Haeba lintho tse nang le mocheso o fapaneng li kopana, mocheso ka tlhaho o tloha nthong e nang le mocheso o phahameng ho ea nthong e nang le mocheso o tlase. Phetiso ea mocheso e emisa hang ha lintho tse peli li fihla ho tekano ea mocheso . Ho ka thoe phetiso ea mocheso e baka phetoho mochesong oa lintho tse kopanang. Ho latela tlhaloso ena e khutšoanyane, ho fihletsoe qeto ea hore mocheso (Q) o amana le ntho le phetoho mochesong (delta T) ea ntho eo. Ntho ka 'ngoe e na le boima (m) 'me mofuta oa ntho le oona o fapane.
Ho nkuwa ha foromo ya mocheso sehloohong sena ho etswa ka ho nahana. O ka paka bonnete ba ho nahana hona ho itshetlehile ka diphihlelo tsa hao tsa letsatsi le letsatsi kapa ka ho etsa teko.
Kamano pakeng tsa mocheso (Q) le phetoho ea mocheso (delta T)
Ho na le dijana tse pedi tse tletseng metsi a boima bo tshwanang. Metsi a futhumatswa ho sebediswa dijana tse pedi tse fapaneng. Lelakabe la setofo se seng le tlase, ha lelakabe la setofo se seng le phahame. Haeba ka bobedi di futhumatswa metsotso e leshome, ke sejana sefe se chesang haholo? Haeba o kile wa futhumatsa metsi, o tla dumellana hore metsi a futhumatswang ho sebediswa setofo se nang le lelakabe le phahameng a chesa haholo (mocheso wa ho qetela wa metsi o phahame kapa phetoho ya mocheso e kgolo).
Lelakabe le emela bongata ba mocheso (Q). Lelakabe le lenyenyane le na le mocheso o monyenyane, lelakabe le leholo le na le mocheso o mongata. Ha ho na le mocheso o monyenyane, phetoho ea mocheso e nyane. Ha ho na le mocheso o mongata, phetoho ea mocheso e kholo. Ha mocheso o le mongata, phetoho ea mocheso e kholo. Ho ka fihleloa qeto ea hore bongata ba mocheso (Q) bo lekana le phetoho ea mocheso oa ntho.
Kamano pakeng tsa mocheso (Q) le boima ba ntho (m)
Ho na le dijana tse pedi tse tletseng metsi tse nang le boima bo fapaneng, setshelo se seng se tletse metsi a mangata, setshelo se seng se tletse metsi a fokolang. Metsi a futhumatswa ho sebediswa ditofo tse pedi tse nang le lelakabe le le leng. Haeba ka bobedi di futhumatswa metsotso e leshome, ke metsi afe ka setshelong a chesang haholo? Haeba o kile wa futhumatsa metsi, o tla dumellana hore metsi a ka metsing a fokolang a chesa haholo (mocheso wa ho qetela wa metsi o moholo kapa phetoho ya mocheso e kgolo). E le hore metsi a mangata a be le phetoho e tshwanang ya mocheso le metsi a fokolang, lelakabe le futhumatsang metsi a mangata le lokela ho hodiswa.
Bongata ba metsi bo emela boima ba metsi (m). Boholo ba lelakabe bo emela bongata ba mocheso. Ho ka fihlelwa qeto ya hore bongata ba mocheso (Q) bo lekana le phetoho ya mocheso wa ntho. Ha metsi a le mangata, ho hlokahala mocheso o mongata ho phahamisa mocheso wa metsi.
Kamano pakeng tsa mocheso (Q) le mofuta oa ntho ( c )
Haeba o futhumatsa bare ya tshepe le bare ya khalase ya boholo bo lekanang ka nako e le nngwe o sebedisa lelakabe le le leng, ke lefe le tla futhumatsa kapele, tshepe kapa khalase? Ehlile, tshepe e tla futhumatsa kapele. Ho ka fihlellwa qeto ya hore mocheso o hlokahalang ho phahamisa mocheso wa ntho o lekana le mofuta wa ntho.
Lipapiso tse tharo tse ka holimo li kopantsoe ho etsa equation:
Ena ke foromo kapa equation ea mocheso.
Tlhahisoleseding: Q = mocheso (Joule), m = boima ba ntho (kg), c = mocheso o itseng wa ntho (J/kg Co), delta T = phetoho mochesong (Co kapa K)
1. Lik'hilograma tse hlano tsa leqhoa mochesong oa -22 o C li futhumatsoa ho fihlela leqhoa lohle le qhibiliha mochesong oa 0 o C. Haeba mocheso o patehileng oa leqhoa e le 333 kJ/kg 'me mocheso o itseng oa leqhoa e le 2100 J/kg o C , joale mocheso o hlokahalang ke...
A. 1496 kJ
B. 1596 kJ
C. 1696 kJ
D. 1796 kJ
E. 1896 kJ
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala:
Boima ba leqhoa (m) = 5 kg
Mocheso oa pele (T) = -22 o C
Mocheso o patehileng oa leqhoa (L) = 333 kJ/kg = 333.000 J/kg
Mocheso o itseng oa leqhoa (c) = 2100 J/kg C o
Potso: Bongata ba mocheso bo hlokahalang (Q)
Karabo:
Mokhoa oa 1: eketsa mocheso oa leqhoa ho tloha ho -22 o C ho ea ho 0 o C
Q = mc ΔT = (5)(2100)(22) = 231.000 Joule
Mokhoa oa 2: qhibilihisa leqhoa lohle ka metsing
Q = m L = (5)(333.000) = 1.665.000 J
Kakaretso ea mocheso = 231.000 J + 1.665.000 J = 1.896.000 J = 1.896 kJ
Karabo e nepahetseng ke E.
Mohloli oa lipotso:
Lipotso tsa Fisiks tsa SBMPTN
