Me pēhea te whakanui ake i te ātete o ngā kararehe ki ngā mate
Ko te ātete o ngā kararehe ki te mate he mea nui ki te angitu o tētahi pakihi kararehe. Ko ngā kararehe he kaha te ārai mate ka tipu pai, ka whakapiki i te hua, ka whakaiti i ngā utu hauora. I tetahi atu taha, ko ngā kararehe e pāngia ana e te mate ka pāngia e ngā mate, mai i te whakahekenga taumaha, te hekenga o te whakaputanga miraka, hua manu rānei, tae noa ki te mate. Nō reira, me mārama ngā kaimahi pāmu ki ngā mahi whai hua hei whakanui ake i te ātete o ngā kararehe kia pai ake ai te ātete ki ngā tūmomo mate, ahakoa he huakita, he huaketo, he pirinoa, he āhuatanga taiao rānei i puta mai.
1. Kia mārama koe he maha ngā āhuatanga e pāngia ai te ārai mate o ngā kararehe.
Kāore te pūnaha ārai mate o ngā kararehe e whakatauhia ana e te kotahi āhuatanga, engari e te whakakotahitanga o ngā ira, te whāngai, te whakahaere whare, te akuaku, te wai inu, ngā kaupapa werohanga, me ngā taumata ahotea. Kei te whanake tonu te ārai mate o ngā kararehe taitamariki, inā koa, ā, ka ngāwari ake te pāngia e te mate. I roto i ngā kararehe pakeke, ka heke te ārai mate mēnā kāore i te taurite te kai, kāore rānei i te pai te taiao. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, me whai huarahi whānui te whakapakari i te ārai mate, kaua ko ngā tāpiringa huaora i ētahi wā anake.
2. Whakaratohia he kai kounga teitei, taurite hoki
Ko te kai te tūāpapa o te ārai mate. Mā te korenga o te pūngao, te pūmua, ngā huaora, me ngā kohuke ka whakaiti i te kaha o te kararehe ki te whawhai ki te mate.
– Pūngao me te pūmua: Mā te pūngao e rawaka ana ka mau tonu ngā mahi noa a te tinana, engari me hanga he pūmua hei hanga i ngā paturopi. Me whakarite kia tika te kai mō te wāhanga whakaputa: te tipu, te momona, te whāngai ū, te whānau hua rānei.
– Ngā Huaora: He mahi nui tā ngā Huaora A, D, me E ki te ārai i te mate. Ka tautoko te Huaora A i ngā kiriuhi mucous hauora (te ārai tuatahi ki ngā iroriki), ka hono te Huaora D ki te pākia o te konupūmā, ā, ka mahi te Huaora E hei antioxidant e tiaki ana i ngā pūtau ārai mate.
– Ngā kohuke: Ka tautoko te konutea (Zn), te selenium (Se), te parahi (Cu), me te rino (Fe) i te mahi a ngā whākōkī me te pūnaha ārai mate. He maha ngā wā ka puta te korenga o ngā kohuke ina whakawhirinaki noa ngā kararehe ki te kai māori me te kore he ranunga kohuke tāpiri.
Me whakarerekē e ngā kaipāmu te momo kai e tika ana mō ā rātou kararehe (kau, koati, hipi, heihei, parera) ā, me whakaaro ki te kōrero ki ngā kaimahi toronga kararehe, ki ngā rata kararehe rānei, kia tika ai te hanga kai.
3. Kia tino ma, kia rawaka hoki te wai inu
He maha ngā wā ka warewarehia te wai, engari he pānga tika ki te hauora. Ka taea e te wai poke te kawe i ngā huakita pērā i te E. coli, te Salmonella rānei, ka puta ai te mate korere me te matewai, ka whakaiti i te ārai mate. Haunga te kounga, he mea nui anō hoki te nui o te wai. Ko ngā kararehe kāore i te wai ka pāngia e te ahotea, te heke o te hiahia kai, te ngoikore o te pākia o te tinana, me te kaha ake o te pāngia e te mate.
Ngā mahi whaihua: horoia ngā wāhi inu i ia wā, whakamahia ngā puna wai haumaru, ā, ki te tika, mahia he patu huakita, he tātari rānei, inā koa i te wā ua ina nui haere te poke.
4. Whakatinanahia te horoi o te whare herehere me te tiaki koiora
He wāhi whakatipu mō ngā mate pāwera ngā whare paru. Ko te tikanga o te haumarutanga koiora ko te aukati i te urunga mai me te horapa o ngā mate ki ngā pāmu. Ko ētahi o ngā mahi nui ko:
– Te horoi me te patu huakita o ia rā: Tangohia te paru, whakawhitihia te moenga, ka rehuhia te patu huakita kia rite ki te horopeta.
– Whakahaerehia te haereere o te tangata me ngā taputapu: Whakawhāitihia ngā manuhiri, whakaratohia he hu motuhake mō te whare herehere, ā, kaua e nama taputapu mai i ētahi atu pāmu me te kore e horoia, e whakahoromatatia rānei.
– Te karantini i ngā kararehe hou: Me wehe ngā kararehe hou kua tae mai mō te 1–2 wiki hei aroturuki, kia kore ai e "kawea mai" te mate ki te rōpū matua.
– Te whakahaere i ngā pepeke: Ka taea e ngā kiore, ngā namu, me ngā manu te kawe i ngā mate. Kia mau ki te akuaku o te taiao, āraia te urunga atu ki ngā kai, me te whakamahi i ngā mahanga, i ngā tikanga whakahaere haumaru rānei.
He iti ake te utu o te haumarutanga koiora whai tikanga i te rongoā i te pakarutanga mai o te mate urutā i muri i te putanga mai.
5. Ngā kaupapa werohanga me te patu kutukutu kua whakaritea
Mā te werohanga ka āwhina i ngā kararehe ki te hanga i te ātete motuhake ki ētahi mate, pērā i te kirika dengue i roto i ngā heihei, te anthrax i roto i ngā kararehe ruminant i ngā rohe noho puku, te mate waewae-me-waha (FMD), e ai ki ngā kaupapa a te kāwanatanga me ngā āhuatanga mōrearea ā-rohe. Me tuku tika ngā werohanga: me te horopeta tika, te rokiroki mekameka makariri, me ngā wā tuku e tika ana mō te tau me te āhua o te kararehe.
Haunga te werohanga, he mea nui anō hoki te whakahaere i ngā pirinoa. Mā ngā kutukutu me ngā ectopasite (kutu, mite) ka ngaro te kai o ngā kararehe, ka mate toto, ka taumaha hoki, ā, ka heke te ātete ki te mate. I te nuinga o te wā ka whakaritea te rongoā patu kutukutu i ia wā (hei tauira, i ia 3–6 marama) i runga i te momo kararehe, te pūnaha whakatipu, me te taumata o te mate i te rohe. Mō ngā hua pai rawa atu, me tirotiro te paru, me kōrero rānei ki tētahi rata kararehe hei karo i te whakamahi nui i te rongoā patu kutukutu, hei ārai hoki i te ātete.
6. Whakahaerehia te ahotea: te mea e kore e kitea i te nuinga o te wā
Ka pehia e te ahotea te pūnaha ārai mate. Ko ētahi o ngā take o te ahotea o ngā kararehe ko te kikī rawa o te kararehe, te wera nui, te kawe waka, te whakarerekētanga ohorere o te kai, te tukino kino rānei.
Ko ngā mahi hei whakaiti i te ahotea ko:
– Kia pai te hauhautanga me te tohanga o te hau, inā koa i roto i ngā pā manu me ngā kau miraka.
– Whakaratohia he marumaru, me te wai e ranea ana i te wā wera.
– Āta karohia ngā whakarerekētanga ohorere o te kai; me āta whakawhiti kia whai wā ai ngā moroiti rumen, ngā moroiti nakunaku rānei ki te urutau.
– Whakatinanahia te whakahaere i ngā kararehe me te marino, me te iti rawa o te tutu, hei whakaiti i ngā whara me ngā urupare ki te ahotea.
Ka pai ake te kai a ngā kararehe whakamarie, ka nui te moe, ā, ka pumau ake te ārai mate.
7. Kia aro ki te whakahaere i ngā kararehe me te colostrum
I roto i ngā kararehe ruminant pērā i ngā kau me ngā koati, he nui te whakawhirinaki o ngā kuao kau ki ngā paturopi mai i te colostrum (te miraka tuatahi). Me whakarite kia whiwhi ngā kuao kau i te colostrum kounga i roto i ngā haora tuatahi i muri i te whānautanga. Ki te kore e whakaratohia te colostrum e tika ana, ka noho ngā kuao kau ki te mate korere, te niumōnia, me ētahi atu mate.
Haunga te colostrum, ko te horoi i te wāhi whānau, te whakamaroke i ngā kuao kau, me te aroturuki i te pāmahana me te hiahia kai o te tinana mai i te tamarikitanga ka tino āwhina i te ārai i te mate.
8. Ngā tāpiringa, ngā probiotics, me ngā otaota: whakamahia ma te whakaaro nui
He maha ngā momo tāpiringa pēnei i ngā huaora, ngā kohuke, ngā probiotics, me ngā prebiotics e whakamahia ana hei tautoko i te hauora o te nakunaku me te ārai mate. Ka taea e ngā probiotics te āwhina i te whakaū i te microflora o te puku, te whakapai ake i te mimiti matūkai me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te mate korere, inā koa i roto i ngā heihei me ngā kararehe.
He maha hoki ngā wā ka hoatu ngā otaota pēnei i te turmeric, te kanekane Javanese, ētahi rau rānei. Heoi, me āta whakaaro ki te whakamahinga: kia haumaru ngā horopeta, kia ma ngā puna, kaua hoki e whakakapi i ngā mahi nui pēnei i te werohanga, te akuaku o te whare herehere, me te kai taurite. Ko ngā tāpiringa pai rawa atu he mea tautoko, ehara i te otinga kotahi.
9. Te aroturuki hauora me te kimi wawe
Ko te whakanui ake i te manawanui he tikanga hoki kia tere te tautuhi i ngā raruraru. Puritia ngā tuhinga māmā: te kai whāngai, te pikinga taumaha, te whakaputanga miraka, hua manu rānei, me ngā mate. Kia mataara ki ngā tohu tōmua pēnei i te ngenge, te kore hiahia kai, te maremare, te korere, ngā huringa whanonga rānei. Mā te kitenga wawe ka taea te rongoā wawe hei ārai i te horapa o te mate me te ārai i te kino haere o te āhua o te kararehe.
Mena he kēhi rerekē, he pikinga rānei o te auau mate, whakapā atu tonu ki te rata kararehe, ki te āpiha ratonga rānei e tika ana, inā koa mō ngā mate pāwera rautaki.
Whakamutunga
Kāore e taea te whakapai ake i te ātete o ngā kararehe ki te mate i roto i te taahiraa kotahi. Ko te mea nui ko te whakakotahitanga o te whāngai taurite, te wai ma, ngā whare kararehe ma me te haumarutanga koiora, he kaupapa werohanga me te whakahaere pirinoa, te whakahaere ahotea, te aro nui ki ngā kuao kau, te tāpiringa tika, me te aroturuki hauora tonu. Mā te whakahaere tika me te whakahaere i ngā ture, ka kaha ake te ātete o ngā kararehe ki te mate, ka piki ake te hua, ā, ka pumau ake te mahi ahuwhenua kararehe.
Ki te whakahuatia te momo kararehe (kau/koaiti/heihei) me te pūnaha tiaki (whakatipu/whakatipu-haurua/whānui), ka taea e au te hanga i tētahi putanga motuhake ake o te tuhinga me ngā tauira o ngā kaupapa o ia rā me ngā wātaka werohanga/whakakore kutukutu noa i te mara.
