Momwe Mungakonzere Ma Dim Lights
Magetsi ofooka nthawi zambiri amaonedwa ngati vuto laling'ono, koma kwenikweni akhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto la magetsi, zida zowunikira, kapena kukhazikitsa nyumba. Kupatula kupangitsa chipinda kukhala chosasangalatsa, magetsi ofooka amatha kufupikitsa nthawi ya babu, kuwononga zida zamagetsi, komanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha ma circuit afupi ngati chifukwa chake ndi kulumikizana kosakhazikika kapena mawaya olakwika. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe mungakonzere magetsi ofooka pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zosavuta ndikutha ndi zizindikiro za kuwonongeka komwe kumafunikira thandizo la akatswiri.
1. Dziwani zizindikiro za kuwala kofooka
Musanachotse kapena kusintha chilichonse, samalani ndi momwe kuwala kumaonekera. Kodi kuwalako kwakhala kukuchepa nthawi zonse kuyambira pamene kunayatsidwa? Kodi kukuchepa nthawi zina zokha? Kodi kufookako kumabwera chifukwa cha kuwala kowala? Kodi vutolo likukhudza nyali imodzi yokha, kapena likukhudza chipinda chonse kapena nyumba yonse? Kuyankha mafunso awa kungathandize kuchepetsa chifukwa chake.
- Kuchepa kwa kuwala kamodzi nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi babu, kuyika, swichi, kapena kulumikizana ndi malo owala.
– Kuchepetsa magetsi angapo nthawi imodzi kungasonyeze vuto la magetsi a chipindacho, MCB panel, kapena PLN supply.
– Kuchepa kwa kuwala kwa magetsi pamene zipangizo zina zikuyaka (monga AC, pampu yamadzi, firiji) nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu yaikulu yamagetsi yomwe imayambitsa kutsika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kwakanthawi, kapena kukhazikitsa kwake sikuli bwino.
2. Onetsetsani kuti mphamvu ndi mtundu wa nyali ndi zoyenera.
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito nyali yomwe sikugwirizana ndi zomwe zida kapena gwero lamagetsi limafotokoza.
1. Chongani mtundu wa babu: LED, CFL, kapena incandescent. Ma LED ndi ofunikira kwambiri pa khalidwe la dalaivala komanso mphamvu yamagetsi.
2. Yang'anani mphamvu ya magetsi ndi ma lumens: Kuwala komwe kumaoneka ngati "kochepa" kungakhale chifukwa cha ma lumens ochepa. Anthu ambiri amasintha mababu a incandescent a 60W ndi ma LED a 5W, omwe amakhala ndi ma lumens ochepa kwambiri m'chipindamo. Ponena za malo, LED ya 9–12W nthawi zambiri imakhala yowala ngati incandescent ya 60W (kutengera mtundu wake).
3. Yang'anani mphamvu ya magetsi yogwirira ntchito: Ma LED ena otsika mtengo sakhazikika bwino pa mphamvu ya magetsi yochepa. Onetsetsani kuti nyaliyo ili ndi chizindikiro cha 220–240V ndipo ili ndi dalaivala wabwino.
Ngati mutasintha babu ndi mtundu woyenera ndi ma lumens, vuto lathetsedwa, ndiye kuti chifukwa chake si kuyika, koma kusankha nyali.
3. Yesani babu poisuntha kupita kwina.
Njira zosavuta koma zothandiza:
– Chotsani babu pamalo ofooka.
- Ikani babu pamalo ena abwinobwino a nyali.
- Ikani babu lina labwinobwino pamalo omwe kale anali ofooka.
Kutanthauzira zotsatira:
– Ngati babu silinazime pamalo ena, babuyo ndi lolakwika (choyendetsa cha LED chawonongeka, phosphor yatha, kapena zigawo zamkati zafooka).
- Ngati babu lolowa m'malo mwake lazimitsanso pamalo omwewo, vuto limakhala ndi kulumikizana, switch, waya, kapena magetsi ofikira pamalowo.
4. Yang'anani zolumikizira magetsi ndi zolumikizira zotayirira.
Zolumikizira zotayirira kapena zodzimbiri (zogwirira) zimatha kuyambitsa kukana kwakukulu kotero kuti magetsi sakuyenda bwino. Chifukwa cha izi, magetsi amakhala ochepa ndipo nthawi zina amakhala otentha.
Njira zotetezeka:
1. Zimitsani switch ndipo makamaka tsitsani MCB kuti muyike magetsi.
2. Yang'anani mkati mwa cholumikiziracho ngati muli ndi dzimbiri, zizindikiro za moto, pulasitiki yosungunuka, kapena zolumikizana ndi mkuwa zotayirira.
3. Tsukani dzimbiri lopepuka ndi chotsukira chokhudza (ngati chilipo) kapena pepala losanjikiza. Komabe, ngati likuoneka lopsa kapena losungunuka, sinthani cholumikiziracho.
Zizindikiro za kulumikizana kovuta nthawi zambiri zimakhala: magetsi osakhazikika, nthawi zina owala, nthawi zina osawoneka bwino, kapena fungo loyaka.
5. Yang'anani ma switch, makamaka akale.
Chosinthira chamkati chomwe chawonongeka kapena chodetsedwa chingapangitse kuti magetsi asagwire bwino ntchito. Nthawi zina chosinthiracho chimamveka chotentha chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena chimafuna kukanikiza mwamphamvu kuti nyali iziyatse.
Momwe mungayang'anire:
- Ngati n'kotheka, yesani kusintha switch ndi chipangizo chatsopano kapena kusinthana kwakanthawi ndi switch pamalo ena.
– Ngati switch ikumva yotentha, imapanga phokoso la "kung'ung'udza", kapena pali tinthu tating'onoting'ono, iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa ndi yoopsa.
6. Onetsetsani kuti palibe vuto ndi dimmer kapena smart switch.
Magetsi a LED nthawi zambiri samagwirizana ndi ma dimmer. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito dimmer koma LED siimatha kuzimitsidwa, zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuzimitsidwa kosalekeza, kuzima, kapena kusowa kwa kuwala kwakukulu.
Solusi:
- Gwiritsani ntchito magetsi a LED omwe amatha kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi zomwe zimafunika pa dimmer.
– Kapena sinthani choyezera kuwala ndi chosinthira chachizolowezi ngati simukufuna chowunikira.
- Pa ma switch anzeru, yang'anani ngati akufuna "waya wopanda mphamvu" komanso ngati akugwirizana ndi ma LED ang'onoang'ono.
7. Yesani mphamvu yamagetsi ya nyumba (ngati muli ndi chida)
Ngati muli ndi multimeter, kuyeza voltage kungapereke yankho mwachangu. Voltage yamba yapakhomo ku Indonesia nthawi zambiri imakhala pafupifupi 220V (yomwe imatha kusinthasintha). Ngati voltage imatsika kwambiri nthawi zambiri (monga, pansi pa ~200V) pamene katundu wolemera wayaka, magetsi amatha kuwoneka ngati amdima.
Gawo:
- Yesani magetsi pamalo olumikizira magetsi apafupi kwambiri malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
- Yesaninso magetsi akamaoneka kuti achepa kapena pamene pampu/AC yayatsidwa.
Ngati pali kuchepa kwakukulu kwa shuga, zifukwa zake zingakhale:
– Chingwe choyikira ndi chaching'ono kwambiri moti sichingagwire ntchito.
- Kulumikizana kosakhazikika pa mzere waukulu (pa kWh meter, MCB, kapena bokosi la junction).
– Katundu wamagetsi ndi wolemera kwambiri kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi/yoyikira.
Dziwani: ngati simunazolowere kuyeza magetsi, ndibwino kupempha thandizo kwa katswiri.
8. Yang'anani kugawa katundu ndi njira yotumizira mawaya
M'nyumba zina, chingwe chimodzi chowala chingawonongeke ngati chipangizo cholemera (pampu yamadzi, makina ochapira, microwave) chayatsidwa. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ngati:
- Mizere yowala ndi ya soketi imaphatikizidwa pa MCB imodzi popanda kukonzekera.
- Pali kulumikizana kwa "nyantol" komwe sikwabwino.
- Chingwe chakale chatsika kwambiri.
Yankho labwino kwambiri:
- Lekanitsani mizere ya kuwala ndi soketi pa bolodi la MCB.
- Gwiritsani ntchito kukula kwa chingwe (monga 1,5 mm² pa magetsi, 2,5 mm² pa soketi—sinthani malinga ndi miyezo ndi zofunikira pa katundu).
- Konzani zolumikizira zomwe zili mu bokosi lolumikizirana ndi zolumikizira zabwino.
Ntchito imeneyi nthawi zambiri imafuna katswiri wamagetsi chifukwa imafuna mapanelo ndi kukoka zingwe.
9. Samalani mavuto ochokera ku PLN kapena chilengedwe
Nthawi zina magetsi ofooka si vuto la kuyika kwa nyumbayo. M'madera ena, magetsi a PLN amatha kuchepa nthawi yomwe nyumbayo ili ndi magetsi ambiri (usiku) kapena pamene nyumba zambiri zili ndi zipangizo zoyatsidwa.
Zizindikiro:
– Anansi nawonso anakumana ndi zomwezo.
- Kuchepa kwa kuwala kumachitika nthawi zofanana tsiku lililonse.
– Magetsi onse m'nyumbamo anazimitsidwa nthawi imodzi.
Mayankho oyenera kuganizira:
- Nenani ku PLN ngati kutsika kwa magetsi kuli kwakukulu komanso kokhazikika.
- Gwiritsani ntchito magetsi abwino a LED omwe amapirira kusinthasintha kwa magetsi.
– Pa zosowa zofunika kwambiri, ganizirani za stabilizer kapena UPS pa zipangizo zinazake (osati za nyumba yonse pokhapokha ngati dongosololo ndi lalikulu).
10. Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kuyimbira katswiri?
Siyani kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndipo imbani katswiri ngati:
- Pali fungo la mawaya oyaka, zolumikizira zosungunuka, kapena makoma ozungulira malo owala ndi otentha.
– MCB nthawi zambiri imazima nthawi yomweyo magetsi akamazimitsidwa.
- Kuwala kocheperako komwe kumayenderana ndi kuwala kwa magetsi pa switch kapena phokoso losazolowereka.
- Mumapeza ma waya olumikizidwa omwe ali otseguka, osweka, kapena akuda.
Mavuto monga kulumikizana kosakhazikika m'mapanelo, zingwe zosweka, kapena zinthu zina zotentha kwambiri siziyenera kuchedwa chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha moto.
Mapeto
Kukonza magetsi ofooka kuyenera kuchitika mwadongosolo: kuyambira ndi kusintha babu, kuyang'ana zolumikizira ndi ma switch, kuonetsetsa kuti dimmer ikugwirizana, ndikuyang'ana mphamvu yamagetsi ndi katundu pa kukhazikitsa. Milandu yambiri imathetsedwa ndi njira zosavuta monga kusintha mababu a LED omwe akuwonongeka kapena kusintha zolumikizira zomasuka. Komabe, ngati kuwalako kukuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana, limodzi ndi kutentha, fungo loyaka, kapena cholepheretsa magetsi chogundana, chifukwa chake chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri ndipo chingafunike kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Ndi njira zoyenera, magetsi adzabwerera ku kuwala, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kudzakhala kotetezeka, ndipo nthawi ya moyo wa zida zapakhomo idzakulitsidwa.
