Tusaale su'aal teleskoob xiddigeed (binokulaar) ah

9 Tusaalooyin Su'aalo ku saabsan Telescope-ka Xiddigiska

1. A teleskoob waxay ka kooban tahay laba muraayad qaloocanMuraayadda qaloocan ee ka fog isha indha-indheeyaha waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda ujeeddada leh, muraayadda qaloocan ee u dhow isha indha-indheeyaha waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda indhaha. Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh waa 400 cm, dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhahana waa 20 cm. Haddii isha indha-indheeyaha ay caadi tahay oo ay leedahay hoy yar, go'aami:
a) weynaynta guud ee teleskoobka (M),
b) masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo sawirka ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh (s)_ob'),
c) masaafada u dhaxaysa sawirka ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (s)_ok)
d) masaafada u dhaxaysa labada muraayadood ee isku laaban
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) = 400cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ok) = 20cm
Ishu si yar ayay u qaabaysan tahay si sawirka dhabta ah ee ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh uu si sax ah ugu yaalo barta labaad ee diiradda muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo barta ugu horreysa ee diiradda muraayadda indhaha.
Jawaab:
a) Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka (M)
Qaacidada weyneynta teleskoobka marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay:
M = f_ob /f_ok
Weyneynta teleskoobka waa:
M = 400 cm / 20 cm = 20 jeer
Sawirka kama dambaysta ah waa mid casri ah oo rogman. Isbarbardhig sharraxaadda mawduuca ku jirta qalabka indhaha ee teleskoobka.

b) Masaafada sawirka laga bilaabo muraayadda ujeeddada (yada)_ob')
Haddii isha indha-indheeyaha ay si yar u habboonaato, markaa masaafada sawirku u jiro muraayadda ujeeddada (yada)_ob') = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) = 400 cm = 4 mitir.
Isbarbardhig sharaxaadda mawduuca qaacidada qalabka indhaha ee telescope-ka.

c) Masaafada "shayga" u jirta muraayadda indhaha (s)_ok)
Haddii isha ay si yar u habboonaato, masaafada u dhaxaysa sawirka ay soo saarto muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (yada)_ok) = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f_ok) = 20 cm = 0,2 mitir.

d) Masaafada u dhaxaysa labada muraayadood ee isku laaban
Masaafada u dhaxaysa labada muraayadood ee qaloocan = dhererka teleskoobka (l) = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f_ok) = 400 cm + 20 cm = 420 cm.

2. Qof indho caadi ah leh ayaa adeegsada teleskoob si uu u daawado shay. Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeeddada leh iyo muraayadda indhaha waa 20 cm. Wadarta weynaynta teleskoobka marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay waa 40 jeer. Xisaabi dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)._ok) iyo dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f_ob)
Dood
Waa la ogyahay in:
Dhererka teleskoobka (l) = 20 cm
Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka (M) = 40 jeer
Jawaab:
Haddii isha ay ku habboon tahay ugu yaraan, dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ok) + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f_ob) = dhererka teleskoobka (l)
f_ok +f_ob = l
f_ob = l – f_ok
f_ob = 20 – f_ok —–> Isle'egta 1

Qaacidada weynaynta guud ee teleskoobka (M):
M = f_ob /f_ok
f_ob = M f_ok
f_ob = 40 f_ok —–> Isle'egta 2

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha:
Beddel f_ob isle'egta 1aad oo leh f_ob isle'egta 2aad:
f_ob = 20 – f_ok
40 f_ok = 20 – f_ok
40 f_ok +f_ok = 20
41 f_ok = 20
f_ok = 20 cm / 41
f_ok = 0,5cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha waa 0,5 cm.

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh:
f_ob = 20 – f_ok
f_ob = 20 - 0,5
f_ob = 19,5cm

3. Fiiri sawirka!
Ballaarinta teleskoobka ee isha aan la qabsan karin iyadoo lagu saleynayo sawirka kore waa…

A. 14,5 jeer
B. 12,5 jeer
C. 11,5 jeer
D. 10,5 jeer
E. 9,5 jeer

Dood

Marka si toos ah loogu eego isha qaawan, walxaha fog waxay u muuqdaan kuwo aad u yar yar. Si si cad loogu arko walxaha fog, muraayadaha indhaha ama teleskoobyada ayaa la isticmaalaa. Shaqada muraayadaha indhaha waa inay weyneeyaan walxaha fog si si cad loogu arki karo isha qaawan.

Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka kore, muraayadaha indhaha ee qalabka indhaha waxay ka kooban yihiin laba muraayadood oo isku dheggan , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan muraayadaha isku dheggan . Muraayadaha indhaha ee ka kooban laba muraayadood oo isku dheggan waa muraayado xiddigo ah ama muraayado xiddigo ah . Muraayadaha u dhow shayga waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda ujeeddada leh , muraayadda u dhow ishana waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda indhaha . Muraayadaha indhaha ee ujeeddadu waxay u shaqeeyaan inay soo saaraan sawir dhab ah halkaas oo sawirka dhabta ah loo arko inuu yahay shay muraayadda indhaha. Muraayadaha indhaha ayaa markaa weyneeya sawirka. Sawirka ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha waa mid casri ah, rogman, oo weynaaday.

Haddii isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay ama isha ay ku jirto xaalad nasasho leh, sawirka shayga ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha waa masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn. Tani waxay dhacdaa haddii sawirka dhabta ah ee ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha oo loo arko inay tahay shay ay muraayadda indhaha ku aragto uu yahay barta dhexe ee muraayadda indhaha iyo barta dhexe ee muraayadda indhaha, sida ka muuqata sawirka kore. Dhererka teleskoobka = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ob) + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f_ok).
Waa la garanayaa :
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) = 100cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ok) = 8cm
La weydiiyay : Weyneynta laba-geesoodka ah ee isha aan la qabsan karin (ugu yaraan dejinta)
Jawab :
Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka:
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -100 cm / 8 cm
M = -12,5 jeer
Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirka ama sawirka ugu dambeeya ee ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha la rogo.
Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.

4. Jidka iftiinka marka la marayo nidaamka indhaha ee teleskoobka waxaa lagu muujiyay sawirka.
Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka kore, weyneynta sawirka isha iyada oo aan la waafajin waa…

A. 60 jeer
B. 50 jeer
C. 45 jeer
D. 40 jeer
E. 30 jeer

Dood
Waa la garanayaa :
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) = 200cm
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ok) = 5cm
La weydiiyay : Weyneynta sawirka ugu dambeeya ee isha aan la qabsan karin
Jawab :
Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka:
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -200 cm / 5 cm
M = -40 jeer
Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirku rogman yahay.
Jawaabta saxda ah waa D.

5. Fiiri sawirka waddada iftiinka iyada oo loo marayo teleskoobka soo socda!
Haddii masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (d) ay tahay 11 jibaar dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha, markaa weynaynta ay soo saarto teleskoobka isha iyada oo aan lahayn meel bannaan waa...
A. 10 jeer
B. 16 jeer
C. 21 jeer
D. 30 jeer
E. 50 jeer
Dood
Waa la garanayaa :
Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha = dhererka teleskoobka = 11 f_ok
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f)_ok) = f_ok
Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f)_ob) = dhererka teleskoobka - dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha = 11 f_ok - f_ok = 10 f_ok  
La weydiiyay : Weyneynta laba-geesoodka ah
Jawab :
M = -f_ob /f_ok
M = -10 f_ok /f_ok
M = -10 jeer
Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirku rogman yahay.
Jawaabta saxda ah waa A.

9. Sawirka fiiri!

Ballaarinta teleskoobka ee isha aan la qabsan karin iyadoo lagu saleynayo sawirka kore waa…

A. 14,5 jeer

B. 12,5 jeer

C. 11,5 jeer

D. 10,5 jeer

E. 9,5 jeer

Dood

Marka si toos ah loogu eego isha qaawan, walxaha fog waxay u muuqdaan kuwo aad u yar yar. Si si cad loogu arko walxaha fog, muraayadaha indhaha ama teleskoobyada ayaa la isticmaalaa. Shaqada muraayadaha indhaha waa inay weyneeyaan sawirka walxaha fog si si cad loogu arki karo isha qaawan.

Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka kore, muraayadaha indhaha waxay ka kooban yihiin laba muraayadood oo isku dheggan , oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan muraayadaha indhaha isku dheggan . Muraayadaha indhaha oo ka kooban laba muraayadood oo isku dheggan waa muraayadaha indhaha ee xiddigiska ah ama muraayadaha xiddigaha . Muraayadaha u dhow shayga waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda ujeeddada leh , muraayadda u dhow ishana waxaa loo yaqaan muraayadda indhaha . Muraayadaha indhaha waxay u shaqeeyaan inay soo saaraan sawir dhab ah halkaas oo sawirka dhabta ah loo arko inuu yahay shay muraayadda indhaha. Muraayadaha indhaha ayaa markaa weyneeya sawirka. Sawirka ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha waa mid casri ah, rogman, oo weynaaday.

Haddii isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay ama isha ay ku jirto xaalad nasasho leh markaa sawirka shayga ay soo saarto muraayadda indhaha waa masaafo aan dhammaad lahayn. Tani waxay dhacdaa haddii sawirka dhabta ah ee ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha oo loo arko inay tahay shay ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha, uu yahay barta dhexe ee muraayadda indhaha iyo barta dhexe ee muraayadda indhaha, sida ku cad sawirka kore. Dhererka teleskoobka = dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ob ) + dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ok ).

Waa la ogyahay in :

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh (f _ob ) = 100 cm

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ok ) = 8 cm

Su'aal : Weyneynta muraayadaha indhaha ee indhaha aan la qabsan karin (ugu yaraan waafajinta)

Jawaab :

Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka:

M = -f _ob / f _ok

M = -100 cm / 8 cm

M = -12,5 jeer

Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirka ama sawirka ugu dambeeya ee ay samaysay muraayadda indhaha la rogo.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.

7. Jidka iftiinka marka la marayo nidaamka indhaha ee teleskoobka ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka.

Iyada oo ku saleysan sawirka kore, weyneynta sawirka isha iyada oo aan la waafajin waa…

A. 60 jeer

B. 50 jeer

C. 45 jeer

D. 40 jeer

E. 30 jeer

Dood

Waa la ogyahay in :

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh (f _ob ) = 200 cm

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ok ) = 5 cm

Su'aal : Weyneynta sawirka ugu dambeeya ee isha aan la qabsan karin

Jawaab :

Wadarta weyneynta teleskoobka:

M = -f _ob / f _ok

M = -200 cm / 5 cm

M = -40 jeer

Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirku rogman yahay.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa D.

8. Fiiro gaar ah u yeelo sawirka waddada iftiinka iyada oo loo marayo teleskoobka soo socda!

Haddii masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (d) ay tahay 11 jibaar dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha, markaa weynaynta ay soo saarto teleskoobka isha iyada oo aan lahayn meel bannaan waa...

A. 10 jeer

B. 16 jeer

C. 21 jeer

D. 30 jeer

E. 50 jeer

Dood

Waa la ogyahay in :

Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha = dhererka teleskoobka = 11 f _ok

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ok ) = f _ok

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada (f _ob ) = dhererka teleskoobka - dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha = 11 f _ok - f _ok = 10 f _ok

La weydiiyay : Weyneynta teleskoobka

Jawaab :

M = -f _ob / f _ok

M = -10 f _ok / f _ok

M = -10 jeer

Calaamad taban macnaheedu waa in sawirku rogman yahay.

Jawaabta saxda ah waa A.

9. Jidka iftiinka marka la marayo nidaamka indhaha ee teleskoobka xiddigiska ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka.

Sawirkani wuxuu sheegayaa in….

Dood

Waa la ogyahay in:

Masaafada u dhaxaysa muraayadda ujeedka leh iyo muraayadda indhaha (l) = 126 cm

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda indhaha (f _ok ) = 6 cm

Dhererka diiradda ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh (f _ob ) = 120 cm

La weydiiyay: Weyneynta guud ee sawirka

Jawaab:

Sawirka kama dambaysta ah ee ku salaysan sawirka kore waa mid aad u fog. Haddii sawirka kama dambaysta ahi uu aad u fog yahay markaa isha ayaa ugu yaraan dejinaysa (indhuhu way dabacsan yihiin.

Qaacidada loogu talagalay weyneynta guud ee xagasha marka isha ay ugu yaraan ku habboon tahay waa:

M = m _ob M _ok

Sharaxaad: M = weynaynta guud ee xagasha, m _ob = weynaynta toosan ee muraayadda ujeeddada leh, M _ok = weynaynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha.

Shayga aad ayuu uga fog yahay muraayadda ujeeddada ah taasoo keentay in weyneynta toosan ay aad u yar tahay oo la iska indho tiro. Kaliya weyneynta xagasha ee ay leedahay muraayadda indhaha ayaa loo isticmaalaa xisaabinta. Qaacidda loogu talagalay weyneynta xagasha ee muraayadda indhaha waa:

Jawaabta saxda ah waa B.

Isha su'aasha:

Su'aalaha Imtixaanka Qaranka ee Fiisigiska ee Dugsiga Sare/Dugsiga Sare ee Xirfadda