8 Tusaalooyin Su'aalo ah oo ku saabsan Microscope-ka
1. A mikroskoob waxay ka kooban tahay laba muraayadood oo wareegsan. Muraayadaha qaloocan kaas oo u dhow shayga ama shayga waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda ujeeddada leh, muraayadda isku laabanta ahna ee u dhow isha indha-indheeyaha waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda indhaha. Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh waa 2 cm, dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhahana waa 5 cm. Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha waa 30 cm. Haddii isha indha-indheeyaha ay caadi tahay oo ay leedahay hoy ugu yar, go'aami: (a) weynaynta guud ee mikroskoobka, (b) masaafada shayga iyo muraayadda ujeeddada leh.
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)ob) = 2cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok) = 5cm
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (l) = 30 cm
Bar u dhow Mata caadi ah (N) = 25 cm
Jawaab:
(a) Weyneynta guud ee mikroskoobka
Qaacidada weynaynta guud ee mikroskoobka:
M = mob Mok
Sharaxaad: M = weynaynta guud ee mikroskoobka, mob = weynaynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada, Mok = weynaynta xagal ee muraayadda indhaha.
Weyneynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay (mob):
Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
sob' = l – fok = 30 cm - 5 cm = 25 cm
Masaafada shayga u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob):
Muraayadda ujeedadu waa muraayad qaloocan sidaa darteed dhererka diiradda muraayadda waa mid togan. Sawirku waa mid dhab ah sidaa darteed masaafada sawirka (s ob ') waa mid togan.
Weyneynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada:
Weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay (Mok):
Mok = Ma / fok = 25 cm / 5 cm = 5 jeer
Weyneynta guud ee mikroskoobka:
M = mob Mok = (12,5)(5) = 62,5 jeer
(b) Masaafada shayga u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob)
Masaafada shayga laga soo bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada ayaa lagu helay xisaabintii hore.
Masaafada shayga u jirta muraayadda ujeeddada waa 2 cm.
2. Qofka indhaha caadiga ah leh wuxuu adeegsadaa mikroskoob fudud oo iftiin ah si uu u daawado shay. Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda ujeeddada leh waa 15 cm. Muraayadda ujeeddada leh waxay leedahay weynayn toosan oo 5 jeer ah, muraayadda ujeeddada lehna waxay leedahay weynayn xagal ah oo 20 jeer ah. Haddii isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay, go'aami: (a) weynaynta guud ee mikroskoobka, (b) dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh, (c) dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh.
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Weyneynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada (mob) = 5 jeer
Weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M)ok) = 20 jeer
Barta u dhow isha caadiga ah (N) = 25 cm
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha = Dhererka mikroskoobka (l) = 15 cm
Jawaab:
(a) Wadarta weyneynta mikroskoobka (M)
Qaacidada weynaynta guud ee mikroskoobka:
M = mob Mok
Weyneynta guud ee mikroskoobka:
M = (5)(20) = 100 jeer
(b) Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok)
Qaacidada weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M)ok) mikroskoob marka ishaadu ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay:
Mok = Ma / fok
Wax ka beddel qaacidadan si aad u xisaabiso dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok):
fok = Ma jiro / Ma jirook = 25 cm / 20 = 1,25 cm
(c) Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)ob)
Qaacidada weynaynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada (mob) Nooca mikroskoobka nooca isha ugu yaraan qaabilaadda:
Calaamadda taban ee tilmaamaysa in sawirku rogmanayo ayaa laga saaray qaacidadan.
Masaafada sawirka dhabta ah laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
sob' = l – fok = 15 cm - 1,25 cm = 13,75 cm
Masaafada shayga u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob):
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f ob ):
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada waa 2,29 cm
Muraayadda ujeedadu waa muraayad qaloocan sidaa darteed dhererka diiradda muraayadda waa mid togan. Sawirku waa mid dhab ah sidaa darteed masaafada sawirka (yada) waaob') waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay togan.
Masaafada shayga (s = ob = 2,75 cm) waxay wax yar ka weyn tahay dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f ob = 2,29 cm). Tani waxay la jaanqaadaysaa xaqiiqda ah in shayga la arkay iyadoo la adeegsanayo mikroskoobka la dhigo meel u dhow barta diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada si muraayadda ujeeddadu u soo saarto sawir dhab ah oo leh weynayn toosan oo ugu badan.
3. Fiiri sawirka waddada fallaadhaha iftiinka ee sawir ka samaynaya mikroskoobka soo socda. Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha ee mikroskoobka waa…
A. 20 cm
B. 24 cm
C. 25 cm
D. 27 cm
E. 29 cm
Dood
mikroskoob Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu arko walxo ama walxo aad u yaryar oo aan si toos ah loogu arki karin isha. Microscope-ka ugu fudud wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba muraayadood oo isku soo ururaya, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan muraayadaha convex. Muraayadda ugu dhow shayga waxaa la yiraahdaa muraayad ujeedo lehMuraayadda u dhow isha waxaa la yiraahdaa muraayadda indhaha ama muraayadda indhahaMuraayadda ujeeddada leh waxay u shaqeysaa inay soo saarto sawir dhab ah. Sawirka dhabta ah ee ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh waxaa u arka shay muraayadda ujeeddada leh. Muraayadda ujeeddada leh ayaa markaa weyneysa sawirka si ay si cad isha ugu aragto.
Waa la garanayaa :
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)ob) = 1,8 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok) = 6 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Masaafada shayga u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob) = 2 cm (masaafada walaxda togan sababtoo ah iftiinku wuxuu dhex maraa walaxda)
La weydiiyay Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha laga bilaabo mikroskoobka (dhererka tuubada = l)
Jawab :
Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
1 / sob + 1/sob' = 1/fob
1 / sob' = 1/fob – 1/sob
1 / sob' = 1/1,8- 1/2 = 10/18- 9/18 = 1/18
sob' = 18 cm
Sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddadu waa mid sax ah barta ugu horreysa ee isha, sida ka muuqata sawirka kore.
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (dhererka tuubada = l) :
l = sob'+ fok = 18 cm + 6 cm = 24 cm
Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.
3. Fiiri jaantuska soo socda ee sameynta sawirka oo ku jira mikroskoob. Masaafada shayga laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada waa 1,1 cm, dhererka diiradda ujeeddada waa 1 cm, dhererka diiradda ishana waa 5 cm. Weyneynta sawirka ee mikroskoobka waa…
A. 25 jeer
B. 30 jeer
C. 40 jeer
D. 50 jeer
E. 55 jeer
Dood
Waa la garanayaa :
Masaafada shayga u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob) = 1,1 cm (masaafada walaxda togan sababtoo ah iftiinku wuxuu dhex maraa walaxda)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)ob) = 1 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok) = 5 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
La weydiiyay : Weyneynta sawirka mikroskoobka (M)
Jawab :
Wadarta weyneynta mikroskoobka waa natiijada weyneynta muraayadda ujeeddada (mob) iyo weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (Mok).
Weyneynta muraayadda ujeeddada
Qaacidada weynaynta muraayadda ujeeddada (mob) :
mob =hob'/hob = sob'/sob = (l – f)ok)/yadaob
Macluumaadka:
hob' = dhererka sawirka oo ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddada leh
hob = dhererka shayga
sob' = masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada leh
sob = masaafada shayga iyo muraayadda ujeeddada
fok = diiradda muraayadda indhaha
l = dhererka tuubada = masaafada u dhaxaysa labada muraayadood = masaafada sawirka ay sameeyeen muraayadda ujeeddada (yaasha)ob') + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)ok)
Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
Marka hore xisaabi masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada.
1 / sob + 1/sob' = 1/fob
1 / sob' = 1/fob – 1/sob
1 / sob' = 1/1- 1/1,1 = 11/11 – 10/11 = 1/11
sob' = 11 cm
Sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddadu waa mid sax ah barta ugu horreysa ee isha, sida ka muuqata sawirka kore.
Weyneynta muraayadaha bartilmaameedka ah (mob) :
mob = sob'/sob = 11 cm / 1,1 cm = 10
Weyneynta muraayadda indhaha
Haddii isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay ama isha ay dabacsan tahay, halkaas oo sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha uu yahay masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn sida ka muuqata sawirka u dhow muraayadda indhaha ee kor ku xusan (laba xariiq oo toosan oo siman) markaa qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (Mok) waa:
Mok = Ma / fok
Macluumaadka:
N = barta u dhow isha caadiga ah (25 cm)
fok = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha = 5 cm
Weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M)ok) :
Mok = Ma / fok = 25 cm / 5 cm = 5
Weyneynta guud ee mikroskoobka
M = mob x Mok = 10 x 5 = 50
Jawaabta saxda ah waa D.
5. Fiiri jaantuska soo socda ee sameynta sawirka adoo isticmaalaya mikroskoob!
Haddii iftiinka ka soo baxaya muraayadda indhaha uu yahay iftiin barbar socda, oo indha-indheyntu ay leedahay aragti caadi ah, markaa weyneynta mikroskoobku waa .... (Sn = 25 cm)
A. 10 jeer
B. 18 jeer
C. 22 jeer
D. 30 jeer
E. 50 jeer
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh (f ob ) = 2 cm
Masaafada shayga laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob ) = 2,2 cm
Barta caadiga ah ee u dhow (N) = 25 cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok ) = 25 cm
La weydiiyay: M
Jawaab:
Haddii sawirka kama dambaysta ahi uu aad u fog yahay, isha ayaa si yar u qaabili doonta, liddi ku ah, haddii sawirku uu aad u fog yahay, isha ayaa si weyn u qaabili doonta. Sawirka kama dambaysta ah ee sawirka kore wuxuu muujinayaa sawir aan dhammaad lahayn oo fog, sidaas darteed isha ayaa si yar u qaabili doonta.
Marka hore, xisaabi masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob '). Muraayadda ujeeddada leh waa muraayad toosan, sidaa darteed masaafada sawirka waxaa lagu xisaabiyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo qaacidada muraayadda toosan. Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda toosan waa mid togan sababtoo ah iftiinku wuxuu dhex maraa barta diiradda ee muraayadda toosan.
1/s ob ' = 1/f ob - 1/s ob = 1/2 - 1/2,2 = 11/22 - 10/22 = 1/22
s ob ' = 22/1 = 22 cm
Markaa weyneynta sawirka mikroskoobka waa:
Jawaabta saxda ah waa A.
6. Fiiri sawirka waddada iftiinka sameeya sawirka adigoo isticmaalaya mikroskoobkan soo socda:
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha ee mikroskoobka waa…
A. 20 cm
B. 24 cm
C. 25 cm
D. 27 cm
E. 29 cm
Dood
Microscope-yada waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu arko walxo aad u yar yar ama walxo aan si toos ah loogu arki karin isha qaawan. Microscope-ka ugu fudud wuxuu ka kooban yahay laba muraayadood oo isku soo ururaya, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan muraayadaha convex. Muraayadda ugu dhow shayga waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda ujeeddada leh . Muraayadda ugu dhow isha waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda indhaha ama muraayadda indhaha . Muraayadda ujeeddada leh waxay u shaqeysaa inay soo saarto sawir dhab ah. Sawirka dhabta ah ee ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh waxaa u arka inay tahay shay isha. Muraayadda isha ayaa markaa weyneysa sawirka si ay si cad isha ugu aragto.
Waa la ogyahay in :
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f ob ) = 1,8 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok ) = 6 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Masaafada shayga laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob ) = 2 cm (masaafada shayga togan sababtoo ah iftiinku wuxuu dhex maraa shayga)
Su'aal : Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha laga bilaabo mikroskoobka (dhererka tuubada = d)
Jawaab :
Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
1/s ob + 1/s ob ' = 1/f ob
1/s ob ' = 1/f ob – 1/s ob
1/s ob '= 1/1,8 - 1/2 = 10/18 - 9/18 = 1/18
s ob ' = 18 cm
Sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddadu waa mid sax ah barta ugu horreysa ee isha, sida ka muuqata sawirka kore.
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (dhererka tuubada = d) :
l = s ob ' + f ok = 18 cm + 6 cm = 24 cm
Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.
7. Fiiri jaantuska soo socda ee sameynta sawirka ee mikroskoobka.
Masaafada shayga u jirta muraayadda ujeeddada waa 1,1 cm, dhererka diiradda ujeeddada waa 1 cm, dhererka diiradda ujeeddadana waa 5 cm, sidaa darteed weyneynta sawirka mikroskoobka waa...
A. 25 jeer
B. 30 jeer
C. 40 jeer
D. 50 jeer
E. 55 jeer
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in :
Masaafada shayga laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob ) = 1,1 cm (masaafada shayga togan sababtoo ah iftiinku wuxuu dhex maraa shayga)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f ob ) = 1 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok ) = 5 cm (diiradda togan sababtoo ah muraayaddu waa isku-dhafan/qallafsan)
Su'aal : Weyneynta sawirka mikroskoobka (M)
Jawaab :
Wadarta weyneynta mikroskoobka waa natiijada weyneynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeedka leh (m ob ) iyo weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M ok ).
Weyneynta muraayadda ujeeddada
Qaacidada weynaynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada (m ob ) :
m ob = h ob '/h ob = s ob '/s ob = (l - f ok )/s ob
Macluumaadka:
h ob ' = dhererka sawirka oo ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddada leh
h ob = dhererka shayga
s ob ' = masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada
s ob = masaafada shayga iyo muraayadda ujeeddada
f ok = diiradda muraayadda indhaha
l = dhererka tuubada = masaafada u dhaxaysa labada muraayadood = masaafada sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob ') + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok )
Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
Marka hore xisaabi masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada.
1/s ob + 1/s ob ' = 1/f ob
1/s ob ' = 1/f ob – 1/s ob
1/s ob '= 1/1 - 1/1,1 = 11/11 - 10/11 = 1/11
s ob ' = 11 cm
Sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda ujeeddadu waa mid sax ah barta ugu horreysa ee isha, sida ka muuqata sawirka kore.
Weyneynta muraayadaha bartilmaameedka ah (mob) :
m ob = s ob '/s ob = 11 cm / 1,1 cm = 10
Weyneynta muraayadda indhaha
Haddii isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay ama isha ay dabacsan tahay, halkaas oo sawirka ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha uu ku jiro masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn sida ka muuqata sawirka u dhow muraayadda indhaha ee kor ku xusan (laba xariiq oo toosan oo is barbar socda) markaa qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M ok ) waa:
M ok = N / f ok
Macluumaadka:
N = barta u dhow isha caadiga ah (25 cm)
f ok = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha = 5 cm
Weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha (M)ok) :
M ok = N / f ok = 25 cm / 5 cm = 5
Weyneynta guud ee mikroskoobka
M = m ob x M ok = 10 x 5 = 50
Jawaabta saxda ah waa D.
8. Fiiri sawirka waddada iftiinka sameeya sawirka adigoo isticmaalaya mikroskoobkan soo socda:
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha ee mikroskoobka waa….
A. 20 cm
B. 24 cm
C. 25 cm
D. 27 cm
E. 29 cm
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Masaafada shayga laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s ob ) = 2 cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh (f ob ) = 1,8 cm
Masaafada sawirka dhabta ah laga bilaabo muraayadda indhaha (waa caadi ) = 6 cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok ) = 6 cm
Su'aal: Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda indhaha iyo muraayadda indhaha (dhererka tuubada mikroskoobka)
Jawaab:
U fiirso sawirka kore. Marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay, sawirka ugu dambeeya ee ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha waa masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn. Si sawirka ugu dambeeya ee ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha uu u noqdo masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn, sawirka dhabta ah ee ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha waa inuu ahaadaa barta dhexe ee muraayadda indhaha. Sidaa darteed, masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda indhaha iyo muraayadda indhaha (l) = masaafada sawirka dhabta ah laga bilaabo muraayadda indhaha (s ob ') + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f ok ).
Masaafada sawirka dhabta ah laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (s)ob') :
1/s ob + 1/s ob ' = 1/f ob
1/s ob ' = 1/f ob – 1/s ob
1/s ob ' = 1/1,8 – 1/2
1/s ob '= 10/18 - 9/18 = 1/18
s ob ' = 18 cm
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda indhaha iyo muraayadda indhaha (dhererka tuubada mikroskoobka):
l = s ob ' + f ok
l = 18 cm + 6 cm
Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.
Isha su'aasha:
Su'aalaha Imtixaanka Qaranka ee Fiisigiska ee Dugsiga Sare/Dugsiga Sare ee Xirfadda
Isha su'aasha:
Su'aalaha Imtixaanka Qaranka ee Fiisigiska ee Dugsiga Sare/Dugsiga Sare ee Xirfadda
