Haeba lintho tse nang le mocheso o fapaneng li ama tse ling, ka tlhaho mocheso e tloha nthong e nang le mocheso o phahameng ho ea nthong e nang le mocheso o tlase. Phetisetso ea mocheso e emisa ka mor'a lintho tse peli tekatekano ea mochesoHo ka thoe phetisetso ea mocheso baka phetoho suhu lintho tse amang. Ho latela tlhaloso ena e khutšoanyane, ho fihletsoe qeto ea hore mocheso (Q) o na le kamano le ntho dan tao liphetoho tsa mocheso (delta T) ea ntho. Ntho ka 'ngoe e na le boima (m) 'me mefuta ea lintho le eona ea fapana.
Ho hana mokhoa oa mocheso Pampiri ena e sebelisa mabaka. U ka paka 'nete ea mabaka ana ho latela liphihlelo tsa hau tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, kapa u ka boela ua etsa teko.
Kamano pakeng tsa kphallo (Q) le pphetoho ea mocheso (delta T)
Ho na le dijana tse pedi tse tletseng metsi a boima bo tshwanang. Metsi a futhumatswa ho sebediswa dijana tse pedi tse fapaneng. Lelakabe la setofo se seng le tlase, ha lelakabe la setofo se seng le phahame. Haeba ka bobedi di futhumatswa metsotso e leshome, ke sejana sefe se chesang haholo? Haeba o kile wa futhumatsa metsi, o tla dumellana hore metsi a futhumatswang ho sebediswa setofo se nang le lelakabe le phahameng a chesa haholo (mocheso wa ho qetela wa metsi o phahame kapa phetoho ya mocheso e kgolo).
Lelakabe le emela bongata ba mocheso (Q). Lelakabe le lenyenyane le na le mocheso o monyenyane, lelakabe le leholo le na le mocheso o mongata. Ha ho na le mocheso o monyenyane, phetoho ea mocheso e nyane. Ha ho na le mocheso o mongata, phetoho ea mocheso e kholo. Ha mocheso o le mongata, phetoho ea mocheso e kholo. Ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore bongata ba mocheso (Q) bo lekana le phetoho ea mocheso oa ntho.
Kamano pakeng tsa mocheso (Q) le boima ba ntho (m)
Ho na le dijana tse pedi tse tletseng metsi tse nang le boima bo fapaneng, setshelo se seng se tletse metsi a mangata, setshelo se seng se tletse metsi a fokolang. Metsi a futhumatswa ho sebediswa ditofo tse pedi tse nang le lelakabe le le leng. Haeba ka bobedi di futhumatswa metsotso e leshome, ke metsi afe ka setshelong a chesang haholo? Haeba o kile wa futhumatsa metsi, o tla dumellana hore metsi a ka metsing a fokolang a chesa haholo (mocheso wa ho qetela wa metsi o moholo kapa phetoho ya mocheso e kgolo). E le hore metsi a mangata a be le phetoho e tshwanang ya mocheso le metsi a fokolang, lelakabe le futhumatsang metsi a mangata le lokela ho hodiswa.
Bongata ba metsi bo emela boima ba metsi (m). Boholo ba lelakabe bo emela bongata ba mocheso. Ho ka fihlelwa qeto ya hore bongata ba mocheso (Q) bo lekana le phetoho ya mocheso wa ntho. Ha metsi a le mangata, ho hlokahala mocheso o mongata ho phahamisa mocheso wa metsi.
Kamano pakeng tsa mocheso (Q) le jena ntho (c)
Haeba o futhumatsa bare ya tshepe le bare ya khalase ya boholo bo lekanang ka nako e le nngwe o sebedisa lelakabe le le leng, ke lefe le tla futhumatsa kapele, tshepe kapa khalase? Ehlile, tshepe e tla futhumatsa kapele. Ho ka fihlellwa qeto ya hore mocheso o hlokahalang ho phahamisa mocheso wa ntho o lekana le mofuta wa ntho.
Lipapiso tse tharo tse ka holimo li kopantsoe ho etsa equation:
Ena ke foromo kapa equation ea mocheso.
Tlhahisoleseding: Q = mocheso (Joule), m = boima ba ntho (kg), c = mocheso o itseng wa ntho (J/kg Co), delta T = phetoho mochesong (Co kapa K)
1. Lik'hilograma tse hlano tsa leqhoa mochesong oa -22oC e futhumatsoa ho fihlela leqhoa lohle le qhibiliha mochesong oa 0oC. Haeba mocheso o patehileng leqhoa 333 kJ/kg le mocheso o itseng oa leqhoa 2100 J/kg Co, ebe palo mocheso se hlokahalang ke…
A. 1496 kJ
B. 1596 kJ
C. 1696 kJ
D. 1796 kJ
E. 1896 kJ
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala:
Boima ba leqhoa (m) = 5 kg
Mocheso oa pele (T) = -22oC
Mocheso o patehileng oa leqhoa (L) = 333 kJ/kg = 333.000 J/kg
Mocheso o itseng oa leqhoa (c) = 2100 J/kg Co
O botsitse: Bongata ba mocheso bo hlokahalang (Q)
Karabo:
Mokhoa oa 1: eketsa mocheso oa leqhoa ho tloha ho -22oHo tloha ho C ho isa ho 0oC
Q = mc ΔT = (5)(2100)(22) = 231.000 Joule
Mokhoa oa 2: qhibilihisa leqhoa lohle ka metsing
Q = m L = (5)(333.000) = 1.665.000 J
Mocheso o felletseng = 231.000 J + 1.665.000 J = 1.896.000 J = 1.896 kJ
Karabo e nepahetseng ke E.
Mohloli oa lipotso:
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