Te Ine i te Mahi o te Pūnaha Paewhiri Rā mā te Whakamahi i te Mita Hiko Tika
Kei te tere haere te whanaketanga o te pūngao rā i Initonīhia, e whakatutuki ana i ngā hiahia o ngā whare, ngā pakihi, me ngā whare tūmatanui. Heoi, kāore e ranea te tāuta noa i ngā panera rā. Hei tino whakapai ake i tō haumitanga, me ine tonu me te tika te mahi a te pūnaha. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi nui ai ngā mita hiko. Mā te mita tika, ka taea e ngā kaipupuri pūnaha te whakatau i te whakaputanga pūngao tuturu, te pai o te inverter, ngā tauira whakapaunga kawenga, me ngā raruraru pea ka arahi ki te whakaiti i te putanga. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te ine i te mahi a te pūnaha panera rā mā te whakamahi i te mita tika, ngā momo mita e hiahiatia ana, me ngā tohutohu mō te whakamaori raraunga hei whakamōhio pai ake i ngā whakatau tiaki me te penapena.
He aha i tika ai kia inehia te mahi a te papa rā?
He maha ngā āhuatanga ohorere e mahi ai ngā panera rā. Ka pāngia te whakaputa hiko e te huarere, te pāmahana o te waeine, te marumaru o te rākau, te puehu, te kounga o te taura, tae atu ki te āhua o te inverter. Ki te kore he ine tika, ka kore e kitea te hekenga o te mahi. Nō reira, ka mōhio noa ngā rangatira ki te raruraru i muri i te pikinga o ā rātou pire hiko, i te maha rānei o ngā motuhanga o te pūnaha.
He mea nui anō hoki te ine pai mō:
1. Me whakarite kia tutuki te pūnaha i ngā tātaitanga hoahoa (te kaha kua tāutahia me te kaha kua whakaputaina).
2. Kitea te ngaronga pūngao nā te atarangi, ngā hononga ngoikore, te pakaru rānei o te kōwae.
3. Aromatawaihia te whai huatanga o ngā tikanga whakamahi hiko kia kitea ai mēnā e hangai ana ki ngā hāora whakaputa hiko o te rā.
4. Te whakamana i ngā penapena mō te aromatawai pūtea, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha arumoni.
Ngā Tawhā Mahi hei Aroturuki
I mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi mita, me mārama koe ki ngā tawhā e ine ana koe. E whā ngā mea matua:
1. Pūngao i hangaia e te panera (kWh)
Koinei te tatauranga tino hira hei mōhio ki te nui o te hiko e whakaputaina ana e te pūnaha i roto i tētahi wā (ia rā, ia marama, ia tau).
2. Mana tere tonu (W, kW rānei)
Ka whakaatuhia e te mana ohorere te putanga i te wā tūturu. He mea whai hua tēnei hei whakatau mēnā kei te "hauora" te pūnaha i raro i te rā kaha, kei te pāngia rānei e te hekenga nā tētahi raruraru motuhake.
3. Ngaohiko me te au (V me te A)
He mea nui te ngaohiko me te iahiko mō te tautuhi mate. Hei tauira, ko te ngaohiko aho e kore e tino tika, tera pea he tohu o te raruraru waea, o te kōwae rānei.
4. Kawemai/kaweake pūngao mai i te whatunga hiko (kWh)
Mō ngā pūnaha hiko ā-ipurangi, ngā pūnaha hiko ranu rānei, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki te nui o te hiko e hokona ana mai i te PLN (kawemai) me te nui o te hiko e whakahokia ana (kaweake), mēnā ka taea e te kaupapa kaweake.
Ngā Momo Mita Hiko mō ngā Pūnaha Paewhiri Rā
Kāore e pai ana ngā mita hiko katoa mō te ine i te mahi a te panera rā. Anei ētahi momo mita e whakamahia whānuitia ana, me ā rātou mahi.
1. Mita Whakaputa (Mita Whakaputa PV)
Ka tāutahia tēnei mita ki te putanga inverter (taha AC) ki runga rānei i tētahi raina motuhake hei ine i te pūngao katoa e whakaputaina ana e te pūnaha. He rite tana mahi ki te "odometer" i runga i te waka: ka tuhia te hua kua kohia.
Te taikaha:
– E whakarato ana i ngā tatauranga whakaputa e ngāwari ana ki te pānui.
– He pai mō te manatoko mahi, inā koa mō ngā pūnaha kāore he aroturukitanga inverter taipitopito.
Ngā mea hei mōhio:
– Kōwhiria he mita he pai te tika (ko te nuinga o te wā he akomanga 1, he pai ake rānei).
– Me whakarite kia ōrite te awhe o te iahiko me te ngaohiko ki te kaha o te pūnaha.
2. Mita Kaweake-Kawemai (Mita Aro-rua)
Ka inehia e ngā mita ahunga-rua te rere o te pūngao ki te whatunga hiko, mai i reira hoki. He mea nui tēnei i roto i ngā pūnaha kei runga i te whatunga hiko nā te mea me mōhio koe ki:
– E hia ngā kWh e whakamahia ana e te PLN?
– E hia ngā kWh ka tukuna ki te whatunga hiko (mēnā ka whakaaetia)
Te taikaha:
– Ka whakarato i tētahi pikitia o ngā penapena tūturu i runga i ngā pire.
– He āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā ka pau te hiko i waho o ngā hāora whakaputa hiko o te rā.
Ngā Kōrero:
– I ētahi wāhi, kua tautokona kētia e ngā mita PLN te ine i ngā huarahi rua, e ai ki te kaupapa here e tika ana. Heoi, mō ngā take tātari ā-roto, ka taea e koe te tāpiri i tētahi mita-iti motuhake.
3. Mita Whakamahi Utaina (Mita Utaina/Mita Iti)
Ka tāutahia tēnei mita ki runga i tētahi papa tohatoha hei ine i te whakapaunga hiko o tētahi whare, o tētahi whare rānei. Mā te whakamahi i ngā raraunga whakapaunga, ka taea e koe te tatau:
– Te ōwehenga o te hiko e whakamahia tika ana mai i te pūngao rā (te whakamahinga whaiaro)
– Āhea ka puta te kawenga tino nui?
– He whai wāhitanga ki te neke i te whakamahinga ki te awatea kia nui ake ai ngā penapena
Te taikaha:
– Te āwhina i ngā rautaki whakahaere kawenga pēnei i te whakamahinga o ngā hauhautanga, ngā papu, ngā whakamahana wai rānei i ngā hāora whakaputa.
4. Mita Kounga Mana (Whiringa mō ngā Pūnaha Uaua Ake)
Mō ngā pūnaha arumoni, ahumahi rānei, ka pāngia te mahi a te inverter me te kawenga e ngā tawhā kounga mana pēnei i te tauwehenga mana, ngā harmonics, me ngā piki me te heke o te ngaohiko. Mā te mita kounga mana ka māmā ake te tātari hangarau.
Te taikaha:
– Te tātaritanga hōhonu mēnā ka pakaru te inverter, ka rahua rānei te pūnaha.
– He pai mō ngā wāhi he kore pumau ngā whatunga.
Ngā Paearu mō te Kōwhiri i te Mita Tika
Kia tino whai hua ai ngā inenga, me tutuki i te mita kua whiriwhiria ngā paearu e whai ake nei:
1. Te Tika
Kōwhiria he mita he iti rawa te tika o te Akomanga 1 mō te aroturuki whānui. Mō te manatoko tino pakari, tīpakohia te Akomanga 0.5.
2. Momo ine: wāhanga kotahi, wāhanga toru rānei
He hiko kotahi-wāhanga te nuinga o ngā whare, he hiko toru-wāhanga ia o ngā pakihi. Me whakarite kei te hototahi tō mita ki tō pūnaha.
3. Tikanga tāutanga: tika, CT rānei (Tahurihuri Au)
– Mita tika: ka tika te rere o te ia mā te mita, he pai mō ngā ia iti ki te ia waenga.
– Mita CT: e whakamahi ana i tētahi whakawhiti iahiko, e tika ana mō ngā iahiko nui me te tāutanga ngāwari ake.
4. Ngā āheinga whakawhitiwhiti raraunga
He maha ngā wā ka tautokohia e ngā mita hou a Modbus, RS485, Wi-Fi, te whakaurunga rānei ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki. Mā tēnei ka taea te tuhi aunoa me te tātari hītori.
5. Te pono me te tiwhikete
Whakamahia ngā hua mai i ngā waitohu mārama, kia whai paerewa haumaru, ā, ki te taea, kia whai tiwhikete.
Me pēhea te whakamahi i ngā raraunga mita hei ine i te mahi
Kia oti te tāuta i te mita, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te aromatawai i te mahi a te pūnaha i ia wā. Anei tētahi huarahi whai hua ka taea e koe te whakamahi.
1. Whakatauritehia te Hanganga o ia Rā ki te Pūmanawa Pūnaha
Hei tauira, he pūnaha 3 kWh. I raro i ngā āhuatanga pai, ka taea te whakaputa i ia rā mai i te 10–15 kWh i runga i te wāhi me te wā. Mena ka heke tonu i raro i ngā tumanakohanga, tera pea he raruraru pēnei i:
– Papa paru
– He atarangi kei reira
– Kāore te inverter e mahi pai ana
– He aho kore mahi kei reira
2. Tātaihia te Ōwehenga Mahi (PR) Mā te Māmā
Ko te Ōwehenga Mahi he tohu mō te whai huatanga o te pūnaha i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te hihi o te rā. Mō ngā tataunga tika, me whiwhi raraunga hihi (mai i te pyranometer, i ngā raraunga huarere rānei). Heoi, me te kore he taputapu motuhake, ka taea tonu e koe te mahi i tētahi aromatawai māmā mā te:
– Whakatauritehia te whakaputanga o ia marama i waenga i ngā marama o te wā kotahi
– Tirohia te hekenga rerekē o ngā ia o te whakaputanga ā-tau
Mena ka tino heke te whakaputanga kāore he huringa tino kino o te rangi, me whakahaere he tirotiro.
3. Tātaritanga Kawemai-Kaweake me te Whakamahinga
Mā ngā mita ahunga-rua me ngā mita kawenga, ka taea e koe te kite mēnā kei te kaweakehia te nuinga o te hiko o te rā (kāore i te whakamahia), kei te whakamahia tika rānei te nuinga.
Rautaki whānui:
– Mena he nui ngā kaweake: nekehia ngā mahi hoko ki te awatea (mīhini horoi, rino, papu wai).
– Mena he nui ngā kawemai i te pō: whakaarohia te pākahiko (mō ngā pūnaha ranu) te whai huatanga rānei o te kawenga.
4. Whakamahia te Mana Wā Poto mō te Tātaritanga Tere
Mena ka iti haere te mana whakaputa i te rangi wera, tirohia:
– He atarangi kei te taha o ngā whare/rākau?
– Kei te whakaatu hapa te inverter?
– He MCB/whakawehewehe kei te motu?
– Kei te wera te taura, te hononga rānei (he tohu tēnei mō te hononga kino)?
Ngā Tohutohu Whaihua mō ngā Inenga Tika
1. Me whakarite kia tāutahia e te tohunga hangarau matatau.
Ka taea e ngā hapa waea, ngā CT whakahurihuri rānei te whakaputa i ngā pānui kino, koretake rānei.
2. Wehea ngā pūwāhi ine
Ko te mea tino pai, me whai mita whakaputa, mita kawenga, me (mēnā e tika ana) he mita kawemai-kaweake. Mā tēnei, ka taea e koe te kite i te rere katoa o te pūngao.
3. Tuhia ngā raraunga kia rite tonu
Kia iti rawa, tuhia te kWh o te whakaputanga me te kWh o ngā kawemai ia marama. He pai ake te tuhi i ia rā.
4. Kia aro ki ngā huringa iti
He pumau te mahi a te papa rā. Ka puta pea te hekenga āta haere nā te puehu, te pirau rānei, engari ko te hekenga ohorere he tohu raruraru hangarau.
Te Katinga
Ehara i te mea ko te tirotiro noa i ngā tautuhinga o te inverter, te kite rānei i te hekenga o tō pire hiko te take o te ine tika. Ko te ine tika me whai mita hiko tika: he mita whakaputa hei manatoko i te whakaputanga hiko, he mita kawemai-kaweake hei aroturuki i ngā taunekeneke me te kamupene hiko a te kāwanatanga (PLN), me te mita whakapaunga hei mārama ki ngā tauira whakamahinga. Mā te raraunga tika, ka taea e koe te kite wawe i ngā raruraru, te whakamahere i te tiaki, me te whakanui ake i ngā penapena. Hei whakamutunga, ehara i te mea ko te mita tika anake te āwhina i a koe ki te "tatau kWh" engari he taputapu whakahaere hoki hei pupuri i te mahi pai o ō panera rā mō ngā tau e haere ake nei.
