Hanganga me te Mahi o te Pūnaha Manawa Tangata
He pūnaha nui te pūnaha manawa o te tangata e kawe ana i te hāora puta noa i te tinana, me te tango i te hauhā waro hei para. He maha ngā wāhanga matua o tēnei pūnaha e mahi tahi ana hei whakarite i te manawa pai. Ka ruku hohonu ake tēnei tuhinga ki te hanganga me te mahi a te pūnaha manawa o te tangata, me te take he mea nui rawa atu mō te oranga tonutanga.
Hanganga o te Pūnaha Manawa
E rua ngā wāhanga matua o te pūnaha manawa o te tangata: te ara manawa o runga me te ara manawa o raro.
Ara Manawa o Runga
1. Te Ihu me te Pūngao Ihu
– Ko te ihu te pūwāhi matua mō te hau mai i te taiao o waho ki roto i te tinana. Koia te tātari matua, e hopu ana i ngā puehu me ngā moroiti, ā, e whakamakuku ana, e whakamahana ana hoki i te hau i mua i te urunga ki te pūnaha manawa.
– Kei roto i te kōhao ihu ngā huruhuru angiangi me te hūpē, ā, ko tā rātou mahi he hopu i ngā matūriki ke.
2. Korokoro
– Ko te korokoro he ara noa mō te hau me te kai, kei muri i te ihu me te waha. Ka tukuna te hau ki te korokoro, me te kai ki te korokoro.
3. Larynx (Pouaka Reo)
– Kei waenganui i te pharynx me te trachea te larynx. Ko tētahi o ngā wāhanga he mea nui i roto i Ko te ara korokoro ngā taura reo, e āhei ai tātou ki te kōrero.
Ara Manawa o raro
1. Te Ara o te Huarahi (Te Pūwero o te Mata)
– He ngongo te trachea e hono ana i te larynx ki te bronchi. He mowhiti kiriuhi kei roto e whakarato ana i te hanganga, e pupuri ana hoki i te trachea kia tuwhera.
2. Ngā Pūnaha me ngā Pūnaha
– Ka peka te trachea ki ngā bronchi matua e rua: ko ngā bronchi matau me ngā bronchi maui, ka ahu atu ki tētahi pukahukahu. Kātahi ka peka ngā bronchi ki ngā bronchiole iti ake, maha ake hoki i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
3. Ngā Pūkahukahu
– Ko ngā pūkahukahu te okana matua o te pūnaha manawa, he miriona ngā alveoli, he pēke hau iti nei kei reira whakawhiti hau ka puta. E toru ngā pūkahukahu o te pūkahukahu matau, e rua ngā pūkahukahu o te pūkahukahu maui hei hanga wāhi mō te ngākau.
4. Diaphragm
– He uaua āhua-pou te diaphragm kei raro i ngā pukahukahu, ā, he mahi nui tāna i roto i te tukanga te manawa mā te āwhina ki te whakahaere i te pēhanga hau i roto i te uma me te pana i te hau ki roto, ki waho hoki i ngā pukahukahu.
Ngā Mahi a te Pūnaha Manawa
Whakawhitinga Hau
Ko te mahi matua o te pūnaha manawa ko te whakawhiti hau, arā, ko te kawe mai i te hāora ki roto i te toto me te tango i te hauhā waro mai i te tinana. Ka puta tēnei tukanga i roto i ngā alveoli o ngā pukahukahu. Kei roto i te hau e manawahia ana e tātou te hāora, ka haria ki ngā alveoli, ka horapa ki roto i te toto mā roto i ngā uaua e karapoti ana i ngā alveoli.
He rerekē, ko te hauhā waro, he para o te pākia o te pūtau, ka horapa mai i te toto ki roto i ngā alveoli, kātahi ka peia atu i te tinana ina puta te manawa.
Te Whakahaere pH o te Toto
He mahi nui anō tā te pūnaha manawa ki te whakahaere i te pH toto mā te whakaputa i te hauhā waro, ka rewa ki roto i te toto hei hanga waikawa waro. Mā te whakaputa i te hauhā waro, ka āwhina te pūnaha manawa ki te pupuri i te taurite waikawa-pūtake o te tinana.
Te Tiakitanga
He maha ngā tikanga tiaki o te pūnaha manawa hei ārai i ngā huaketo me ngā matūriki kino ki te tomo ki te tinana. Hei tauira, ko ngā huruhuru ririki me te hūpē i roto i te ihu he tātari tuatahi. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā urupare mare me te tihe ka āwhina i te pana i ngā matūriki ke mai i ngā ara manawa. Kei roto hoki i ngā alveoli ngā macrophages, arā, ngā pūtau ārai mate e hopu ana, e whakangaro ana hoki i ngā moroiti e tae atu ana ki ngā pukahukahu.
Te Hanga Oro
Ko te korokoro, kei roto nei ngā taura reo, he mahi nui ki te whakaputa reo. Mā te hau e rere ana i roto i ngā taura reo ka wiri ai, ka puta he oro. Ka taea te whakarite i te kukū o ngā taura reo kia puta ai ngā reo rerekē, kia taea ai e tātou te kōrero, te waiata, me te whakaputa i ngā momo oro.
Te Whakahaere Pāmahana me te Whakamakuku
Ko te mahi a te ihu me te kōhao ihu he whakamahana, he whakamakuku hoki i te hau e manawahia ana. He mea nui tēnei hei ārai i te riri me te maroke o ngā kiko ngawari o roto i te ara manawa. He mea nui te mahana me te haumākū tino pai, inā koa i ngā taiao tino makariri, tino maroke rānei.
Ngā Mate me ngā Mate o te Pūnaha Manawa
Ka pāngia te pūnaha manawa e ngā mate me ngā āhuatanga rerekē ka pā ki tana mahi. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:
1. Te mate huango
– He mate pūmau e mumura ai, e whaiti ai hoki ngā ara manawa, ka uaua ai te manawa, ka maremare, ka whewhe hoki.
2. Te mate pūkahukahu
– Te mumura o ngā pūkahukahu e puta ai te maremare, te uaua ki te manawa, me te mamae o te uma. Ka taea te whakapeka, te mau tonu rānei.
3. Pneumonia
– Ngā mate e mumura ai ngā alveoli, e hua ake ana i te nuinga o te wā nā te huakita, te huaketo, te harore rānei.
4. Te mate pūkahukahu
– He mate mau tonu e kino ai ngā alveoli, e whakaiti ana hoki i te ngāwari o ngā pukahukahu, ka uaua ai te whakawhiti hau.
5. Matepukupuku Pūkahukahu
– He mate e tipu haere ana ngā pūtau o roto i ngā pukahukahu me te kore e taea te whakahaere, e pā ana ki te momi hikareti, ki te pānga rānei ki ngā matū kino.
Whakamutunga
He whatunga matatini, he whatunga ora hoki te pūnaha manawa o te tangata, he maha ngā hanganga me ngā mahi hei whakarite kia whiwhi ō tātou tinana i te hāora e hiahiatia ana kia ora ai, kia mahi tika ai. Mai i te ihu ki te diaphragm, he mahi nui tā ia wāhanga i roto i te tukanga manawa me te whakahaere i te taurite hau i roto i te tinana . Mā te ako me te mārama ki tēnei pūnaha, ehara i te mea ka mārama noa ki te mahi a ō tātou tinana, engari ka whakamārama anō hoki i te hiranga o te pupuri i te hauora o te manawa mā te noho hauora me te karo i ngā āhuatanga mōrearea pēnei i te momi hikareti me te parahanga o te hau. Mā te mahi pera, ka taea e tātou te pupuri i te mahi tino pai o tēnei pūnaha ora, me te taha o tēnā, ko tō tātou hauora me te oranga o ia rā.
