamile yomzimba, abantu banganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yabo yalezi zimo.
Ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukugcina izicubu zamaphaphu ziphilile ngokukhuthaza ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono nokunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-alveoli kanye nokuvuvukala komoya. Ukusebenza kokuphefumula okuthuthukisiwe ngenxa yokusebenza ngokomzimba njalo kunganciphisa nokwehla kokusebenza kwamaphaphu okuhambisana nokuguga, okuvumela abantu ukuthi baphefumule kalula eminyakeni yabo yokugcina.
Amazinga Amandla Anyusiwe
Ukusebenza kahle kokuphefumula kuthinta ngqo amazinga amandla. Uma amaphaphu nenhliziyo kulungiswa kahle ngokuzivocavoca njalo, kungaletha umoya-mpilo ngempumelelo ezicubu zomzimba. Lokhu kulethwa komoya-mpilo okuthuthukisiwe kungabangela ukukhuthazela okuthuthukisiwe kanye namazinga amandla, okwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ingacindezeli kakhulu.
Kubantu abahlushwa yizimo ezifana nesifo sokukhathala okungapheli noma ezinye izifo eziqeda amandla, lokhu kukhuliswa kwamandla kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezingeni labo lokuphila. Ukusebenza kokuphefumula okuthuthukisiwe kungasiza abantu bazizwe bephapheme kakhudlwana, begxile, futhi bekwazi ukusingatha imisebenzi yansuku zonke kalula.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kokululama Nokuqina
Kubantu abalulama ezifweni zokuphefumula, ukufaka ukuzivocavoca ohlelweni lwabo lokuvuselela umzimba kungasheshisa inqubo yokululama. Odokotela bezokwelapha umzimba bavame ukuncoma ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula kanye nemisebenzi elula yomzimba ukusiza iziguli ukuthi ziphinde zisebenze kahle emaphashini futhi ziqine.
Ukuzivocavoca okulula kwe-aerobic, njengokuhamba noma ukugibela ibhayisikili, kungasiza kancane kancane ekwakheni kabusha amandla okuphefumula kanye namandla. Le ndlela ayisizi nje kuphela ekululameni ngokomzimba kodwa futhi ithuthukisa inhlalakahle yengqondo yeziguli, ikhuthaza umuzwa wokuzimela kanye nokuqina.
Isiphetho
Izinzuzo zokuzivocavoca zidlulela ngalé kwamandla emisipha kanye nempilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Uhlelo lokuphefumula nalo luvuna izinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuzilolonga njalo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amaphaphu, ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo okuthuthukisiwe, ukwehla kwesilinganiso sokuphefumula, kanye nokuqina kwemisipha yokuphefumula kumane nje kungenye yemiphumela emihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzivocavoca kusiza ukuqinisa uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba, ukunciphisa ingozi yezimo zokuphefumula ezingamahlalakhona, ukukhulisa amazinga amandla, kanye nokusheshisa ukululama ezifweni.
Ukufaka umsebenzi womzimba ojwayelekile endleleni yokuphila komuntu kuyindlela enamandla yokukhuthaza hhayi nje impilo iyonke kodwa futhi nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngemidlalo yokukhuthazela, ukuqeqeshwa kwamandla, noma ukuzivocavoca okuguquguqukayo, isenzo sokuphefumula ngempumelelo enkulu siyisipho esisenza sikwazi ukuphila impilo enempilo, enamandla kakhulu, futhi mhlawumbe siphile isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, bopha lezo zicathulo zokugijima, thatha umoya ojulile, bese uqala indlela eya empilweni yokuphefumula ethuthukisiwe ngokuzivocavoca.
