Kugona Kubata Hove Munzvimbo Dzemahombekombe eIndonesia
Indonesia, senyika yakakura kwazvo pasi rose ine zvitsuwa zvinopfuura 17.000, ine mukana mukuru wekubata hove mugungwa uye mugungwa. Mvura yeIndonesia inofukidza makiromita angangoita mamiriyoni 3,25, inosanganisira makungwa, mvura yegungwa, uye Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Mhenderekedzo yayo yegungwa ine makiromita 81.000 inoita kuti ive yechipiri pakureba pasi rose mushure meCanada. Kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu uye nharaunda dzakaoma dziri munzvimbo idzi dzegungwa zvinopa mukana wakakura wekubata hove, izvo zvinobatsira zvikuru muhupfumi hwenyika.
Pendauluan
Kubata hove chikamu chakakosha muhupfumi hweIndonesia. Hakusi kungopa chikafu nemapuroteni chete munharaunda, asiwo kunoshanda semusana wenharaunda dziri kumahombekombe, vazhinji vavo vanovimba nemabasa ekubata hove. Uyezve, indasitiri yekubata hove inoita basa guru mukugadzira mabasa nekuwana mari yekunze kuburikidza nekutengesa zvigadzirwa zvekubata hove kunze kwenyika.
Zviwanikwa zveHove Zvinogona Kuwanikwa
Indonesia ine hove dzakawanda kwazvo. Hove dzinobatwa mumvura yeIndonesia dzakasiyana-siyana zvikuru, kubva kuhove diki dze pelagic dzakadai sesardines ne anchovies kusvika kuhove hombe dze pelagic dzakadai se tuna ne skipjack tuna. Hove dze demersal dzakadai se snapper ne grouper dzinokoshawo zvikuru.
Sekureva kwedata kubva kuMinistry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), mukana wekuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvekubata hove mumvura yeIndonesia unofungidzirwa kuva matani mamiriyoni 12,54 pagore. Pahuwandu uhu, mukana wekubata hove unochengetedza wakakamurwa kuita nzvimbo gumi neimwe dzekutarisira hove dzeRepublic of Indonesia (WPP NRI). WPP yega yega ine mhando dzakasiyana dzekubata hove uye zvinhu zvepamusoro, zvichiratidza kusiyana kwenzvimbo dzegungwa dzeIndonesia.
Kurima Hove
Kunze kwekuredza hove , Indonesia ine mukana wakakura mukuchengetwa kwehove. Kuchengetwa kwehove kunosanganisira mvura yakachena, mvura yemugungwa, uye kuchengetwa kwehove dzemugungwa. Nzvimbo dzayo dzakakura dzemahombekombe uye kuvapo kwenzvimbo dzemangrove nemakungwa egungwa zvinotsigira kukura kwekuchengetwa kwehove.
Zvinhu zvikuru zvinorimwa zvinosanganisira hove dzemumvura yakachena dzakadai setilapia necatfish, pamwe nehove dzemumvura dzakaita semilkfish, grouper, newhiteleg shrimp. Whiteleg shrimp, kunyanya, ihove inotungamira kune dzimwe nyika, ine misika mikuru iri muUnited States, Japan, neEuropean Union.
Nzvimbo dzeMahombekombe uye Kusiyana-siyana kweZvipenyu
Kubudirira kwechikamu chekubata hove kwakabatana zvikuru nehutano hwenzvimbo dziri mumahombekombe egungwa, kusanganisira minda yemango, makorari, nenzvimbo dzine uswa hwegungwa. Nzvimbo idzi dzinoita basa rakakosha senzvimbo dzekuberekera vana, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera vana, nenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza hove dzemarudzi akasiyana-siyana nezvimwe zvipenyu zvemugungwa.
Mangrove, anodzivirira mahombekombe kubva mukukukurwa kwevhu uye anopa nzvimbo yakakosha yekugara kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana ehove neshrimp, anoitawo basa mukuderedza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze nekunwa carbon dioxide. Makorari, pamusoro pekukwezva kushanya kwemugungwa, musha wezviuru zvemarudzi ehove nezvimwe zvipenyu zvemugungwa. Indonesia ine inenge 18% yemakorari epasi rose, akapararira munzvimbo yese yeCoral Triangle, pamwe chete nePhilippines, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste, neSolomon Islands.
Kuwedzera Kukosha & Kusiyanisa Zvigadzirwa
Kuti zvikwanisike kuwedzera kugona kwekubata hove, panodiwa kuedza kuwedzera kukosha kwezvigadzirwa zvekubata hove. Imwe nzira ndeyekusanganisa zvigadzirwa, zvakaita sekugadzira zvinhu zvakagadzirwa senge fillets, mafuta ehove, hupfu hwehove, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Tekinoroji yemazuva ano yekurongedza nekuchengetedza inogonawo kubatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwezvigadzirwa zvekubata hove, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kusvika kumisika yakakura, yemuno neyekunze kwenyika.
Matambudziko uye Mazano eKutarisira Kunogara Kwakagadzikana
Pasinei nekubudirira kwayo kukuru, chikamu chekubata hove muIndonesia chinotarisanawo nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Kubata hove zvakanyanya, kubata hove zvisiri pamutemo, kusina kutaurwa, uye kusina mutemo (IUU), uye kusvibiswa kwegungwa ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa.
Maitiro ekuchengetedza hove anoramba aripo anofanirwa kushandiswa kuchengetedza kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedzeka kwezviwanikwa zvehove. Hurumende yeIndonesia yakatora matanho akati wandei, anosanganisira:
1. Kutevedzwa kweMutemo: Kuwedzera kwekutarisa uye kusimbisa mutemo pamusoro pemaitiro ekubata hove eIUU. Bazi reMarine Affairs neHove rakatora matanho akasimba nekunyudza ngarava dzekunze dzakabatwa dzichibata hove zvisiri pamutemo mumvura dzeIndonesia.
2. Mutemo weKubata Hove: Shandisai hurongwa hwekubata hove zvinoenderana nekwaniso inoenderera mberi uye kugona kweWPP yega yega kudzivirira kubata hove zvakanyanya.
3. Kuvandudza Tekinoroji neKugona Kwevashandi: Kuvandudza tekinoroji yekubata hove nekurima hove nekudzidziswa kwevabati vehove nevarimi vehove kuti vawedzere kugona kubata hove uye mhando yekubata hove.
4. Kuchengetedza Nzvimbo Dzinogara Mumahombekombe: Kusimbisa zvirongwa zvekugadziriswa kwenzvimbo dzemakunguo nematombo ekorari, pamwe nekusimbisa nharaunda dziri mumahombekombe mukuedza kuchengetedza nzvimbo.
5. Kusiyanisa Mabhizinesi: Kurudzira kusiyanisa mabhizinesi enharaunda dziri kumahombekombe kuderedza kuvimba zvachose nekubata hove, senge kuburikidza nekurima hove nekugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvekuredza.
Tarisiro Yeramangwana
Zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwayo kukuru, chikamu chekubata hove muIndonesia chinopa mikana yakanaka yeramangwana. Nekutarisira kwakasimba, hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji, uye kusiyanisa zvigadzirwa, chikamu ichi chicharamba chichiita mipiro mikuru kuhupfumi hwenyika uye kugara zvakanaka kwenharaunda dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Hurumende, vadzidzi, mabhizinesi, nenharaunda dzinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuona kuti zviwanikwa izvi zvinoshandiswa nekuchenjera uye nenzira inochengetedza nharaunda . Kushandira pamwe kwedunhu nenyika dzepasi rose kunofanirawo kusimbiswa kuti kugadziriswe nyaya dzepasi rose dzakadai sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kubata hove dzeIUU.
Nekuzvipira kwakakodzera uye hurongwa hwakakodzera, mukana mukuru wekubata hove munzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe eIndonesia unogona kuwedzerwa kuti zvibatsire vanhu vese vekuIndonesia, ukuwo zvichichengetedza zvisikwa zvezvizvarwa zvinotevera.
