Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwesisusa Nokuphumelela Kwezemfundo
Esihlotsheni esiyinkimbinkimbi semfundo, ugqozi kanye nempumelelo yezemfundo kunemicu ehlangene eduze, ngayinye ithonya enye ngazo zonke izindlela. Ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwalezi zici ezimbili kubalulekile kothisha, abazali, kanye nabenzi benqubomgomo abahlose ukukhuthaza izindawo lapho abafundi bangachuma khona.
Ingqikithi Yesisusa
Ukugqugquzeleka kuwukushukunyiswa kwengqondo okuphoqa abantu ukuba bathathe isinyathelo sokufeza imigomo. Kungahlukaniswa kabanzi ngokugqugquzelwa okungaphakathi nokungaphandle. Ukugqugquzelwa okungaphakathi kuvela ekwanelisekeni kwangaphakathi kanye nesithakazelo somuntu siqu endabeni. Isibonelo, umfundi angase afunde i-biology hhayi nje ukuze aphumelele izivivinyo, kodwa ngoba uthakaselwe ngempela yizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphila. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugqugquzelwa okungaphandle kuqhutshwa yimivuzo noma izingcindezi zangaphandle, njengemaki, ukuvunyelwa kwabazali, noma amathuba emisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo.
Impumelelo Yezemfundo: Ukwakhiwa Okunezinhlangothi Eziningi
Impumelelo yezemfundo ivame ukulinganiswa ngokusebenza kwabafundi ezivivinyweni ezijwayelekile, amamaki, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlolwa kwezemfundo. Kodwa-ke, ihlanganisa okungaphezu nje kwamaphuzu ezinombolo. Ihlanganisa nokuthola amakhono, ulwazi, kanye namakhono avumela abantu ukuthi bahambe futhi banikele ngempumelelo emphakathini.
Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwesisusa Nokuphumelela Kwezemfundo
1. Umthelela Wokushukunyiswa Kwangaphakathi
Isisusa esingaphakathi sivame ukuhlotshaniswa nempumelelo ephezulu yezemfundo. Abafundi abaqhutshwa ilukuluku kanye nothando lokufunda banamathuba amaningi okuzibandakanya ngokujulile nokwaziswa, okuholela ekuqondeni nasekugcineni okungcono. Ucwaningo olwenziwe nguDeci, Vallerand, Pelletier, noRyan (1991) luthole ukuthi abafundi abashukunyiswa ngokwemvelo bavame ukusebenzisa amasu okufunda aphumelela kakhudlwana, njengokucabanga okubucayi kanye nokuzijwayeza okuningiliziwe, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwabo kwezemfundo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafundi abashukunyiswe ngokwemvelo bayakwazi ukuqina lapho bebhekene nezinselele zemfundo. Banamathuba amaningi okubheka ubunzima njengamathuba okukhula, kunokuba babheke izithiyo ezingenakunqotshwa. Lesi simo sengqondo esihle sikhuthaza isimo sengqondo sokukhula, okuyinto, ngokusho kocwaningo lukaCarol Dweck, eyisici esibalulekile empumelelweni yezemfundo.
2. Indima Yesisusa Sangaphandle
Nakuba isisusa sangaphakathi silungile, isisusa sangaphandle sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuphumeleleni kwezemfundo. Imiklomelo efana namamaki amahle, izifundi, kanye nokuqashelwa kunganikeza isikhuthazo esidingekayo kubafundi okungenzeka bangabi nentshisekelo enkulu esifundweni ekuqaleni. Isisusa sangaphandle singasebenza njengesango lesisusa sangaphakathi; isibonelo, umfundi angase aqale ukufunda kanzima ukuze athole umvuzo wemaki elihle, kodwa ekugcineni abe nesithakazelo sangempela endabeni yesifundo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthembela ezikhuthazweni zangaphandle kungaba yinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. U-Alfie Kohn (1999) uthi ukugcizelela ngokweqile imivuzo kungalimaza isisusa sangaphakathi, okuholela ekuthembeleni ekuqinisekisweni kwangaphandle. Lesi simo, esaziwa ngokuthi "umphumela wokulungisa ngokweqile," sibonisa ukuthi abafundi bangase balahlekelwe intshisekelo yokufunda ngenxa yabo uma begxila kakhulu emivuzoni yangaphandle.
3. Ubudlelwano kanye nokulinganisela
Ubudlelwano phakathi kokugqugquzelwa kanye nempumelelo yezemfundo abuxhomekeki ngokuphelele kodwa buxhomeke komunye nomunye. Ukugqugquzelwa kuthonya ukusebenza kwezemfundo, futhi impumelelo yezemfundo ingathuthukisa ukugqugquzelwa. Impendulo enhle evela ekuphumeleleni kwezemfundo ingathuthukisa ukuzethemba komfundi, imshukumisele ukuba ahlose okuphakeme.
Isihluthulelo ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwesisusa sangaphakathi nesangaphandle. Izindawo zemfundo kufanele zihlakulele isisusa sangaphakathi ngokwenza ukufunda kube okufanelekile futhi okuhehayo, kuyilapho futhi kunikeza imivuzo yangaphandle eqaphela futhi iqinisa imizamo yabafundi kanye nempumelelo yabo.
Izici Ezithonya Isisusa
Kunezici eziningana ezingathonya isisusa somfundi, okuthinta impumelelo yakhe kwezemfundo:
1. Ithonya Lothisha
Othisha badlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni isisusa sabafundi. Imikhuba yokufundisa ephumelelayo ehlanganisa izincazelo ezicacile, izindlela zokufundisa ezihehayo, kanye nokuqinisa okuhle kungathuthukisa kakhulu isisusa sabafundi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othisha ababonisa intshiseko yangempela ngesifundo futhi abakha ubudlelwano obuqinile nobasekelayo nabafundi bangakhuthaza isisusa esikhulu sangaphakathi.
2. Ukubandakanyeka Kwabazali
Ukusekelwa kwabazali kanye nokuzibandakanya kubalulekile ekukhuliseni isisusa. Abazali abagcizelela ukubaluleka kwemfundo, banikeze isikhuthazo, futhi badale indawo yokufunda efanelekile ekhaya bangathuthukisa kakhulu isisusa sezingane zabo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezemfundo.
3. Ithonya Lontanga
Ontanga nabo bangaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhuthazeni komfundi kanye nempumelelo yakhe kwezemfundo. Ithonya elihle lontanga lingakhuthaza abafundi ukuba balwele ukwenza kahle kwezemfundo, kuyilapho ingcindezi embi yontanga ingaholela ekungabandakanyeki kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kwezemfundo.
4. Izici Zezenhlalo Nezomnotho
Izici zezenhlalo nezomnotho, njengemali engenayo yomndeni kanye nokufinyelela ezinsizeni zemfundo, zingathonya isisusa. Abafundi abavela ezizindeni eziphakeme zezenhlalo nezomnotho bavame ukufinyelela kakhulu ezindaweni zokufunda ezikhuthazayo kanye nemisebenzi yangaphandle engakhuthaza isisusa sangaphakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abafundi abavela ezizindeni eziphansi zezenhlalo nezomnotho bangase babhekane nezinselele ezengeziwe ezithinta isisusa sabo kanye nokusebenza kwabo kwezemfundo.
Amasu Okuthuthukisa Ugqozi kanye Nempumelelo Yezemfundo
1. Ukudala Uhlelo Lwezifundo Oluhehayo
Ukwakhiwa kwekharikhulamu kufanele kugxile ekwenzeni ukufunda kube yinto efanele futhi ehehayo kubafundi. Ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela, imisebenzi exhumanayo, kanye nokufunda okusekelwe kumaphrojekthi kungavusa isithakazelo sangaphakathi sabafundi endabeni yesifundo.
2. Ukubeka Imigomo Nokuzihlola
Ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bazibekele imigomo engokoqobo nefinyelelekayo kungathuthukisa ugqozi lwabo. Imisebenzi yokuzihlola kanye nokuzindla ingasiza abafundi ukuba bathathe ubunikazi bokufunda kwabo futhi baqaphele intuthuko abayenzayo.
3. Ukuhlinzeka Ngokuzimela
Imikhuba yokufundisa esekela ukuzimela, njengokunikeza izinketho emisebenzini yokufunda nokukhuthaza uvo lwabafundi, ingakhuthaza umuzwa wokulawula kanye nesisusa sangaphakathi.
4. Ukudala Indawo Yokufunda Esekelayo
Indawo enhle nesekelayo ekilasini lapho abafundi bezizwa bephephile khona ukuziveza nokuthatha izingozi ingakhulisa kakhulu ugqozi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokukhuthaza indlela yokucabanga yokukhula, lapho amaphutha ebhekwa njengamathuba okufunda kunokwehluleka.
5. Ukuqaphela Nokuvuza Umzamo
Nakuba isisusa sangaphakathi silungile, ukuqaphela nokuvuza imizamo yabafundi ngokuncoma, impendulo, kanye nemivuzo ebonakalayo kungaqinisa isisusa futhi kukhuthaze ukuqhubeka kwempumelelo yezemfundo.
Isiphetho
Ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokugqugquzelwa kanye nempumelelo yezemfundo buqokomisa ukubaluleka kokukhulisa kokubili ukugqugquzelwa okungaphakathi kanye nokwangaphandle phakathi kwabafundi. Ngokudala izindawo zemfundo ezihilelanayo, ezisekelayo, neziqinisekisa ukuzimela, othisha bangathuthukisa ukugqugquzelwa kwabafundi, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezemfundo kanye nothando lokufunda impilo yonke. Ukuqonda lobu budlelwano nokusebenzisa amasu akhulisa ukugqugquzelwa kungaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kanye nempumelelo yomfundi ngamunye.
