1. Biyo 1-kg ah oo heerkulkoodu yahay 100 oC oo lagu qasay biyo 1-kg ah oo heerkulkoodu yahay 10 o C oo ku jira nidaam go'doon ah. Kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyuhu waa 4200 J/kg o C. Go'aami heerkulka ugu dambeeya ee isku darka!
La yaqaan:
Cufka biyaha kulul (m1 ) = 1 kg
Heerkulka biyaha kulul (T 1 ) = 100 o C
Cufka biyaha qabow (m2 ) = 1 kg
Heerkulka biyaha qabow (T2 ) = 10 oC
La Rabay: Heerkulka kama dambaysta ah (T)
Xalka:
Kulayl lumay = Kulayl la helay (nidaam go'doon ah)
m c Δ T = m c Δ T
m Δ T = m Δ T
m 1 (T 1 – T) = m 2 (T – T 2 )
(1)(100 – T) = (1)(T – 10)
100 – T = T – 10
100 + 10 = T + T
110 = 2T
T = 110 / 2
T = 55
Heerkulka kama dambaysta ah waa 55 o C.
2. Baloog rasaas ah oo 3 kg ah oo miisaankiisu yahay 80o Kuleylka gaarka ah ee rasaasta waa 1400 J.kg.-1C-1 kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyuhuna waa 4200 J.kg-1C-1Heerkulka ugu dambeeya ee dheelitirka kulaylka waa 20oC. Go'aami heerkulka bilowga ah ee biyaha!
La yaqaan:
Cufnaanta ( m1 ) = 3 kg
Kulaylka gaarka ah ee rasaasta (c1 ) = 1400 J.kg -1 C -1
Heerkulka rasaasta (T 1 ) = 80 o C
Cufka biyaha (m2 ) = 10 kg
Kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyaha (c 2 ) = 4200 J.kg -1 C -1
Heerkulka dheelitirka kulaylka (T) = 20 o C
La Rabay: Heerkulka bilowga ah ee biyaha ( T2 )
Xalka:
Kulayl lumay = Kulayl la helay
Q lead = Q biyo
m 1 c 1 ΔT = m 2 c 2 ΔT
(3)(1400)(80-20) = (10)(4200)(20-T)
(4200)(60) = (42,000)(20-T)
252,000 = 840,000 – 42,000 T
42,000 T = 840,000 – 252,000
42,000 T = 588,000
T = 588,000 / 42,000
T = 14
Heerkulka biyaha ee bilowga ah waa 14 o C.
3. Baloog naxaas ah oo ku yaal 100oC lagu shubay 128 garaam oo biyo ah 30 oC. Kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyuhu waa 1 cal.g-1oC-1 kulaylka gaarka ah ee naxaasta waa 0.1 cal.g-1oC-1. Haddii heerkulka dheelitirka kulaylka uu yahay 36 oC, go'aami cufka naxaasta!
La yaqaan:
Heerkulka naxaasta (T 1 ) = 100 o C
Kulaylka gaarka ah ee naxaasta (c1 ) = 0.1 c al.g -1o C -1
Cufka biyaha (m2 ) = 128 garaam
Heerkulka biyaha (T 2 ) = 30 o C
Kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyaha (c2 ) = 1 c al.g -1o C -1
Heerkulka dheelitirka kulaylka (T) = 36 o C
La Raadinayo: Cufka naxaasta ( m1 )
Xalka:
Kulayl lumay = Kulayl la helay
Q naxaas = Q biyo
m 1 c 1 ΔT = m 2 c 2 ΔT
(m 1 )(0.1)(100-36) = (128)(1)(36-30)
(m 1 )(0.1)(64) = (128)(1)(6)
(m 1 )(6.4) = 768
m 1 = 768 / 6.4
m 1 = 120
Miisaanka naxaasta waa 120 garaam.
4. Baloog baraf ah oo M-kg ah 0oC lagu shubay 340 garaam oo biyo ah 20oC weel yar. Haddii kulaylka isku-darka biyo = 80 kaloori g-1, kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyuhu waa 1 kaloori g-1 oC-1. Dhammaan barafku wuu dhalaalaa iyo heerkulka dheelitirka kulaylka is 5oC, go'aami cufka barafka!
La yaqaan:
Cufka biyaha (m) = 340 garaam
Heerkulka barafka (T baraf ) = 0 o C
Heerkulka biyaha (T biyo ) = 20 o C
Heerkulka dheelitirka kulaylka (T) = 5 o C
Kulaylka isku-darka biyaha ( L ) = 80 c al g -1
Kulaylka gaarka ah ee biyaha (c biyo ) = 1 kalori g -1 o C -1
La Raadinayo: Cufnaanta barafka (M)
Xalka:
Kulayl lumay = Kulayl la helay
Biyo Q = baraf Q
m c ( ΔT) = m es L es + m c ( Δ T)
(340)(1)(20-5) = M (80) + M (1)(5-0)
(340)(15) = 80M + 5M
5100 = 85M
M = 5100/85
M = 60 garaam
[wpdm_package id='714′]
- Beddelidda miisaanka heerkulka
- Balaadhinta toosan
- Ballaarinta aagga
- Ballaarinta mugga
- Heat
- U dhigma farsamo ee kulaylka
- Awood gaar ah oo kul iyo kulayl ah
- Kulayl qarsoon, kulayl isku-dhafan, kulayl uumi-baxa
- Ilaalinta tamarta ee wareejinta kulaylka
