Umehluko phakathi kwezibani ze-Incandescent kanye ne-LED
Ezweni lokukhanyisa kwanamuhla, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe isilethele izinketho eziningi zokukhanyisa ezisebenza kahle futhi ezinobungani nemvelo. Izinhlobo ezimbili zokukhanyisa ezivame ukuphikiswana ngazo futhi ziqhathaniswe yizibani ze-incandescent kanye nezibani ze-light-emitting diode (LED). Ngayinye inezici ezihlukile, ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile, kanye nezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi. Lesi sihloko sizohlola umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokukhanyisa ngokujulile, okuhlanganisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, impilo yezibani, izindleko, kanye nomthelela emvelweni.
Umlando kanye Nezimiso Zokusebenza
Isibani sokukhanya esikhanyayo singenye yezinhlobo zokukhanya ezindala kakhulu, ezasungulwa nguThomas Edison ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Sisebenza kalula: ugesi ugeleza ngentambo ye-tungsten ngaphakathi kwebhalbhu yengilazi, ufudumale intambo ize ikhanye futhi ikhiqize ukukhanya. Amabhalbhu akhanyayo aziwa ngokukhanya kwawo okufudumele, kwemvelo, okufana nokukhanya kwelanga noma umlilo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izibani ze-LED ziwubuchwepheshe obusha, obuthola ukuthandwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ama-LED akhiqiza ukukhanya ngama-semiconductor akhipha ama-photon lapho kusetshenziswa ugesi. Ukukhanya kwe-LED kuvela emandleni ama-electron ahamba esuka kwelinye ibhendi lamandla aye kwelinye ezintweni ezahlukene ze-semiconductor, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-electroluminescence. Ubuchwepheshe be-LED buyaqhubeka nokukhula, bukhiqiza izibani ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezihlala isikhathi eside, neziguquguqukayo.
Ukusebenza Kwamandla
Omunye wemimehluko ephawulekayo phakathi kwama-incandescent bulbs nama-LED ukusebenzisa kahle amandla. Ama-incandescent bulbs aziwa ngokungasebenzi kahle; cishe u-10% wamandla kagesi anikezwa wona aguqulwa abe ukukhanya okubonakalayo, kuyilapho okusele—cishe u-90%—kuchithwa njengokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ama-incandescent bulbs awachithi nje amandla kuphela kodwa futhi akhipha ukushisa okukhulu, okungakhuphula amazinga okushisa ekamelweni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izibani ze-LED zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ama-LED angaguqula cishe u-80-90% wamandla abe ukukhanya okubonakalayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izibani ze-LED zisebenzisa amandla amancane kakhulu kunamabhabhu e-incandescent ukuze zikhiqize inani elifanayo lokukhanya. Lokhu kusebenza kahle akugcini nje ngokunciphisa izindleko zamandla kodwa futhi kunciphisa nokushisa kwegumbi, okwenza kube ukukhetha okunobungani nemvelo futhi okonga ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Impilo Yesibani
Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwama-incandescent bulbs nama-LED ukuthi aphila isikhathi esifushane. Ama-incandescent bulbs aphila isikhathi esifushane, ngokuvamile ahlala phakathi kwamahora angu-750 no-2.000 ngaphambi kokuba i-filament iphuke futhi i-bulb ingasebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-incandescent bulbs adinga ukushintshwa njalo, okungakhuphula izindleko zokulungisa nokufaka esikhundleni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izibani ze-LED zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, zihlala amahora angu-25.000 kuya kwangu-50.000 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngekhwalithi kanye nezilungiselelo zokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-LED awanawo umcu wokuphuka, ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izindleko eziphansi zokushintsha izibani ze-LED zizenza zonge kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zinciphise imfucuza kagesi.
Izindleko
Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zama-incandescent bulbs ziphansi kunezama-LED bulbs, ukubala izindleko zokuphila konke kumele kucabangele nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuphila kwezibani. Ama-LED bulbs, naphezu kwentengo yawo ephezulu yokuthenga, azokongela imali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwawo kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Iningi lezokonga isikhathi eside livela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokushintsha noma ukulungisa okuncane njalo.
Ikhwalithi Yokukhanya
Ama-bulb akhanyayo aziwa ngekhwalithi yokukhanya kwawo okufudumele nokukhululekile, avame ukulinganiswa ngokushisa kombala okungaba ngu-2700K (Kelvin). Lokhu kukhanya kulingisa ukukhanya kwemvelo futhi kwenza izinto ezizungezile zibonakale zemvelo kakhulu. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo nakho kunenkomba yokunikeza umbala ephezulu kakhulu (CRI), efinyelela inani elingu-100, okusho ukuthi kungabonisa imibala yezinto ngokunembe kakhulu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izibani ze-LED zingakhiqiza amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene emibala, kusukela ekushiseni kakhulu (cishe ama-2700K) kuya ekupholeni kakhulu (ngaphezu kwama-6000K). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe be-LED buthuthuke kakhulu kangangokuthi imikhiqizo eminingi ye-LED manje inikeza ama-CRI aphezulu, asondela kulawo ezibani ze-incandescent. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kokushisa kombala kuvumela izibani ze-LED ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokukhanyisa ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zomsebenzisi kanye nezintandokazi.
Umthelela Wezemvelo
Ama-bulb akhipha ugesi, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwamandla aphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi esifushane, anomthelela omkhulu emvelweni. Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okuphezulu kusho ukuthi kudingeka izinsiza ezengeziwe ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla, okugcina kwandisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa ukushisa kanye nokungcola kwemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphila kwawo isikhathi esifushane kuholela ekuchithekeni okuningi kwe-e okudingeka kulawulwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izibani ze-LED zinobungani kakhulu nemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuphansi kukagesi kunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwekhabhoni kanye nesidingo samandla. Isikhathi sazo eside sokuphila sisho nokuncipha okukhulu kwemfucuza kagesi. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-LED ayinazo nezinto eziyingozi njenge-mercury, evame ukutholakala ezibanini ze-fluorescent.
Ukuhlukahluka Kohlelo Lokusebenza
Izibani ezikhanyisayo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukukhanya kwemvelo okufudumele, njengasemakhaya, ezindaweni zokudlela, kanye nakwezinye izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezidinga ukukhanya kwe-spectrum ethile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwamandla aphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi esifushane, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuyehla.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izibani ze-LED zisebenza ngezindlela eziningi kakhulu. Zifanelekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekukhanyeni kwasekhaya, kwezimboni, kwezentengiselwano, kanye nasemgwaqweni kuya ekukhanyeni okukhethekile njengokukhanya kwezokwelapha noma kwezolimo. Ama-LED angaguqulwa abe nezimo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi ahambisana nobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa obuhlakaniphile, okwenza kube inketho eguquguqukayo neyangesikhathi esizayo.
Isiphetho
Sekukonke, amabhalbhu e-incandescent kanye ne-LED anomehluko omkhulu owenza afanelekele izimo nezidingo ezahlukene. Amabhalbhu e-incandescent anikeza ikhwalithi yokukhanya yemvelo efudumele, kodwa ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi esifushane. Ngokuphambene nalokho, amabhalbhu e-LED anikeza ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okumangalisayo, isikhathi eside sokuphila, kanye nokuguquguquka okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokukhanyisa kwesimanje.
Ukukhetha phakathi kwama-incandescent bulbs nama-LED ekugcineni kuncike ezidingweni ezithile, izintandokazi zekhwalithi yokukhanyisa, kanye nezindleko kanye nokucatshangelwa kwemvelo. Ngokuqhubeka kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ama-LED bulbs abonakala eyisinqumo esihle kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi abafuna ikhambi lokukhanyisa elisebenzayo, elihlala isikhathi eside, nelihlala isikhathi eside.
