Mathata le litharollo tsa metsi

Mathata le litharollo tsa metsi

Khatello ea metsi

1. Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa kgatello ya hydrostatic ya madi pakeng tsa boko le maoto a motho ya bolelele ba hae e leng 165 cm ( a re re boima ba madi = 1.0 × 10 ³ kg/m3 ^, ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli = 10 m/ ^s2 )

Tse tsejoang:

Bolelele (h) = 165 cm = 165/100 m = 1.65 metres

Botenya ba mali (ρ) = 1.0 × 10 ³ kg/ ^m3

Ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = 10 m/s ²

Oa Batla: khatello ea metsi

Tharollo:

P = ρ gh

P = (1.0 × 10 ³ )(10)(1.65)

P = (1.0 × 10 ⁴ )(1.65)

P = 1.65 x 10 ⁴ N/m ²

Phaephe e bōpehileng joaloka U

2. Phaephe ea AU qalong e tlatsoa ka metsi ho e-na le phaephe e le 'ngoe e tlatsitsoeng ka oli, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka tlase. Boima ba metsi ke 1000 kg/m3 ^. Haeba bophahamo ba oli e le 8 cm 'me bophahamo ba metsi e le 5 cm, boima ba oli ke bokae?

Tse tsejoang:

Boima ba metsi = 1000 kg.m ^-3

Bophahamo ba metsi (h ₂ ) = 5 cm

Bophahamo ba oli (h ₁ ) = 8 cm

Ho batloa: bongata ba oli

Tharollo:

ρ ₁ gh ₁ =ρ ₂ gh ₂

ρ ₁ hora ₁ =ρ ₂ hora ₂

(1000)(5) = (ρ ₂ )(8)

5000 = (ρ ₂ )(8)

ρ ₂ = 625 kg.m ^-3

3. Phaephe ea AU e ile ea tlatsoa ka parafini pele eaba e eketsoa metsi. Haeba boima ba parafini e le 0.8 grams/cm3 ^' me boima ba metsi e le gram/cm3 ^' me sebaka se tšekaletseng e le 1.25 cm2 ^. Fumana hore na ho lokela ho eketsoa metsi a makae e le hore phapang ea bophahamo ba bokaholimo ba parafini e be 15 cm.

A. 9 ml

B. 12 ml

C. 15 ml

D. 18 ml

Tse tsejoang:

Botenya ba parafini (ρ ₁ ) = 0.8 gram/ ^cm3

Boima ba metsi (ρ ₂ ) = 1 gram/ ^cm3

Sebaka sa karolo ea phaephe e = 1.25 cm ²

Phapang ea bophahamo ba bokaholimo ba parafini (h ₁ ) = 15 cm

Ho batloa: Bongata ba metsi

Tharollo:

Bophahamo ba metsi (h2 ₎ :

ρ ₁ gh ₁ = ρ ₂ gh ₂

(0,8)(15)(1)(h ₂ )

h ₂ = 12 cm

Bophahamo ba metsi:

V = ( Sebaka sa karolo ea phaephe e ) (bophahamo ba metsi)

V = (1.25 cm ² )(12 cm)

V = 15 cm ³

Litara e le 1 = 1 dm ³ = 10 ³ cm ³

1 milliliter = 10 ^-3 lilithara s = (10 ^-3 )(10 ³ ) cm ³ = 1 cm ³

Bophahamo ba metsi ke 15 cm ³ = 15 milliliters

Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

4. Phaephe U e tletseng metsi a nang le boima ba 1000 kg/m3 ^. Kholomo e le 'ngoe ea phaephe U e tletseng glycerin e nang le boima ba 1200 kg/m3 ^. Haeba bophahamo ba glycerin e le 4 cm, fumana phapang ea bophahamo ba likholomo ka bobeli tsa phaephe.

A. 0.8 cm

B. 4 cm

Bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 8

D. 12 cm

Tse tsejoang:

Boima ba metsi (ρ ₁ ) = 1000 kg/ ^m3

Botenya ba glycerin (ρ ₂ ) = 1200 kg/ ^m3

Bolelele ba glycerin (h ₂ ) = 4 cm

Ho batloa: Phapang ea bophahamo ba likholomo ka bobeli tsa phaephe.

Tharollo:

Bophahamo ba kholomo ea phaephe (h ₁ ):

ρ ₁ hora ₁ = ρ ₂ hora ₂

(1000)(h ₁ ) = (1200)(4)

(1000)(h ₁ ) = 4800

h ₁ = 4.8 cm

Phapang ea bophahamo ba likholomo ka bobeli tsa phaephe U = h ₁ – h ₂ = 4.8 cm – 4 cm = 0.8 cm

Karabo e nepahetseng ke A.

5. Phaephe ya U e na le dipheletso tse pedi tse butsweng tse tletseng metsi ka boima ba 1 g/cm3 ^. Sebaka sa karolo se pela phaephe se tshwana, ke hore 1 cm2 ^. Motho e mong o foka pheletsong e nngwe ya leoto la phaephe e le hore bokahodimo ba metsi a leotong le leng bo nyolohe ka 10 cm ho tloha sebakeng sa bona sa pele. Haeba ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a kgoheli ho s 10 m/s2, fumana matla a sebetswang ke motho eo.

A. 20 lik'hilojene

B. 10 lik'hilojene

C. 2 lik'hilojene

D. 1 kilodyne

Tse tsejoang:

Fetola diyuniti tsohle ho ya tsamaisong ya Matjhaba.

Botebo ba metsi (ρ ₁ ) = 1 gr/cm ³ = 10 ^-3 kg / 10 ^-6 m ³ = 10 ³ kg/m ³

Sebaka sa phaephe se tšekaletseng (A) = 1 cm ² = 10 ^-4 m ²

Phetoho ea kholomo ea phaephe (h) = 10 cm = 1 dm = 10 ^-1 m

Ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = 10 ms ^-2 = 10 ¹ ms ^-2

Bophahamo ba metsi a tsamayang (V) = (A)(h) = (1 cm ² )(10 cm) = 10 cm ³ = (10 ¹ )(10 ^-6 m ³ ) = 10 ^-5 m ³

Ho batloa: Matla (F) a etswang ke motho.

Tharollo:

Matla a ileng a sebetsa ke motho eo = boima ba metsi a bolelele ba 10 cm

F = w

F = mg —–> Tekanyo ea bongata : m = ρ V

F = ρ V g

F = (10 ³ )(10 ^-5 )(10 ¹ )

F = (10 ⁴ )(10 ^-5 )

F = 10 ^-1 Newton —–> 1 Newton = 10 ⁵ dynes

F = (10 ^-1 )(10 ⁵ dyne)

F = 10 ⁴ dinae

F = 10 lik'hilojene

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

6. Phaephe e bōpehileng joaloka Y e kenngoa e shebile tlase e le hore leoto le letšehali le leoto le letona li qoelisoe ka har'a mefuta e 'meli ea mokelikeli. Ka mor'a hore maoto ka bobeli a qoelisoe ka har'a mokelikeli, karolo e ka holimo ea phaephe ea Y e koetsoe ka monoana 'me e huleloa holimo, e le hore maoto a mabeli a phaephe ea Y a tlatsoe ka kholomo ea metsi a fapaneng a nang le bongata bo phahameng. Haeba bongata ba mokelikeli oa pele e le 0.80 gram.cm ^-3 'me bongata ba bobeli e le 0.75 gram.cm ^-3 , 'me kholomo e ka tlase ea mokelikeli e le 8 cm, joale fumana phapang ea bolelele pakeng tsa likholomo tse peli tsa mokelikeli ho U pip e.

A. 1.0666 cm

B. 0.9375 cm

Bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 0.3533

D. 0.5333 cm

Tse tsejoang:

Botenya ba mokelikeli oa pele (ρ ₁ ) = 0,80 gram.cm ^-3

Botenya ba mokelikeli oa bobeli (ρ ₂ ) = 0,75 gram.cm ^-3

Bophahamo ba mokelikeli o ka tlase (h ₁ ) = 8 cm

Ho batloa: Phapang ea bophahamo lipakeng tsa likholomo tse peli tsa metsi ho U pipe e

Tharollo:

Bophahamo ba diedi tse phahameng (h2 ₎ :

ρ ₁ hora ₁ = ρ ₂ hora ₂

(0.80)(8) = (0.75)(h ₂ )

6.4 = 0.75 ( _h2 )

h ₂ = 6.4 / 0.75

h ₂ = 8.5 cm

Phapang ya bophahamo ba metsi = h ₂ – h ₁ = 8.5333 cm – 8 cm = 0.5333 cm

Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

Matla a matla

7. Lejoe le nang le bophahamo ba 0.5 m3 ^le beoa ka har'a mokelikeli o nang le boima ba 1.5 gr cm ^–3 . Ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli ke 10 ms ^-2 . Matla a ho phaphamala ke afe?

Tse tsejoang:

Bophahamo ba lejoe (V) = 0.5 m ³

Boima ba metsi (ρ) = 1.5 gr cm ^–3 = 1500 kg m ^-3

Ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = 10 ms ^-2

Ho batloa: matla a ho phaphamala ( _FA )

Tharollo:

Tekanyo ea matla a buoang:

F _A = ​​​​ρ g V = (1500 kg m ^-3 )(10 ms ^-2 )(0.5 m ³ ) = 7500 kg m/s ² = 7500 Li-Newton

Float

8. Leqhoa le phaphametse ka leoatleng joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong se ka tlase. Boima ba leoatle ke 1.2 gr cm ^–3 'me boima ba leqhoa ke 0.9 gr c ^–3 . Bongata ba leqhoa metsing a leoatle = ……. x bophahamo ba leqhoa moeeng.

Tse tsejoang:

Botenya ba leoatle (ρ _leoatle ) = 1.2 gr cm ^–3

Botenya ba leqhoa (ρ _leqhoa ) = 0.9 gr c ^–3

Ho batlwa: Bongata ba leqhoa metsing a lewatle = ……. x bongata ba leqhoa moeeng.

Tharollo:

Bophahamo ba leqhoa leoatleng = 0.75

Bophahamo ba leqhoa moeeng = 0.25

Bongata ba leqhoa metsing a leoatle = 3 x bongata ba leqhoa moeeng (3 x 0.25 = 0.75).

9. Ntho e phaphamala ka hara mokelikeli moo 2/3 ea ntho e leng ka hara mokelikeli. Haeba boima ba ntho e le 0.6 gr cm ³ , joale boima ba metsi ke bokae.

Tse tsejoang:

Karolo ea ntho e ka har'a metsi = 2/3

Botenya ba ntho = 0.6 gr cm ³ = 600 kg m ³

Ho batloa: bongata ba mokelikeli (x)

Tharollo:

Boima ba mokelikeli ke 900 kg ^m3

10. Patsi e phaphamala ka metsing, moo karolo ea 3/5 ea patsi e leng ka metsing. Haeba boima ba metsi e le 1 × 10 ³ kg/m3 ^, boima ba patsi ke bofe?

Tse tsejoang:

Karolo ea ntho e ka metsing = 3/5

Boima ba metsi = 1×10 ³ kg/m ³ = 1000 kg/m ³

Ho batloa: Boima ba lehong (x)

Tharollo:

Boima ba patsi ke 600 kg/m ³ = 6 x 10 ² kg/m ³

1. Li-statics tsa mokelikeli ke eng?
   • Araba: Di-fluid statics, tse tsejoang hape e le hydrostatics, ke lekala la mechine ea mokelikeli e ithutang maro a phomotseng le matla a hlahisoang ke maro a sa fetoheng linthong tse qoelitsoeng le maboteng a lijana.
2. Khatello e mokelikeling e fapana joang ho latela botebo?
   • Araba: Mokelikeling o sa fetoheng, khatello e eketseha ka tatellano ka botebo ka lebaka la boima ba kholomo ea mokelikeli ka holim'a botebo bofe kapa bofe bo fanoeng. Phetoho khatellong ka botebo e fanoa ke $\Delta P=\rho gh$, moo $\rho$ ke bongata ba mokelikeli, $g$ ke ho potlaka ha matla a khoheli, le $h$ ke botebo.
3. Molao-motheo oa Pascal ke ofe?
   • Araba: Molao-motheo oa Pascal o bolela hore phetoho khatellong e sebelisoang mokelikeling o koetsoeng e fetisetsoa likarolong tsohle tsa mokelikeli le maboteng a setshelo sa eona.
4. Phahamiso ea hydraulic e sebetsa joang ho latela melao-motheo ea fluid statics?
   • Araba: Ho phahamisa ka metsi ka metsi ho sebedisa molaomotheo wa Pascal. Ha matla a manyane a sebediswa pistonng e nyane, a baka kgatello moyeng. Kgatello ena e fetisetswa ntle le ho fokotseha moyeng, e sebedisa matla a maholo haholo pistonng e kgolo, e leng se nolofalletsang ho phahamisa dintho tse boima ka boiteko bo fokolang.
5. Matla a ho phaphamala ke eng 'me a amana joang le li-static tsa mokelikeli?
   • Araba: Matla a ho phaphamala ke matla a hodimo a sebediswang ke mokelikeli nthong efe kapa efe e qoedisitsweng. Ho ya ka molao-motheo wa Archimedes, matla a ho phaphamala nthong a lekana le boima ba mokelikeli o tloswang ke ntho eo.
6. Ke hobane'ng ha lintho li phaphamala kapa li teba ka har'a maro?
   • Araba: Hore na ntho e phaphametse kapa e teba ho itshetlehile ka kamano e pakeng tsa matla a phallang le boima ba ntho. Haeba matla a phallang (ka lebaka la mokelikeli o falliseditsweng) a le maholo ho feta boima ba ntho, e tla phaphamala. Haeba boima ba ntho bo le boholo, e tla teba.
7. Khopolo ea khatello ea hydrostatic ke efe?
   • Araba: Khatello ea hydrostatic ke khatello e hlahisoang ke mokelikeli o phomotseng ka lebaka la matla a khoheli. E eketseha ka tatellano ho latela botebo ba mokelikeli, 'me e baloa e le P=P₀​+ρgh, moo P₀​ ke kgatello e hodima metsi, $\rho$ ke bongata ba mokelikeli, $g$ ke ho potlaka ha matla a khoheli, le $h$ ke botebo.
8. Khatello ea sepakapaka e amana joang le li-static tsa mokelikeli?
   • Araba: Sepakapaka se ka nkoa e le mokelikeli. Khatello ea sepakapaka ke khatello e hlahisoang ke boima ba moea ka holim'a ntlha e itseng. E fokotseha ha bophahamo bo ntse bo phahama, joalo ka ha khatello e ka har'a mokelikeli e fokotseha ha motho a ntse a nyolohela holimo kholomong ea mokelikeli.
9. Sebopeho sa setshelo se bapala karolo efe kabong ea khatello ea mokelikeli o sa fetoheng ka hare ho sona?
   • Araba: Ho di-static tsa mokelikeli, kgatello botebong bo itseng e itshetlehile feela ka bophahamo ba kholomo ya mokelikeli ka hodima botebo boo, eseng sebopehong sa setshelo. Kahoo, kgatello botebong bo itseng e a tshwana ho sa tsotelehe sebopeho sa setshelo.
10. Bohlokoa ba hydrostatic paradox ke bofe?

• Araba: Phapang ena ea hydrostatic e totobatsa hore ho statics ea mokelikeli, matla a sebelisoang ke mokelikeli o sa fetoheng botlaaseng ba setshelo a itšetlehile feela ka bophahamo ba kholomo ea mokelikeli, eseng bophahamo ba eona kapa sebopeho sa setshelo. Kahoo, lijana tse fapaneng haholo tse nang le bophahamo bo tšoanang ba mokelikeli li sebelisa khatello e tšoanang botlaaseng ba tsona, leha li tšoere bongata bo fapaneng ba mokelikeli.