Kushandiswa kweMutemo weKubata Hove Zvakanaka
Pendauluan
Kubata hove chikamu chakakosha kunyika dzakawanda, kunyanya idzo dzine nzvimbo dzakakura dzegungwa dzakadai seIndonesia. Munyika dzine zvipenyu zvakawanda zvegungwa, chikamu ichi hachingoshandi chete semusana wehupfumi hwemisha iri kumahombekombe asiwo chinobatsira zvikuru mukuwana mari yenyika uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Pasi rose, kubata hove kunosangana nematambudziko makuru akadai sekubatwa hove zvakanyanya, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye kuparadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nokudaro, kushandisa mitemo yekubata hove zvakaenzana kwakakosha kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvegungwa uye kuona kuti vanhu vese vane chekuita nazvo vari kugara zvakanaka uye zvakaenzana, kunyanya vabati vehove.
Mutemo weKubata Hove muIndonesia
Indonesia yakaisa mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekutarisira chikamu chayo chekubata hove. Mimwe mitemo mikuru inosanganisira Mutemo Nhamba 31 wegore ra2004 une chekuita neHove, uyo wakagadziriswa neMutemo Nhamba 45 wegore ra2009, pamwe nemitemo yakasiyana-siyana inobva kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Mitemo iyi ine chinangwa chekutonga nekugadzirisa zviwanikwa zvehove kuti pave nekuchengetedzwa kwakanaka uye kururamisira.
Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwemitemo yakarurama hakungogumiri pakuumbwa kwemitemo yakazara, asiwo kuti mitemo iyi inozadziswa sei mumunda.
Matambudziko muKushandiswa kweMutemo
1. Kubata Hove Zvakawandisa uye Kubata Hove Zvisiri Pamutemo
Hazvigone kurambwa kuti kubata hove zvisiri pamutemo, zvisina kutaurwa, uye zvisina kudzorwa (IUU) kana kubata hove Kubata hove zvisiri pamutemo, zvisina mutemo, uye zvisina kutaurwa nezvazvo ndeimwe yenjodzi huru kuchikamu chekubata hove. Izvi hazvingokuvadzi chete nharaunda dzemugungwa asiwo zvinokuvadza vabati vehove vadiki vanovimba nazvo. resource Zvakafanana. Kushandiswa kwemutemo unoshanda wekurwisa kubata hove kweIUU kunoda kushandira pamwe pakati pemapato akasiyana-siyana uye kuwedzera kuongororwa kwegungwa.
2. Kugara zvakanaka kweVabati vehove
Munzvimbo iyi, varedzi vehove vekare ndivo vanowanzova vanhu vasina simba. Vanovimba zvizere nehove dzavanobata zuva nezuva vasina vimbiso yekuwana mari inoenderera mberi. Kunyange zvazvo paine mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yakagadzirwa yekuvandudza hutano hwevaredzi vehove, chokwadi ndechekuti vazhinji vachiri kurarama pasi pemutsara weurombo.
3. Kuchinja Kwemamiriro Ekunze
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha zvakaenzana kune nharaunda kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, uko kunokanganisa maitiro ekufamba kwehove uye kukonzera kuparara kwenzvimbo dzakadai semakorari nemiti yemumango. Mitemo yekubata hove yakaenzana inofanirwa kupindura shanduko idzi nekupa rubatsiro uye mamwe matekinoroji kune vabati vehove.
Mienzaniso yeKushandiswa kweMutemo Wakarurama
1. Kutarisirwa Kwakabatana
Imwe nzira yatove kushandiswa munyika dzinoverengeka inzira yekutarisa yakabatana. MuIndonesia, tekinoroji yekutarisa ngarava uye mabhuku ekunyora nezvekuredza ari kushandiswa kuona kuti marudzi ese ekubata hove anotaurwa nemazvo. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo kushandiswa kwemadrone netekinoroji yesatellite kuongorora mashandiro engarava dzekuredza mugungwa.
2. Kudzidziswa kweVabati vehove uye Zvitupa
Kuvaka hunyanzvi hwevabati vehove kuburikidza nekudzidziswa uye zvitupa idanho rakakosha mukusimudzira nzira dzekubata hove dzinogara kwenguva refu. Kudzidziswa uku kunosanganisira kuunzwa kwetekinoroji yekubata hove isingakuvadzi nharaunda, manejimendi ebhizinesi rekubata hove, uye ruzivo rwemitemo nemaitiro.
3. Kuvandudzwa kweMamiriro Ezvinhu Egungwa
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kuedza kuvandudza nharaunda yegungwa, zvakaita se coral reef uye kugadzirisa mangrove, kwave chinhu chakakosha mumutemo wekubata hove. Izvi hazvingogadzirisi chete nharaunda yegungwa asiwo zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwekubata hove mune ramangwana.
4. Makambani eVabati vehove uye Kuwana Mari
Kugadzira masangano ekubatsira vabati vehove kunogona kuva mhinduro yekuvandudza hutano hwevanhu. Kuburikidza nemasangano ekubatsira vabati vehove, vabati vehove vanogona kuwana mukana uri nani wekuwana zvishandiso zvekuredza, ruzivo rwemusika, uye mapurogiramu emari. Nekuvapo kwemakambani ekubatsirana, simba revabati vehove rekutaurirana rinowedzerawo pakusarudza mutengo wehove dzavo.
5. Kujeka uye Kutora Chikamu Cheveruzhinji
Mitemo yakarurama haingobvi kuhurumende chete; inofanirawo kusanganisira kubatanidzwa kweveruzhinji. Nenzira dzekutaurirana dzakavhurika uye kubatanidzwa kweveruzhinji, mitemo yekubata hove inogona kupindura zviri nani zvinodiwa nezvinodiwa nevabati vehove nedzimwe nzvimbo dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa.
Chidzidzo Chenyaya: Kuitwa Kwechirongwa Munzvimbo Dzakasiyana-siyana
1. West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB)
NTB yave kushandisa mutemo wekurambidza nzvimbo dzekuredza dzezvikepe zvikuru kuchengetedza vabati vehove vekare. Nzvimbo iri 0-4 mamaira kubva kumahombekombe yakatsaurirwa vabati vehove vadiki, nepo zvikepe zvikuru zvichingobvumidzwa kushanda kunze kwenzvimbo iyi. Izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera kwekubata hove dzevabati vehove vekare uye kudzikira kwekusawirirana mugungwa.
2. Kuchamhembe kweSulawesi
Senzvimbo ine mvura yakawanda, North Sulawesi yakaisa nzira dzekusimudzira vabati vehove kuburikidza nechirongwa cheEAFM (Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management). Chirongwa ichi hachina kungotarisa chete panyaya dzehupfumi asiwo kuchengetedza nharaunda dzinopa raramo yevabati vehove.
Mabhenefiti eMutemo weKubata Hove Wakarurama
1. Kugara kwenguva refu kwezvakatipoteredza
Nekuderedza kubata hove zvakanyanya uye kukurudzira nzira dzekubata hove dzinogara kwenguva refu, mutemo uyu unobatsira kuchengetedza kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza gungwa.
2. Kuvandudza Hutano Hwevanhu Nehupfumi hweVabati vehove
Mitemo inokurudzira kubatanidzwa kwevabati vehove, mukana wekuwana mari, uye matekinoroji ekubata hove anoshanda zvakanaka zvinogona kuvandudza mari yavo nekugara zvakanaka.
3. Kudzivirira Kusawirirana
Nemitemo yakajeka uye kutarisirwa kwakasimba, mutemo uyu unogona kudzivirira kusawirirana pakati pevabati vehove uye pakati pevabati vehove nevamwe vakaita semakambani makuru ekubata hove.
4. Kuchengetedzeka Kwezvekudya
Zviwanikwa zvehove zvinotarisirwa zvakanaka zvichaita kuti hove dzibatike zvakanaka uye dzigare kwenguva refu, nokudaro zvichitsigira kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu munyika.
Mhedziso
Kuisa mitemo yekubata hove zvakaenzana kunoda nzira yakazara uye yakabatana, inosanganisira vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vane chekuita nazvo, kubva kuhurumende nevabati vehove kusvika kune veruzhinji. Matambudziko aripo, kubva pakubata hove zvakanyanya kusvika pakuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, anoda mhinduro itsva uye dzinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Kuburikidza nekutarisa kwakabatana, kudzidziswa kwevabati vehove uye zvitupa, kuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvegungwa, uye pachena uye kutora chikamu kweveruzhinji, mitemo yakaenzana inogona kuzadzikiswa. Izvi hazvingovimbisi chete kuti zviwanikwa zvegungwa zvinogara kwenguva refu asiwo zvinovandudza hutano hwevabati vehove nenharaunda dziri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa. Saka, chikamu chehove hachizongorambi chiri musimboti wehupfumi chete asiwo chinoratidza misimboti yekururamisira munharaunda uye nharaunda.
