Mehlala ea Lipotso tse Buisanang ka Melao-motheo ea Liheke tsa Logic
Pendahuluan
Ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le tsa khomphutha, liheke tsa logic ke li-block tsa motheo tsa ho etsa liqeto. Li nka tlhahisoleseling e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa Boolean ('nete kapa bohata, 1 kapa 0) 'me li hlahisa tlhahiso e le' ngoe ea Boolean. Liheke tsa logic ke motheo oa lipotoloho tsa dijithale, joalo ka li-microprocessor, memori, le lipotoloho tse ling tsa taolo. Sengoloa sena se tla akaretsa mathata a 'maloa a mehlala le ho buisana ka melao-motheo ea motheo ea liheke tsa logic, ka ho tsepamisa maikutlo haholo ho liheke tsa AND, OR, NOR, XOR, le XNOR.
Melao-motheo ea Motheo ea Liheke tsa Logic
Ho thusa ho utloisisa mehlala ea lipotso, re tlameha ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea motheo ea mofuta o mong le o mong oa heke ea logic pele.
1. LE heke:
– Sephetho e tla ba 1 feela haeba di-input tsohle e le 1.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A LE B |
|——|————|
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
2. KAPA heke:
– Sephetho e tla ba 1 haeba e 'ngoe ea li-input e le 1.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A KAPA B |
|——|————|
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
3. ESENG heke:
– Sephetho se tla ba se fapaneng le se kentsweng.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | HA SE A |
|—|——-|
| 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 |
4. Heke ea NAND (Eseng LE):
– Sephetho se fapane le heke ea AND.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A NAND B |
|——|———-|
| 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |
5. KAPA (Eseng KAPA) Heke:
– Sephetho se fapane le heke ea OR.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A NOR B |
|——|————|
| 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |
6. Heke ea XOR (E ikhethileng KAPA):
– Sephetho e tla ba 1 haeba sephetho se fapane.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A XOR B |
|——|————|
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 |
7. Heke ea XNOR (NOR e Ikhethileng):
– Sephetho e tla ba 1 haeba sephetho se tšoana.
– Tafole ea 'Nete:
| A | B | A XNOR B |
|——|———-|
| 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
Lipotso tsa Mehlala le Puisano
A re buisaneng ka mehlala e meng ea mathata a amanang le liheke tsena tse fapaneng tsa logic.
Mohlala oa 1: Motsoako oa AND le OR Gates
Potso:
A re re ho na le di-input tse tharo A, B, le C. Bala sephetho sa potoloho e latelang ya logic:
– Q1 = A LE B
– Kotara ea 2 = Kotara ea 1 KAPA Kotara ea 2
Puisano:
Mehato ea tharollo:
1. Fumana boleng ba Q1.
2. Sebelisa boleng ba Q1 ho fumana Q2.
A re re A = 1, B = 0, le C = 1:
1. Q1 = A LE B = 1 LE 0 = 0
2. P2 = P1 KAPA C = 0 KAPA 1 = 1
Kahoo, tlhahiso ea ho qetela ea Q2 ke 1.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 2: Motsoako oa NAND le AND Gates
Potso:
Haeba re na le di-input tse pedi tsa X le Y, fumana sephetho sa potoloho e latelang ya logic:
– Potso ea 1 = X NAND Y
– Kotara ea 2 = Kotara ea 1 LE ea X
Puisano:
A re bale tlhahiso ho latela metsoako e ka bang teng ea ho kenya. A re re X = 1 le Y = 1:
1. Q1 = X NAND Y = 1 NAND 1 = HA SE(1 LE 1) = HA SE(1) = 0
2. P2 = P1 LE X = 0 LE 1 = 0
Kahoo, tlhahiso ea ho qetela ea Q2 ke 0.
Mohlala oa 3: Motsoako oa Liheke tsa XOR le NOR
Potso:
Bala sephetho sa potoloho e latelang ea logic ka li-input D le E:
– Q1 = D XOR E
– Kotara ea 2 = Kotara ea 1 kapa E
Puisano:
A re bale tlhahiso ho latela metsoako e ka bang teng ea ho kenya. A re re D = 0 le E = 1:
1. Q1 = D XOR E = 0 XOR 1 = 1
2. P2 = P1 HA E = 1 HA E = 1 = HA E(1 KAPA 1) = HA E(1) = 0
Kahoo, tlhahiso ea ho qetela ea Q2 ke 0.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 4: Ho Sebelisa Liheke tse Tharo tse Fapaneng tsa Logic
Potso:
Ka di-input tse tharo P, Q, le R, bala sephetho sa potoloho e latelang ya logic:
– Q1 = P LE Q
– Potso ea 2 = Potso ea 1 KAPA Potso ea 1
– Potso ea 3 = HA SE Potso ea 2
Puisano:
Mehato ea tharollo:
1. Bala Q1 ka LE heke.
2. Sebelisa Q1 ho bala Q2 ka heke ea OR.
3. Sebelisa Q2 ho bala Q3 ka heke e sa reng letho.
A re re P = 1, Q = 0, le R = 1:
1. Q1 = P LE Q = 1 LE 0 = 0
2. P2 = P1 KAPA R = 0 KAPA 1 = 1
3. P3 = HA SE P2 = HA SE 1 = 0
Kahoo, tlhahiso ea ho qetela ea Q3 ke 0.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 5: Ho Rala Potoloho ea Logic
Potso:
Rala potoloho ea logic e hlahisang tlhahiso ea 'NETE haeba feela li-input tse peli ho tse tharo (A, B, C) e le 'NETE.
Puisano:
Ho fumana tharollo e khotsofatsang maemo a boletsoeng ka holimo, re ka sebelisa motsoako o latelang oa liheke tsa logic:
1. Q1 = A LE B LE (Eseng C)
2. Q2 = A LE (Eseng B) LE C
3. Q3 = (Eseng A) LE B LE C
4. Sephetho = Kotara ea 1 KAPA Kotara ea 2 KAPA Kotara ea 3
A re sekasekeng mohato ka mohato bakeng sa motsoako o itseng oa ho kenya. A re re A = 1, B = 1, le C = 0:
1. Q1 = A LE B LE (Eseng C) = 1 LE 1 LE 1 = 1
2. Q2 = A LE (Eseng B) LE C = 1 LE 0 LE 0 = 0
3. Q3 = (E SENG A) LE B LE C = 0 LE 1 LE 0 = 0
4. Sephetho = Q1 KAPA Q2 KAPA Q3 = 1 KAPA 0 KAPA 0 = 1
Kahoo, potoloho ena e fana ka tlhahiso ea 'NETE feela haeba tse peli ho tse tharo tse kenang e le 'NETE.
Qetello
Sehloohong sena, re akarelitse melao-motheo ea motheo ea liheke tsa logic 'me ra fana ka mehlala e 'maloa ea mathata ka litlhaloso. Ho tseba melao-motheo le ts'ebetso ea liheke tsa logic ho bohlokoa ho mang kapa mang ea sebetsang ka lipotoloho tsa dijithale, li-microprocessor, kapa masimo a mang a amanang. Ho utloisisa mokhoa oa tšebetso le logic ka mor'a liheke tsena ho re lumella ho rala lipotoloho tse rarahaneng le tse sebetsang hantle. Re tšepa hore mehlala ena e bile thuso ho tebiseng kutloisiso ea rona ea liheke tsa logic.
