Ballaarinta toosan waxaa la kulmaa oo keliya walxaha adag; ballaarinta mugga waxaa la kulma dhammaan walxaha, labadaba adag, dareere, iyo gaas. Isla'egta ballaarinta mugga waxay la mid tahay isla'egta ballaarinta toosan.
Sharaxaad: V o = Mugga bilowga ah, V = Mugga kama dambaysta ah, ΔV = V – V o = Isbeddelka mugga, T o = Heerkulka bilowga ah, T = Heerkulka kama dambaysta ah, ΔT = T o = Isbeddelka heerkulka, β = isku-darka ballaarinta mugga. Cutubyada β = (C o ) -1
Isle'egta ballaarinta mugga ee kor ku xusan waxay khuseysaa oo keliya marka isbeddellada mugga walxaha (adag, dareere, iyo gaas) ay ka yar yihiin mugga asalka ah ee shayga. Haddii isbeddelka mugga shay uu ka weyn yahay mugga bilowga ah ee shayga, isle'egta ballaarinta mugga ma bixiso natiijooyinka saxda ah. Badanaa, isbeddellada mugga ee ay la kulmaan walxaha adag ma aha kuwo aad u weyn. Dhanka kale, isku-dhafka ballaarinta mugga ee dareeraha iyo gaaska waa weyn yahay. Isku-dhafka ballaarinta mugga ee walxaha gaaska sidoo kale waa mid fudud in la beddelo haddii heerkulku isbeddelo. Sidaa darteed qaacidada kore waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo keliya ballaarinta walxaha adag.
1. Heerkulka 30 o C mugga wareegga aluminiumku waa 30 cm 3. Isugeynta ballaarinta toosan waa 24 x 10 -6 o C -1 . Haddii mugga kama dambaysta ahi yahay 30.5 cm 3 , waa maxay heerkulka kama dambaysta ah ee wareegga aluminiumku?
La yaqaan:
Isugeynta ballaarinta toosan ( α ) = 24 x 10 -6 o C -1
Isugeynta ballaarinta mugga ( β ) = 3 α = 3 x 24 x 10 -6 o C -1 = 72 x 10 -6 o C -1
Heerkulka bilowga ah (T 1 ) = 30 o C
Mugga bilowga ah (V1 ) = 30 cm 3
Mugga ugu dambeeya (V2 ) = 30.5 cm 3
Isbeddelka mugga ( Δ V) = 30.5 cm 3 – 30 cm 3 = 0.5 cm 3
La Rabay: Heerkulka kama dambaysta ah ( T2 )
Xalka:
Δ V = β (V1 ) ( ΔT )
Δ V = β (V 1 )(T 2 – T 1 )
0.5 cm3 = (72 x 10-6 oC-1)(30 cm3)(T2 - 30oC)
0.5 = (2160 x 10 -6 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 = (2.160 x 10 -3 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 = (2.160 x 10 -3 ) (T 2 – 30 )
0.5 / (2.160 x 10 -3 ) = T 2 – 30
0.23 x 10 3 = T 2 – 30
0.23 x 1000 = T 2 – 30
230 = T 2 – 30
230 + 30 = T 2
T 2 = 260 o C
2. Isugeynta ballaarinta toosan ee wareegga birta waa 9 x 10 -6 o C -1 . Dhexroorka gudaha ee wareegga birta ee 20 o C waa 2.2 cm. Haddii dhexroorka kama dambaysta ahi yahay 2.8 cm, waa maxay heerkulka kama dambaysta ah!
La yaqaan:
Isugeynta ballaarinta toosan ( α ) = 9 x 10 -6 o C -1
Isugeynta ballaarinta mugga ( β) = 3 α = 3 x 9 x 10 -6 o C -1 = 27 x 10 -6 o C -1
Heerkulka bilowga ah (T 1 ) = 20 o C
Dhexroorka bilowga ah (D 1 ) = 2.2 cm
Dhexroorka ugu dambeeya (D 2 ) = 2.8 cm
Gacanka bilowga ah (r 1 ) = D 1 / 2 = 2.2 cm 3 / 2 = 1.1 cm 3
Gacanka ugu dambeeya (r 2 ) = D 2 / 2 = 2.8 cm 3 / 2 = 1.4 cm 3
Mugga bilowga ah (V 1 ) = 4/3 π r 1 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.1 cm) 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.331 cm 3 ) = 5.57 cm 3
Mugga ugu dambeeya (V2 ) = 4/3 π r 2 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(1.4 cm) 3 = (4/3)(3.14)(2.744 cm 3 ) = 11.48 cm 3
Isbeddelka mugga ( Δ V) = 11.48 cm 3 – 5.57 cm 3 = 5.91 cm 3
La Rabay: Heerkulka ugu dambeeya ( T2 )
Xalka:
Δ V = β (V1 ) ( ΔT )
5.91 cm3 = (27 x 10-6 oC-1)(5.57 cm3)(T2 - 20oC)
5.91 = (150.39 x 10 -6 ) (T 2 – 20)
5.91 / 150.39 x 10 -6 = T 2 – 20
0.039 x 10 6 = T 2 – 20
39 x 10 3 = T 2 – 20
39,000 = T 2 – 20
39,000 + 20 = T 2
T 2 = 39,020 o C
3. 2000-cm3 weel aluminium, oo lagu buuxiyay biyo 0oC. Kadibna lagu kululeeyo 90oC. Haddii isku-dhafka ballaarinta toosan ee aluminiumku yahay 24 x 10-6 (oC)-1 iyo isku-darka ballaarinta mugga biyaha waa 6.3 x 10-4 (oC)-1, go'aami mugga biyaha daatay.
La yaqaan:
Mugga hore ee weelka aluminiumka iyo biyaha (Vo ) = 2000 cm 3 = 2 x 10 3 cm 3
Heerkulka bilowga ah ee weelka aluminiumka iyo biyaha (T 1 ) = 0 o C
Heerkulka kama dambaysta ah ee weelka aluminiumka iyo biyaha (T2 ) = 90 o C
Isugeynta ballaarinta toosan ee aluminiumka (α) = 24 x 10 -6 ( o C ) -1
Isugeynta ballaarinta mugga ee aluminiumka (γ) = 3α = 3 (24 x 10 -6 ( o C ) -1 ) = 72 x 10 -6 o C -1
Isugeynta ballaarinta mugga biyaha (γ) = 6.3 x 10 -4 ( o C ) -1
La Doonayo: Mugga biyaha daatay
Xalka:
Isle'egta ballaarinta mugga:
V = Vo o + γ Vo o ΔT
V – Vo o = γ Vo o ΔT
ΔV = γ V o ΔT
V = mugga kama dambaysta ah, V o = mugga bilowga ah, ΔV = isbeddelka mugga, γ = isku-dhafka ballaarinta mugga, ΔT = isbeddelka heerkulka
Xisaabi isbeddelka mugga weelka aluminiumka:
ΔV = γ V o ΔT = (72 x 10 -6 )(2 x 10 3 )(90) = 12960 x 10 -3 = 12.960 cm 3
Xisaabi isbeddelka mugga biyaha:
ΔV = γ V o ΔT = (6. 3 x 10 -4 )(2 x 10 3 )(90) = 1134 x 10 -1 = 113.4 cm 3
Isbeddelka mugga biyuhu wuu ka weyn yahay weelka aluminiumka sidaa darteed biyo ayaa daatay.
Xisaabi mugga biyaha daatay:
113.4 cm 3 – 12.960 cm 3 = 100.44 cm 3
[wpdm_package id='702′]
- Beddelidda miisaanka heerkulka
- Balaadhinta toosan
- Ballaarinta aagga
- Ballaarinta mugga
- Heat
- U dhigma farsamo ee kulaylka
- Awood gaar ah oo kul iyo kulayl ah
- Kulayl qarsoon, kulaylka isku-darka, kulaylka uumiga
- Ilaalinta tamarta ee wareejinta kulaylka
