Me pēhea te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi e hangai ana ki te Raspberry Pi
Ahakoa te ahua o te reo irirangi he hangarau "tawhito", koinei tonu tōna āhua: he māmā, he pono, ā, he tino whai hua tonu mō ngā kaupapa whakangahau me ngā kaupapa mātauranga. Mā te Raspberry Pi, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi hou, ngāwari hoki—he reo irirangi roma ipurangi, he kaitākaro puoro ā-rohe, he reo irirangi FM rānei (me tētahi atu waeine). Ka hipokina e tēnei tuhinga te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi e hangai ana ki te Raspberry Pi i roto i tētahi huarahi whai hua, mai i te tatūnga taputapu ki te whirihoranga pūmanawa.
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1. Ariā Reo Irirangi e hangai ana ki te Rāhipere Pi
I te nuinga o te wā, e rua ngā huarahi matua:
1. Reo Irirangi Ipurangi (Rerema)
Ka purei te Raspberry Pi i ngā pāhotanga reo irirangi mai i te ipurangi mā te Wi-Fi/Ethernet. Koinei te tikanga māmā rawa atu, ā, ko te tikanga tino noa, nā te mea kāore e hiahiatia he taputapu RF motuhake.
2. Reo irirangi FM/AM (me te taputapu whiriwhiri)
Me whai waeine whakahāngai (hei tauira, he kaiwhiwhi FM mā I2C/SPI) he taputapu Reo Irirangi Kua Tautuhia e te Pūmanawa (SDR) rānei. He uaua ake te whirihoranga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whakawhirinaki ki te taputapu e whakamahia ana.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ko te arotahi matua ko te Reo Irirangi Ipurangi nā te mea he mea tino pai mō te hunga tīmata, ā, he pai hoki mō te waihanga i roto i te wā poto.
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2. Ngā Taputapu e Hiahiatia ana
Anei te rārangi o ngā wāhanga kua tūtohutia:
– Rāhipere Pi (Pi 3/4/Kāore 2 W e taunakitia ana)
– MicroSD iti rawa 8–16 GB
– Pūtake hiko pumau (5V, iahiko e ai ki te tauira Pi)
– Hononga Ipurangi (Wi-Fi, taura LAN rānei)
– Putanga oro:
– Ngā kaikōrero hohe mā te hononga 3.5mm (i ngā tauira tautokona), rānei
– pūoro/whakakaha USB, rānei
– Pōtae oro DAC (whiringa, kounga pai ake)
– Aroturuki me te papapātuhi (mō te tatūnga tuatahi) te urunga SSH rānei
– Te pouaka/pouaka o te kaupapa (kāore he whiringa, kia ātaahua ai)
Ki te hiahia koe ki tētahi reo irirangi me ngā mana whakahaere ā-tinana, ka taea e koe te tāpiri:
– Pēhi pātene, whakakāta hurihuri, mata OLED/LCD rānei.
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3. Te Tāuta i te Pūnaha Whakahaere o te Raspberry Pi
1. Tikiake me te tāuta i te Raspberry Pi Imager ki tō rorohiko/rorohiko.
2. Whakauruhia te microSD, kātahi ka whakakāhia te Raspberry Pi OS Lite (kāore he rorohiko papamahi) kia pai ai te whakamahi rauemi, te putanga Papamahi rānei mēnā kei te hiahia koe ki tētahi atanga whakairoiro.
3. I mua i te tuhi i te ahua, ka taea e koe te whakarite:
– Ipurangi Ahokore (SSID me te kupuhipa)
– Ingoa kaiwhakamahi me te kupuhipa
– Whakahohenga SSH
4. Whakaara i te Raspberry Pi, ā, kia mōhio kei te mahi te ipurangi.
I muri i te takiuru ki te pūnaha, whakahoutia ngā mōkihi:
"`pāho
sudo apt whakahou
sudo apt whakahou -y
""
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4. Te Whakatū i te Ororongo ki te Raspberry Pi
Tirohia ngā taputapu oro kua kitea:
"`pāho
āplay -l
""
Mena kei te whakamahi koe i te oro mā te HDMI, mā te hononga rānei (i runga i te tauira), ka taea e koe te tīpako i te putanga taunoa. Ka whirihora aunoa ētahi putanga o te Raspberry Pi OS i ngā tautuhinga oro, engari ka taea e koe te whakamātautau i te putanga mā te:
"`pāho
whakamātautau-kaikōrero -t wav -c 2
""
Mena kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi kāri oro USB, i tētahi DAC HAT rānei, ka puta mai i te nuinga o te wā hei taputapu hou. Me whakarite kia tika tō putanga kia rongo ai koe i te reo irirangi.
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5. Te Tāuta i te Pūoro Reo Irirangi Ipurangi (MPD + MPC)
Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi tino pumau ko te whakamahi i te MPD (Music Player Daemon) hei purei i te oro me te MPC hei kaiwhakahaere mai i te pūwhakamutunga.
Tāutahia te mōkihi:
"`pāho
sudo apt tāuta -y mpd mpc
""
Kia tino mohio kei te whakahaerehia te MPD:
"`pāho
sudo systemctl whakahohe mpd
sudo systemctl tīmata mpd
""
Tirohia te tūnga:
"`pāho
tūnga systemctl mpd
""
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6. Te Tāpiri i tētahi Rārangi o ngā Teihana Reo Irirangi
Ka taea e MPD te purei i ngā awa URL. Ka taea e koe te tāpiri i ngā teihana reo irirangi ki ngā rārangi waiata MPD.
Tauira mō te tāpiri i tētahi rerenga reo irirangi:
"`pāho
mpc tāpiri http://streamurl-radio-anda:8000/stream
""
Kātahi ka tākaro:
"`pāho
purei mpc
""
Hei tiro i te rārangi:
"`pāho
rārangipāpāho mpc
""
Waihangahia he Rārangi Waiata Teihana Tino Pai
Ka taea e koe te waihanga i tētahi kōnae rārangipāpāho `.m3u`:
1. Waihangahia he kōpaki rārangi waiata (mēnā kāore anō kia tīariari):
"`pāho
mkdir -p ~/rārangi waiata
""
2. Waihangahia he kōnae:
"`pāho
nano ~/rārangi waiata/reo irirangi.m3u
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3. Whakakīia ētahi URL roma, hei tauira:
""
http://example.com/stream1
http://example.com/stream2
http://example.com/stream3
""
Tāpirihia ki te MPD mā te uta takitahi, mā te whakarite rānei i tō kōpaki waiata/rārangi waiata MPD. Ara tere: tāpirihia tika mai i tētahi kōnae (kāore he kōwhiringa i runga i tō whirihoranga MPD), tāruatia rānei te rārangi waiata ki tō kōpaki rārangi waiata MPD (ko te tikanga `/var/lib/mpd/rārangi waiata/`).
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7. Whirihoranga MPD kia Pai ake ai mō te Reo Irirangi
Whakatikahia te whirihoranga MPD:
"`pāho
sudo nano /etc/mpd.conf
""
Ko ētahi wāhanga nui:
– Kia tika te putanga oro. Ngā tauira noa:
"`whakapā"
putanga_oro
patohia "alsa"
ingoa "Putanga ALSA"
momo_whakaranu "pūmanawa"
}
""
– Ka taea e koe te whakarite i te pūmautanga o te arai kia pai ake ai te rere o te raraunga (kāore e hiahiatia, kei runga i ngā āhuatanga o te whatunga).
Kia oti, tīmata anō a MPD:
"`pāho
sudo systemctl tīmata anō mpd
""
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8. Whakakā Aunoa te Reo Irirangi i te Whakaaratanga
Hei whakatangi i te reo irirangi i te wā tonu ka whakakāhia te Raspberry Pi:
1. Waihangahia he tuhinga māmā, hei tauira:
"`pāho
nano ~/tīmata-reo-irirangi.sh
""
Isi:
"`pāho
!/bin/bash
moe 5
mpc mārama
mpc tāpiri http://streamurl-radio-anda:8000/stream
rōrahi mpc 70
purei mpc
""
Tiakina, kātahi ka hoatu he whakaaetanga whakahaere:
"`pāho
chmod +x ~/tīmata-reo-irirangi.sh
""
2. Waihangahia he ratonga pūnaha:
"`pāho
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/radio.service
""
Isi:
"tēnei"
[Unit]
Whakaahuatanga=Pūoro Aunoa Reo Irirangi
I muri i te ratonga mpd.whāinga whatunga-ipurangi
E hiahia ana=whatunga-ipurangi.whāinga
[Ratonga]
Kaiwhakamahi=pi
Tīmatanga Whakahaere=/kāinga/pi/tīmata-reo-irirangi.sh
Tīmata anō=i te wā e rahua ana
[Tāuta]
WantedBy = multi-user.target
""
Whakahohe:
"`pāho
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
whakahohea te ratonga reo irirangi
sudo systemctl tīmata radio.service
""
Kia mōhio: ki te kore te ingoa kaiwhakamahi i te `pi`, whakarerekētia te ara, ā, ko te `User=`.
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9. Te Tāpiri Mana (Whiringa)
Kia rite ai ki tētahi reo irirangi tūturu, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i ngā mana whakahaere ā-tinana:
– Pātene Panuku/Mua hei whakawhiti teihana:
– `mpc e whai ake nei`
– `mpc o mua`
– Pātene Purei/Whakamutu:
– `mpc takahuri`
– `mpc mutu`
– Pūwhakamātautau hurihuri mō te rōrahi:
– `rōrahi mpc +5`
– `rōrahi mpc -5`
Hei whakatinana i ngā pātene, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te Python (GPIO) me te karanga i te whakahau `mpc`. He tino rongonui tēnei huinga nā te mea he māmā noa iho, he ngāwari hoki te whakawhanake.
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10. Ngā Tohutohu Whakawhanake me te Whakatau i ngā Raruraru
Ko ētahi raruraru noa me ā rātou otinga:
1. Kāore he oro
– Kia tika te putanga oro (pūrere ALSA).
– Whakamātauria te whakawhiti i te kaikorero/kāri oro USB.
– Kia tino mōhio kei te 0 te rōrahi: `mpc rōrahi 80`
2. He wā poto te rere o te rongo
– Whakamahia he hononga LAN mēnā ka taea.
– Tāpirihia he whakaroa i mua i te purei i te tīmatanga (`moe 5` `moe 10` rānei).
– Kōwhiria he rerenga tere iti iho.
3. Kāore e taea e MPD te purei i te URL
– Me whakarite kia tika te URL, ā, kia taea ai te whakatuwhera mai i te whatunga kotahi.
– Me whakarite kei te wātea ngā mōkihi tautoko (he nui te nuinga mō te Raspberry Pi OS hou).
4. E hiahia ana koe ki tētahi atanga "reo irirangi" ake
– Tāutahia he atanga kaiwhakamahi pēnei i te ncmpcpp (atanga kaiwhakamahi tūmau), hangaia rānei he atanga kaiwhakamahi tukutuku māmā.
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Te Katinga
He kaupapa ngahau, he kaupapa whai hua hoki te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi e ahu mai ana i te Raspberry Pi. Mā te whakakotahi i te MPD me te MPC, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi reo irirangi ipurangi pumau ka tīmata aunoa i te tīmatanga, ā, ka taea te whakawhānui ngāwari ki te whakauru i ngā taputapu me ngā pātene ā-tinana, he mata iti, tae atu ki tētahi pouaka ritenga. Kia oti i a koe te putanga taketake, ka taea e koe te neke atu i tētahi atu taahiraa: tāpirihia he mata OLED hei whakaatu i ngā ingoa teihana, waihangahia he tahua kua whakaritea, tāpirihia rānei he waeine whakahāngai mō te reo irirangi FM.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te haere tonu me ētahi atu putanga motuhake: hei tauira, he rārangi o ngā teihana reo irirangi Indonesian (URL) kua rite ki te whakamahi, he tauira waehere Python mō te pana GPIO, he aratohu rānei mō te whakamahi i te DAC HAT mō te kounga oro pai ake.
