Otu Hormones Thyroid si arụ ọrụ na Metabolism
A maara na homonụ thyroid bụ isi ihe na-achịkwa usoro dị iche iche nke ahụ mmadụ. Homonụ ndị a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịchịkwa metabolism, usoro nke na-eme ka ahụ gị na-enweta ike ọ chọrọ iji rụọ ọrụ kwa ụbọchị. Ịghọta otu homonụ thyroid si arụ ọrụ na metabolism nwere ike inye nghọta miri emi banyere mgbagwoju anya nke ahụ na ọrụ nke usoro ihe ndị dị ndụ dị n'ime ya.
Okwu Mmalite nke Hormones Thyroid
Thyroid bụ gland dị ka urukurubụba nke dị n'olu, dị n'okpuru apụl Adam. Ọ na-emepụta homonụ abụọ bụ isi: thyroxine (T4) na triiodothyronine (T3). Homonụ abụọ a nwere iodine, nke dị mkpa maka mmepụta na ọrụ nke homonụ thyroid. Ọtụtụ homonụ nke thyroid na-ewepụta bụ T4, nke a na-agbanwezi ka ọ bụrụ T3 n'ime anụ ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na T3 bụ ụdị na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro metabolic.
Usoro Ọrụ Hormone Thyroid
Iwu nke Mmepụta Hormone Thyroid
A na-achịkwa mmepụta homonụ thyroid site na axis hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid. Hypothalamus na-emepụta Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH), nke na-akpali gland pituitary imepụta Hormone na-akpali Thyroid (TSH). TSH na-akpali gland thyroid imepụta ma wepụta T4 na T3. Usoro nzaghachi na-adịghị mma na-eme ka ọkwa homonụ dị n'ime oke kachasị mma.
Ọrụ Bayọlọji nke Hormones Thyroid
Homonụ thyroid na-emetụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụ ndụ niile dị n'ahụ gị. Ha na-abanye na mkpụrụ ndụ ma na-ejikọ na ndị na-anabata ihe dị na nucleus nke mkpụrụ ndụ ahụ, nke nwere ike imetụta ngosipụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Mmetụta ndị a nwere ike ịdị sara mbara, site na mmepụta protein na ojiji ike ruo na mmegharị na ichepụta mkpụrụ ndụ.
Mgbanwe Basal
Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị bụ isi nke homonụ thyroid bụ ịbawanye ọnụego metabolic basal (BMR). BMR bụ ike ahụ chọrọ n'oge ezumike iji rụọ ọrụ ndị bụ isi dịka iku ume, mgbasa ọbara, na idobe mkpụrụ ndụ ahụ. Site n'ịbawanye BMR, homonụ thyroid na-enyere ahụ aka ịgbari kalori nke ọma, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ naghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Thermogenesis
Tinyere mmụba nke BMR, homonụ thyroid na-arụkwa ọrụ na thermogenesis, ma ọ bụ mmepụta okpomọkụ n'ime ahụ. Ha na-eme ka ọrụ nke enzymes ndị dị na oxidation nke nri dịkwuo elu iji mepụta okpomọkụ. Nke a dị oke mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ ahụ kwụsiri ike, karịsịa n'ebe oyi na-atụ.
Metabolism nke Carbohydrate na Abụba
Homonụ thyroid nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'otú ahụ si ahazi carbohydrates na abụba. Ọkwa homonụ thyroid kacha mma na-enyere aka ịbawanye nnabata glucose site na mkpụrụ ndụ ma na-eme ka glycolysis na gluconeogenesis dịkwuo ngwa ngwa - usoro abụọ dị mkpa na metabolism carbohydrate. Na metabolism abụba, homonụ thyroid na-akpali lipolysis, nke bụ mmebi nke abụba ka ọ bụrụ abụba efu nke enwere ike iji dị ka isi iyi ike.
Metabolism nke protein
N'ihe gbasara metabolism protein, homonụ thyroid nwere ma mmetụta anabolic na catabolic. Ọkwa homonụ thyroid kwesịrị ekwesị na-akwado mmepụta protein - na-enyere aka n'uto na ndozi anụ ahụ. Agbanyeghị, oke ọkwa homonụ thyroid nwere ike ibute mmebi protein, na-ebute mfu na adịghị ike.
Ọnọdụ Ahụike metụtara Hormones na Metabolism Thyroid
Ọrịa thyroid dị elu
Ọrịa thyroid bụ ọrịa ebe gland thyroid na-emepụta oke homonụ thyroid. Ọnọdụ a nwere ike ime ka metabolism dịkwuo ngwa ngwa ma kpatara ọtụtụ ihe mgbaàmà dịka mbelata ibu, obi ngwa ngwa, enweghị ike izu ike, na ọsụsọ gabigara ókè. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, hyperthyroidism nwere ike imebi akwara na anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ n'ihi oke metabolism ngwa ngwa.
Ọbara thyroid na-adịghị mma
N'ụzọ dị iche, hypothyroidism bụ ọnọdụ ebe gland thyroid anaghị emepụta homonụ thyroid zuru oke. Nke a na-ebelata metabolism metabolism, na-ebute mgbaàmà dịka mmụba ibu, ike ọgwụgwụ, obi ngwa ngwa, na enweghị ike ịnagide oyi. Hypothyroidism nwekwara ike ime ka cholesterol jupụta n'ọbara, nke na-eme ka ohere nke ọrịa obi na akwara dịkwuo elu.
Mmetụta nke Nri na Ọrụ Thyroid
Iri iodine dị mkpa maka mmepụta homonụ thyroid. Enweghị iodine nwere ike ibute nnukwu gland thyroid (goiter) na hypothyroidism. N'aka nke ọzọ, iri iodine gabigara ókè nwekwara ike ibute nsogbu thyroid. Ya mere, iri iodine kwesịrị ekwesị dị mkpa iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ thyroid nke ọma.
E wezụga iodine, ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa dịka selenium, iron, na zinc dịkwa mkpa maka ọrụ thyroid. Selenium dị mkpa maka mgbanwe nke T4 gaa na T3, iron na-etinye aka na mmepụta T4, zinc na-enyekwa aka ịchịkwa ọrụ nke ndị na-anabata thyroid na mkpụrụ ndụ.
Mmetụta nke Hormones Thyroid na Sistemụ Ahụ Ndị Ọzọ
Sistemụ Obi na Obi
Homonụ thyroid nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ọrụ obi. Ha na-emetụta ọsọ obi na ike nke mkpụkọ obi. Oke homonụ thyroid nwere ike ibute tachycardia (mkpọchi obi ngwa ngwa), ebe obere ọkwa nwere ike ibute bradycardia (mkpọchi obi nwayọ nwayọ).
Sistemụ Nrụgide
Homonụ thyroid dịkwa mkpa maka mmepe na ọrụ nke sistemu akwara. N'ime ụmụ ọhụrụ na ụmụaka, homonụ ndị a dị mkpa maka mmepe ụbụrụ. Enweghị homonụ thyroid n'oge mmepe nwere ike ibute nnukwu igbu oge n'uche na anụ ahụ. N'ime ndị okenye, homonụ thyroid na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe uche, ọnọdụ uche, na ọrụ nghọta.
Sistemụ nri
N'ime usoro nri, homonụ thyroid na-enyere aka ịchịkwa mmegharị eriri afọ. Obere ọkwa homonụ thyroid nwere ike ibute afọ ntachi, ebe oke ọkwa nwere ike ibute afọ ọsịsa.
Sistemụ Ọmụmụ
Homonụ thyroid na-emetụtakwa usoro ọmụmụ nwa. Nsogbu thyroid nwere ike ibute nsogbu n'oge nsọ nwanyị ma metụta ọmụmụ nwa. N'ime ụmụ nwoke, homonụ ndị a nwekwara ike imetụta mmepụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ọrụ mmekọahụ.
Mmechi
Homonụ thyroid na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ịchịkwa akụkụ dị iche iche nke metabolism nke ahụ, gụnyere basal metabolism, thermogenesis, na metabolism nke carbohydrates, abụba, na protein. Ha na-emetụtakwa usoro ahụ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche, site na sistemụ obi ruo na sistemụ akwara. Ya mere, ịnọgide na-enwe nguzozi homonụ thyroid bụ isi ihe dị mkpa maka ahụike zuru oke. Ịghọta otu homonu thyroid si arụ ọrụ nwere ike inyere anyị aka ịghọta nke ọma mkpa ọ dị ịnọgide na-enwe ahụike thyroid site na nri kwesịrị ekwesị na njikwa nrụgide dị mma.
Site n'ibi ndụ dị mma na inyocha ahụike mgbe niile, anyị nwere ike ijide n'aka na gland thyroid na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ka ahụ wee nọgide na-enwe ahụike ma nwee ike zuru oke iji mee ihe omume kwa ụbọchị.
