Momwe Mungapangire Smartphone Yokhala ndi Zinthu za Infrared
Ma blasters a infrared (IR) anali ofala kwambiri pa mafoni ena, makamaka chifukwa cha momwe amagwirira ntchito: kulamulira ma TV, ma air conditioner, ma projector, ndi zida zina zamagetsi monga remote ya universal. Komabe, m'nthawi yamakono, mafoni ambiri a m'manja sanagwiritse ntchito ma blasters a IR chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, mtengo wake, komanso njira zochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito ma IR. Ngakhale zili choncho, kufunikira kwa ma blasters a infrared kukupitirirabe—makamaka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni awo ngati owongolera zida zapakhomo.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe "mungapangire foni yam'manja yolumikizidwa ndi infrared" m'njira ziwiri: (1) kuwonjezera mphamvu za infrared ku foni yam'manja yomwe ilipo kale (njira yeniyeni), ndi (2) chidule chaukadaulo ngati mukufuna kupanga chipangizo cha foni yam'manja chomwe chili kale ndi IR blaster (chovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimangochitika ndi opanga/mainjiniya a hardware). Dziwani: kuwonjezera zida zamkati ku foni yam'manja yamakono ndi kovuta kwambiri komanso koopsa kwambiri, kotero zosankha zakunja ndizoyenera kwambiri.
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1. Kumvetsetsa Zoyambira za Infrared pa Mafoni Anzeru
Mbali ya infrared pa mafoni nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mitundu iwiri:
1. IR Blaster (chotumiza)
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza zizindikiro za IR ku zipangizo zina (monga ma TV/AC). Izi ndi zomwe anthu nthawi zambiri amatanthauza akamanena kuti "mafoni a m'manja ali ndi infrared."
2. Cholandirira cha IR (cholandirira)
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polandira ma IR signals kuchokera ku ma remote controls kapena masensa ena. Sizichitika kawirikawiri pa mafoni akuluakulu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku (TV/AC remote) kumafuna IR blaster, osati receiver.
Chojambulira cha IR chimagwira ntchito potulutsa kuwala kwa infrared kowala pafupipafupi inayake (mwachitsanzo, 38 kHz yodziwika bwino pa ma remote a TV), yokhala ndi mawonekedwe a "code" omwe chipangizocho chikumvetsetsa. Chifukwa chake, chimafunikira:
- LED ya infrared (IR LED) ngati chotumizira
- Dalaivala wa dera kuti apange ma pulse
- Mapulogalamu/pulogalamu yosankha khodi yakutali (protocol ya IR)
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2. Njira Yosavuta Kwambiri: Kuonjezera Infrared ndi Chowonjezera Chakunja
Ngati cholinga chanu ndi kupanga foni yanu ya m'manja kukhala yolumikizirana ndi kompyuta, iyi ndi njira yanzeru kwambiri, yotsika mtengo, komanso yotetezeka.
A. Gwiritsani ntchito IR Blaster USB-C Port (kapena Lightning ya iPhone)
Pali ma dongle ambiri a IR omwe alipo masiku ano omwe amalumikizana ndi:
– USB-C (Android)
– Mphezi (iPhone)
- Palinso ma Bluetooth, koma USB nthawi zambiri imakhala yokhazikika komanso yogwira ntchito bwino.
Zochulukira:
- Popanda kuwononga foni yam'manja
- Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitundu yambiri
- Kawirikawiri pali kale pulogalamu yogwirizana nayo
Kukonzekera:
- Muyenera kubweretsa dongle yaying'ono
– Nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito dongle kosatha kumakhala kosakwanira.
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito:
1. Gulani dongle ya IR yomwe imagwirizana ndi doko la foni yanu.
2. Ikani pulogalamu yogwirizana ndi wopanga ma dongle.
3. Sankhani mtundu wa chipangizo (TV/AC/STB/pulojekitala).
4. Chitani njira yosankha ma pairing/code: nthawi zambiri pulogalamuyo imayesa ma code angapo mpaka chipangizocho chitayankha.
5. Sungani mbiri yakutali kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthawi iliyonse.
B. Gwiritsani ntchito Bluetooth/Wi‑Fi IR Blaster (Smart IR Hub)
Iyi si "IR mu foni yam'manja", koma foni yam'manja imalamulira hub yomwe imatulutsa IR.
Zochulukira:
- Kuchuluka kwa malo (kulamulira kutali kudzera pa Wi-Fi)
- Imatha kuwongolera zida zingapo mchipinda chimodzi
- Nthawi zambiri imathandizira zochita zokha (kukonzekera nthawi, kuphatikiza nyumba mwanzeru)
Kukonzekera:
- Mukufuna magetsi/adaputala
- Sizinyamulika ngati dongle
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito:
1. Ikani hub mu chipinda chomwe "chimawona" chipangizo chomwe chikufunidwa (TV/AC).
2. Lumikizani ku Wi-Fi, kenako gwirizanitsani ndi pulogalamuyi.
3. Onjezani chipangizocho ndikusankha khodi ya IR.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito foni yanu yam'manja ngati remote kudzera mu pulogalamuyi.
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3. Njira Yosagwiritsa Ntchito Kanthu: Kupanga "Smartphone ya IR" ndi DIY Dongle
Ngati mumakonda mapulojekiti a zamagetsi, mutha kupanga ma IR dongle anu, ngakhale kuti amafunika kumvetsetsa bwino ma microcontrollers.
Zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
- Kachipangizo kakang'ono ka microcontroller (monga ESP32, Arduino kakang'ono, kapena kofanana nako)
– Kuwala kwa LED (940nm wamba)
- Choyendetsa cha transistor (chowonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi ku IR LED)
- Zotsutsa, PCB yaying'ono, ndi chivundikiro
- Kulumikizana ndi foni yam'manja (USB-C ndi gawo loyenera, kapena kudzera pa Bluetooth)
Lingaliro logwira ntchito:
– Foni yam'manja imatumiza malamulo (monga “batani lamphamvu la TV”) ku microcontroller kudzera pa serial/Bluetooth.
- Microcontroller imapanga zizindikiro za IR malinga ndi protocol (NEC, RC5, ndi zina zotero).
- IR LED imatulutsa chizindikiro ku chipangizocho.
Zolemba Zofunika:
Kupanga dongle ya USB-C yomwe imadziwika mwachindunji ndi foni yanu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha njira ya USB ndi kukambirana kwa mphamvu zomwe zimakhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri odzipangira okha amasankha njira yosavuta ya Bluetooth: foni yam'manja → Bluetooth → microcontroller → IR.
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4. Ngati Mukufunadi Kupanga Smartphone ndi IR Kuyambira Pachiyambi
Gawoli ndi lanzeru—kupanga foni yam'manja ndi ntchito yaikulu, monga kupanga kompyuta yaying'ono yokhala ndi wailesi yam'manja, chiwonetsero, batire, kamera, ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Koma ngati cholinga chanu chili pa "momwe mungawonjezere IR blaster pa kapangidwe ka foni yam'manja," nayi chidule chaukadaulo.
A. Zipangizo zofunika
1. IR LED ndi dalaivala
- IR LED 940nm (yodziwika bwino pa ma remote)
- Choyendetsa cha Transistor/MOSFET kuti LED itulutse kuwala kwamphamvu (nthawi zambiri remote imafuna mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri)
- Malamulo apano ndi chitetezo cha kutentha
2. Kulamulira kwa kugunda kwa mtima
– Foni yam'manja ya SoC (System-on-Chip) imafunika kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chonyamulira (nthawi zambiri 38 kHz)
- Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) ndi kusintha kwa data pamwamba pake
3. Malo enieni
– IR LED iyenera kukhala ndi "zenera" mu chimango cha foni lomwe limalola infrared kudutsa.
- Malo abwino kwambiri pamwamba kuti TV/AC ikhale yosavuta kuwatsogolera
4. Kusamalira mphamvu
– Ma LED a IR amatha kukoka mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri akamatulutsa kuwala.
- Iyenera kupangidwa kuti isasokoneze kukhazikika kwa magetsi komanso kuti isawononge batri
B. Firmware ndi mapulogalamu
1. Madalaivala a Kernel/HAL (Android)
- Kuti pulogalamuyo "ipemphe" kutumiza kwa IR
- Pa Android, mapulogalamu akale anali otchuka kale (consumer IR), koma chithandizo chimadalira wogulitsa/ROM
2. Dongosolo la ma khodi a IR
- Makhodi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida (TV, AC, ndi zina zotero)
- Mungagwiritse ntchito malaibulale otseguka kapena ma database amalonda
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito patali
- UI yosankha chipangizo
- Mbali yophunzirira ma code (ngati pali IR receiver), schedule, macro (monga "Watch Mode": TV ON, set-top box ON, voliyumu 15)
C. Vuto lalikulu
– Malamulo ndi satifiketi: mafoni a m'manja ayenera kupambana chitetezo, utsi woipa, mayeso okhudzana ndi kugwirizanitsa magetsi, ndi satifiketi yolumikizirana ndi mafoni.
- Kuphatikiza dongosolo: kuwonjezera gawo limodzi laling'ono (IR) kungakhudze antenna, kapangidwe ka chimango, kuletsa madzi kulowa, ndi kapangidwe ka PCB.
- Ndalama zopangira ndi unyolo wogulira: opanga amaganizira za ROI; IR nthawi zambiri imaonedwa ngati chinthu chapadera.
Chifukwa chake, kwa anthu paokha kapena magulu ang'onoang'ono, njira yeniyeni ndiyo kupanga chowonjezera kapena kusankha foni yam'manja yomwe ili kale ndi IR.
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5. Njira Yothandiza: Sankhani Foni Yam'manja Yomwe Ili Ndi Infrared Kale
Ngati simunagule foni ndipo IR ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, njira yosavuta ndiyo kusankha mtundu womwe uli ndi IR blaster kuchokera kwa wopanga. Mafoni ena akhala akuphatikizapo IR blaster. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi pulogalamu yowongolera kutali yopangidwa bwino.
Malangizo posankha:
– Onetsetsani kuti zofunikirazo zikutchula “IR blaster” (osati “IR face sensor”).
- Yang'anani ndemanga: kodi IR ndi yolimba ndipo imagwirizana ndi zida zambiri.
- Samalani ndi malo a IR (pamwamba/pansi pa chimango), chifukwa zimakhudza chitonthozo.
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6. Malangizo Othandizira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Infrared Pa Mafoni Anu
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino IR, nayi malangizo othandiza:
1. Lozani mwachindunji pa chipangizocho: IR imafuna mzere wowonera (mosiyana ndi Bluetooth/Wi‑Fi).
2. Gwiritsani ntchito mtunda woyenera: mamita 2–8 nthawi zambiri amakhala abwino kutengera mphamvu ya IR LED.
3. Sungani ma profiles angapo: mwachitsanzo “Living Room TV”, “Room AC”, “Office Projector”.
4. Pangani macro: ngati pulogalamuyo ikuchirikiza, phatikizani malamulo angapo nthawi imodzi.
5. Ganizirani za malo olumikizirana ndi ma IR a m'nyumba: ngati mukufuna kulamulira kuchokera m'zipinda zina kapena makina odziyimira pawokha.
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Mapeto
Njira yeniyeni yopangira "foni yam'manja yolumikizidwa ndi infrared" ndikuwonjezera infrared kudzera mu chowonjezera chakunja, monga USB-C/Lightning dongle kapena Wi-Fi/Bluetooth-based IR hub. Njirayi ndi yotetezeka, yotsika mtengo, ndipo siiwononga chipangizocho. Ngati mukufuna kuchita DIY, mutha kupanga chotumizira cha IR chozikidwa pa microcontroller cholamulidwa kuchokera ku foni yanu yam'manja kudzera pa Bluetooth. Kupanga foni yam'manja kuyambira pachiyambi ndi IR blaster kumaphatikizapo kapangidwe ka hardware kovuta, madalaivala a mapulogalamu, satifiketi, ndi kuphatikiza - nthawi zambiri chigawo cha opanga.
Ngati mundiuza mtundu wa foni yam'manja yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito (Android/iPhone, mtundu) ndi cholinga chachikulu cha IR yake (TV, AC, kapena chipangizo china), ndingakulimbikitseni njira yoyenera kwambiri pamodzi ndi njira zina zapadera za chipangizocho ndi njira zokhazikitsira.
