Isiokwu ahụ gbasara ọkụ eletrik tụlere njupụta nke ọkụ eletrik, a kọwakwara ubi eletrik ahụ n'isiokwu ahụ gbasara ubi eletrik. Ọgba eletriki na ọkụ eletrik dị n'ime onye na-eduzi ihe mgbe enwere ọdịiche dị n'etiti onye na-eduzi ihe; n'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụrụ na enweghị ọdịiche dị, ọ dịghị ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik dị.
N'ime ihe na-eduzi ígwè, oghere eletrik ahụ dabara kpọmkwem na njupụta ugbu a, ebe oke nke oghere eletrik na njupụta ugbu a bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe. A na-akpọ oke nke oghere eletrik na njupụta ugbu a ihe na-eguzogide nrụgide ma ọ bụ nguzogide kpọmkwem . N'ime mgbakọ na mwepụ, a na-egosipụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti oghere eletrik, njupụta ugbu a, na nguzogide kpọmkwem na nha nha:
Nkọwa: ρ = nguzogide kpọmkwem, E = ubi eletriki, J = njupụta ugbu a
Otu n'ime usoro eletriki bụ E = V/s ebe V = ọdịiche ike eletrik = voltaji eletriki na s = anya, yabụ nkeji nke ubi eletriki bụ Volt/mita (V/m). Usoro njupụta ugbu a bụ J = I/A ebe I = ọkụ eletrik na A = mpaghara obe nke onye na-eduzi ya, yabụ nkeji nke njupụta ugbu a bụ Ampere/mita squared (A/m 2 ). Usoro nguzogide bụ ρ = E/J yabụ nkeji nke nguzogide bụ V/m : A/m 2 = V/mxm 2 /A = V/A (m) = Ω m (gụọ: mita Ohm). Ω = Volt/Ampere bụ nkeji nke nguzogide eletriki, gbasara nkeji a ka akọwara na isiokwu gbasara iwu Ohm.
Ihe ndị na-egbochi eletriki ma ọ bụ ndị na-eduzi eletriki adịghị mma nwere uru kachasị elu nke iguzogide , ebe ndị na-eduzi eletriki ma ọ bụ ndị na-eduzi eletriki dị mma nwere uru kachasị ala nke iguzogide eletriki. Ka onye na-eduzi eletriki na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik nke ọma, otú ahụ ka iguzogide ya na-ebelata. Usoro nke ndị na-eduzi ígwè nwere nrụgide kachasị elu ruo nke kacha ala bụ tin, ígwè, aluminom, ọlaedo, ọla kọpa, ọlaọcha. Ya mere, a pụrụ ikwubi na uru iguzogide nke ihe na-egosi nha nke ikike ihe nwere igbochi ọkụ eletrik.
Onye nduzi dị mma nke na-erube isi n'iwu Ohm, n'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ụfọdụ, uru iguzogide ya na-adabereghị na mpaghara eletriki, nke pụtara na ọ bụrụ na oke mpaghara eletriki agbanwee, uru iguzogide agaghị agbanwe. N'aka nke ọzọ, onye nduzi nke na-anaghị erube isi n'iwu Ohm, uru iguzogide ya dabere na mpaghara eletriki, nke pụtara na ọ bụrụ na oke mpaghara eletriki agbanwee, uru iguzogide ya na-agbanwekwa.
Nguzogide nke ihe na-eduzi ígwè dabere na okpomọkụ. Ka okpomọkụ na-arị elu, nguzogide na-abawanye; n'aka nke ọzọ, ka okpomọkụ na-ebelata, nguzogide na-ebelata. Ka okpomọkụ na-abawanye, atọm na-agagharị ngwa ngwa ma na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-egbochi mmegharị nke elektrọn, na-ebelata ọsọ ha. Ka okpomọkụ na-ebelata, atọm na-agagharị nwayọ nwayọ ma na-aghọ ndị a haziri nke ọma, na-enye ohere maka usoro elektrọn dị nro.
Mgbanwe nke iguzogide bụ conductivity. N'ime mgbakọ na mwepụ, a na-egosipụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti resistive na conductivity site na nha nhata:
σ = 1/ρ
Nkọwa: σ = njikwa nduzi, ρ = iguzogide nduzi nduzi.
Ngụkọta nke iguzogide bụ Ωm yabụ nkeji nke njikwa bụ 1/Ωm = (Ωm)-1
Ndị na-eduzi eletriki ma ọ bụ ndị na-eduzi eletriki dị mma nwere ụkpụrụ conductivity kachasị elu, ebe ndị na-egbochi eletriki ma ọ bụ ndị na-eduzi eletriki na-adịghị mma nwere ụkpụrụ conductivity kacha ala. Ka onye na-eduzi eletriki na-eduzi eletriki nke ọma, otú ahụ ka conductivity ya na-abawanye. Usoro nke ndị na-eduzi ígwè nwere conductivity kachasị elu ruo nke kacha ala bụ ọlaọcha, ọla kọpa, ọlaedo, aluminom, ígwè, tin. Ya mere, a pụrụ ikwubi na uru conductivity nke ihe na-egosi nha nke ikike ihe ahụ nwere iji chụpụ ọkụ eletrik. Silver nwere nnukwu conductivity mana ọ dị oke ọnụ, ya mere a na-ejikarị ọla kọpa eme ihe dị ka onye na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik.
