Maitiro Ekuongorora Mari Inoshandiswa
Chirevo chemari chinoshandiswa nemakambani matatu makuru kuti vaongorore mamiriro avo emari. Mamwe maviri ndiwo bhajeti remari uye chirevo chemari inowanikwa. Chirevo chemari chinoratidza kuti kambani inotarisira sei mari yayo inopinda uye inobuda munguva yakatarwa. Kuongorora chirevo chemari kwakakosha pakunzwisisa hutano hwemari hwekambani, kuona matambudziko angangoitika, uye kuita sarudzo dzakakosha.
Kufamba kwemari kwakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: kufamba kwemari kubva mumabasa ekushanda, kufamba kwemari kubva mumabasa ekudyara, uye kufamba kwemari kubva mumabasa emari. Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura kuti tingaongorora sei chikamu chimwe nechimwe chechirevo chemari uye kuti kududzira ruzivo urwu kunogona kubatsira sei pakuita sarudzo.
1. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekushanda
Mari inobuda mumabasa ekushanda inosanganisira mari yose inobuda mumabasa ekushanda ekambani, akadai sekutengesa zvigadzirwa nemasevhisi , pamwe nekubhadhara zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakushanda. Zvinhu zvakati wandei zvekufunga nezvazvo pakuongorora mari inobuda mumabasa ekushanda zvinosanganisira:
- Mupiro weMari Inopinda:
Funga nezvezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sekutengesa, mari yekushandisa, uye shanduko yemari yekushanda. Zvakanaka kuti kambani iwane mari yakakwana kubva mumabasa ayo kuti ikwanise kubhadhara mari yekushanda uye kubhadhara mari yayo yekushanda pasina kuvimba nemari yekunze.
- Musiyano neNet Profit:
Enzanisa mari inobuda mumabasa nemari inowanikwa mubhizinesi yakataurwa pamari inowanikwa. Izvi zviviri hazviwanzo fanana nekuti mari inowanikwa inosanganisira zvinhu zvisiri mari zvakaita sekuderera kwemitengo uye kubhadharwa kwemari. Kana paine musiyano wakakura, tsvaga chikonzero. Musiyano mukuru unogona kuratidza kuti kambani iri kushandisa mari yayo nesimba kana kuti iri kusangana nematambudziko ekuunganidza mari inowanikwa kana kutarisira zvinhu zviri mubhizinesi.
- Mafambiro Emari:
Ongorora mafambiro emari kubva mumabasa kwenguva yakati wandei. Maitiro anogara achienderera mberi kana ari kuwedzera anoratidza kugona kwekambani kuwana mari kubva mumabasa ayo. Kusiyana neizvi, maitiro ekuderera anogona kuva chiratidzo chekudzikira kwebasa rekambani.
2. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekudyara Mari
Kufamba kwemari kubva mumabasa ekudyara mari kunosanganisira kutenga nekutengesa zvinhu zvisingachinji zvakaita sepfuma, mafekitori, nemidziyo, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinodyarwa mari kwenguva refu . Kuongorora kufamba kwemari kubva mumabasa ekudyara mari kwakakosha kuti tinzwisise kuti kambani inogovanisa sei zviwanikwa zvayo pakati pekudyara mari kuti ikure mune ramangwana uye kuchengetedza zvinhu zviripo. Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira:
- Mari Inoshandiswa Pakuvaka:
Taura mari inoshandiswa pakushandisa mari. Mari yakawanda inogona kuratidza kuti kambani iri kuisa mari mukukura kana kuchengetedza midziyo kuti irambe iripo. nguva refuZvisinei, kushandisa mari yakawanda kunodawo ongororo yakawedzerwa kuti zvionekwe kana zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekambani uye kugona kwayo.
- Kutengesa Zvinhu:
Tarisa kutengeserana kwezviwanikwa zvakagadziriswa. Kutengesa zvinhu zvakagadziriswa kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekuti kambani iri kugadzirisa zvinhu kana kuti iri mumatambudziko emari. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu ari shure kwekutengesa uku.
- Zvimwe Zvekudyara Mari:
Kuongororwa kwemari inodyarwa mune mamwe makambani, zvibatiso, kana mamwe mapurojekiti. Mari iyi inogona kuratidza kuti kambani inopa sei mari yayo yakawandisa. Sarudzo dzakanaka dzekudyara dzinogona kuwedzera kukosha kwevane masheya, nepo mari isina kunaka inogona kukuvadza kambani. nguva refu.
3. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekubhadhara Mari
Mari inoyerera kubva mumabasa emari (Financing Cash Flow) inosanganisira kutengeserana kwese kunokanganisa mari yekambani, kusanganisira kuburitsa kana kutengazve migove, kuburitsa kana kubhadhara chikwereti, uye kubhadhara migove. Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira:
- Mari Yechikwereti:
Tsvaga chero chikwereti chakapihwa kana kubhadharwa. Kuwedzera kwechikwereti kunogona kuratidza kudiwa kwemari yekuwedzera yekushanda kana yekudyara, nepo kubhadharwa kwechikwereti kunogona kuratidza kudzikira kwemutoro wechikwereti chekambani. Ongorora kana shanduko idzi dzichienderana nehurongwa hwekambani nemamiriro emusika.
- Goverana Kutengazve:
Kutengazve migove kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekuti kambani ine chivimbo mune ramangwana rayo uye inoda kuwedzera kukosha kwevane migove. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti kambani haikanganisi mari inoshandiswa kana mari inodyarwa inodiwa kuti ikure kwenguva refu.
- Kubhadhara migove:
Teererai kubhadhara migove kune vane masheya. Kugara kuripo kana kuwedzera migove kunoratidza kugadzikana kwekambani uye chivimbo mune ramangwana remari yayo. Zvisinei, kubhadhara migove zvakanyanya kunogona kuderedza mari inowanikwa yekudyara.
4. Kuongorora Kwakazara
Mushure mekuongorora chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemari inoyerera chakasiyana, danho rinotevera nderekuita ongororo yakazara. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuenzanisa mari inoyerera kubva mukushanda, kuisa mari, uye mari. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira:
- Mari Yakaenzana Nemari:
Iva nechokwadi chekuti kambani ine mari yakakwana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kufamba kwemari inoshanda kwakakwana kubhadhara mari inoshandiswa mubhizinesi nemari inowanikwa kubva kumakambani, ukuwo uchipa mari yakawandisa yekudyara nekubhadhara zvikwereti.
- Mari Inogara Yakanaka:
Kambani ine hutano hwakanaka hwemari inowanzova nemafambiro akanaka emari inoshanda. Kana kambani ikaramba ichiona mafambiro asina kunaka emari inoshanda, izvi zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chedambudziko guru mubhizinesi rayo.
- Chiyero cheMari Inoshandiswa:
Shandisa zviyero zvemari inoyerera zvakaita sechiyero chemari inoyerera kubva kumari inoshanda kuenda kuchikwereti chenguva refu uye chiyero chemari inoyerera kubva kumari inoshandiswa kuenda kumari inoshandiswa kuti uongorore kugara zvakanaka kwemari kwekambani.
5. Chidzidzo Chenyaya
Kuti tinzwisise zvakadzama, ngatitarisei nyaya yekufungidzira: ABC Company.
Chirevo Chemari Yekambani yeABC:
Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekushanda:
– Kutengesa kwese: $1.000.000
- Muripo wemari yekushandisa: $600.000
- Shanduko yemari yekushanda: +$50.000
Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekudyara:
- Kutenga zvinhu zvisingachinjiki: $200.000
- Kudyara mari mune mamwe makambani: $100.000
- Kutengeswa kwezvinhu: $50.000
Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekubhadhara Mari:
- Kuburitswa kwechikwereti: $150.000
- Kubhadhara chikwereti: $100.000
- Kubhadhara chikamu chemari: $30.000
Kuongorora Nyaya Yenyaya:
1. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekushanda:
Kambani yeABC yakaratidza kufamba zvakanaka kwemari yekushanda inosvika $450.000. Izvi zvinoratidza kugona kwekambani kuwana mari kubva mukushanda kwezuva nezuva.
2. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekudyara:
Mari yose iri kubhadharwa ne investment i$250.000 ($200.000 + $100.000 – $50.000). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kambani iri kuisa mari mukukura nekuchengetedza midziyo.
3. Mari Inobva Mumabasa Ekubhadhara Mari:
Kambani iyi yakakwereta mari inosvika $50.000 ($150.000 - $100.000) uye yakabhadhara migove ye $30.000. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kambani iyi yakashandisa mari yekunze kutsigira mari dzayo.
Kazhinji, Kambani yeABC inoita kunge ine hutano hwakanaka hwemari nekukwanisa kubhadhara mari yekushandisa, kuisa mari muzvinhu, uye kubhadhara zvikwereti nemari inowanikwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika pasinei nekuti inoda mari yekunze.
Mhedziso
Kuongorora gwaro remari inyanzvi yakakosha kune vatungamiriri, vanoisa mari, uye vanoongorora zvemari kuti vanzwisise hutano hwemari yekambani. Nekupatsanura ongororo iyi muzvikamu zvitatu zvikuru uye kufunga nezvemipiro yemunhu mumwe nemumwe uye mafambiro ese, unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama rwekuti kambani inogadzira sei uye inoshandisa sei mari yayo. Kuwana kunzwisisa uku kunogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo dziri nani dzebhizinesi uye kugadzirisa njodzi dzemari zvinobudirira.
