Ọrụ nke Myoglobin na Nchekwa Oxygen Akwara
Myoglobin bụ protein dị oke mkpa n'ahụ mmadụ na anụmanụ, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara ikike akwara ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma. A maara protein a dị ka "ebe nchekwa oxygen" n'ime anụ ahụ akwara. Ọrụ ya na-aghọ ihe dị oke mkpa mgbe akwara chọrọ nnukwu ike, dịka n'oge mmega ahụ , ịgba ọsọ, igwu mmiri, ma ọ bụ ihe omume anụ ahụ siri ike ndị ọzọ. Iji ghọta ihe mere myoglobin ji dị oke mkpa, anyị kwesịrị ịghọta ihe ọ bụ, nhazi ya, otu o si echekwa oxygen, na mmekọrịta ya na arụmọrụ akwara na ụfọdụ ọnọdụ ahụike.
Gịnị bụ myoglobin?
Myoglobin bụ protein dị n'ime sel akwara , ọkachasị akwara ọkpụkpụ na obi. Myoglobin na-enye aka nke ukwuu n'agba ọbara ọbara nke anụ na akwara, na-eme ka anụ baa ọgaranya na myoglobin (dịka anụ ehi) yie ka ọ na-acha ọbara ọbara karịa anụ nwere obere myoglobin.
N'ọrụ ya, ọrụ bụ isi nke myoglobin bụ ijikọ oxygen ma chekwaa ya n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara. Enwere ike ịhapụ oxygen a mgbe akwara chọrọ ike na ọbara ezughi oke iji gboo mkpa ozugbo.
Nhazi nke myoglobin na mmekọrịta ya na ọrụ ya
Myoglobin nwere otu polypeptide yinye (n'adịghị ka hemoglobin, nke nwere obere akụkụ anọ). Nhazi ya nke nwere akụkụ atọ na-enye myoglobin ohere ịmepụta "akpa" pụrụ iche nke nwere ike ijikọ molekul oxygen. Isi ihe dị mkpa maka ikike a bụ ọnụnọ nke otu heme - ihe owuwu nwere iron (Fe) n'etiti ya. Iron a na-ejikọ ozugbo na oxygen.
Ebe ọ bụ na ọ nwere naanị otu obere akụkụ, myoglobin nwere njirimara dị iche iche nke ijikọ oxygen karịa hemoglobin. Myoglobin nwere njikọ oxygen dị elu karịa hemoglobin. Nke a dị mma: hemoglobin na-ebufe oxygen site n'ọbara ma na-ewepụta ya ngwa ngwa na anụ ahụ, ebe ọrụ myoglobin bụ "ijide" oxygen dị ka ihe nchekwa n'ime akwara ma na-ahapụ ya naanị mgbe ọ dị mkpa.
Usoro nchekwa oxygen na akwara
Oxygen anyị na-eku ume na-abanye n'akpa ume, ebe ọ na-ejikọ na hemoglobin dị n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie ma na-ebuga ya n'ime ahụ dum site na arịa ọbara. Mgbe ọbara rutere n'anụ ahụ, a na-ewepụta oxygen ma gbasaa n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara. Nke a bụ ebe myoglobin na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa: ọ na-ejikọ ma na-echekwa oxygen.
Nchekwa oxygen a nwere ọtụtụ uru dị mkpa:
1. Nchekwa oxygen mgbe mkpa ahụ mụbara na mberede
Mgbe akwara na-arụ ọrụ ike na mberede, mkpa oxygen iji mepụta ike na-abawanye ngwa ngwa. Myoglobin na-enye oxygen nchekwa ozugbo tupu sistemu iku ume na mgbasa ọbara nwere ike ịgbanwe ma mee ka ikuku oxygen si n'akpa ume dịkwuo elu.
2. Na-eme ka ikuku oxygen gbasaa n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara
Myoglobin na-enyere aka "ibuga" oxygen site na elu sel gaa na mitochondria, ebe mmepụta ike site na iku ume aerobic. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, myoglobin na-eme ka nkesa oxygen dị n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara dị mfe.
3. Na-enyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe metabolism aerobic
Mmepụta ike site na ụzọ aerobic na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma karịa ụzọ anaerobic. Ọnụnọ nke myoglobin na-enye ohere ka akwara dị n'ọnọdụ aerobic ruo ogologo oge tupu ịgbanwee gaa na usoro anaerobic nke na-emepụta lactic acid.
Ọrụ nke myoglobin na mmega ahụ na egwuregwu
Mgbe anyị na-eme mmega ahụ siri ike, ahụ anyị chọrọ nnukwu ike. A na-emepụta ike a na mitochondria site na oxidation nke ihe oriri (glucose na abụba) site n'enyemaka nke oxygen. Myoglobin na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịhụ na ikuku oxygen na-enye mgbe niile.
N'oge mbụ nke mmega ahụ, myoglobin na-ewepụta oxygen ngwa ngwa iji gboo mkpa akwara. Nke a na-enyere aka belata "ụgwọ oxygen" mbụ. Ka myoglobin dị elu n'ime akwara, otú ahụ ka ikike ya ịchekwa oxygen na ịrụ ọrụ ogologo oge na-enweghị ike ọgwụgwụ.
Nke a na-akọwakwa ihe mere ndị egwuregwu na-enwe ntachi obi, dịka ndị na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge ma ọ bụ ndị na-egwu mmiri, ji enwe mgbanwe n'ahụ ha n'ụdị mmụba nke ikike oxidative nke akwara, gụnyere mmụba nke mitochondria na protein dị mkpa dịka myoglobin site na ọzụzụ mgbe niile.
Myoglobin n'ime anụmanụ na-egwu mmiri na mgbanwe dị oke njọ
Otu n'ime ihe atụ kachasị mma nke ọrụ myoglobin bụ n'ime anụmanụ ndị na-egwu mmiri dịka whale, seal, na dolphin. Anụmanụ ndị a nwere ike ịgba mmiri ruo ogologo oge na-enweghị iku ume. Otu n'ime ihe nzuzo ha dị na oke oke myoglobin dị n'ime akwara ha. Oke myoglobin a na-enye akwara ha ohere ịchekwa nnukwu oxygen, na-enye ha ohere ịnọgide na-agagharị ma dị ndụ n'okpuru mmiri na-enweghị oxygen sitere na ikuku.
N'eziokwu, n'ụdị ụfọdụ, ọkwa myoglobin dị elu nke na akwara na-adị ka ọchịchịrị. Na mgbakwunye na oke ya dị elu, myoglobin dị n'ime anụmanụ na-egwu mmiri nwekwara ihe pụrụ iche nke na-ebelata ọchịchọ nke protein ndị a ịrapara n'ọtụtụ dị elu, na-eme ka ha guzosie ike ma na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Kedu ihe dị iche n'etiti haemoglobin na myoglobin?
Ọ bụ ezie na ha abụọ jikọtara oxygen ma nwee heme, myoglobin na haemoglobin nwere ọrụ dị iche iche:
– Hemoglobin: A na-ahụ ya n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie, ọ na-arụ ọrụ ibuga oxygen site na ngụgụ gaa na anụ ahụ ma na-ebuga carbon dioxide laghachi na ngụgụ. O nwere obere mkpụrụ anọ ka o wee nwee ike ijikọ mkpụrụ ndụ oxygen anọ.
– Myoglobin: a na-ahụ ya n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara, ọ na-arụ ọrụ iji chekwaa oxygen ma nyere aka na mgbasa ya n'ime mitochondria. O nwere naanị otu obere akụkụ ma jikọta otu molekul oxygen.
Ọzọkwa, hemoglobin nwere ihe jikọrọ ya na njikọ, nke pụtara na njikọ nke otu oxygen na-eme ka njikọ nke ọzọ dị mfe. Myoglobin enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na njikọ; ọ na-ejikọ oxygen nke ọma, kwekọrọ na ọrụ ya dị ka ihe nchekwa.
Mmetụta nke myoglobin na ahụike
Myoglobin dịkwa mkpa n'ọnọdụ ahụike. Mgbe akwara mebiri emebi nke ukwuu, dịka ọmụmaatụ site na mmerụ ahụ dị njọ, ihe mberede, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ dịka rhabdomyolysis, myoglobin nwere ike ịgbapụta site na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara banye n'ọbara. Oke myoglobin dị n'ọbara nwere ike ịbanye n'akwara ma nwee ike ibute nsogbu akụrụ.
N'ọrụ ahụike, ọnụnọ nke myoglobin (ma ọ bụ ihe ndị sitere na ya) n'ime mmamịrị nwere ike ime ka ọ gbaa ọchịchịrị, dị ka tii ma ọ bụ cola. Nke a bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mmebi akwara dị njọ. Ọzọkwa, n'ọnọdụ nkụchi obi, myoglobin nwekwara ike ịbawanye elu n'ihi mmebi akwara obi, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị ihe nrịbama obi akọwapụtara (dị ka troponin) eme ihe ugbu a.
Mmechi
Myoglobin bụ protein akwara nke na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ichekwa na inye oxygen nye mkpụrụ ndụ akwara. Site na oke oxygen ya, myoglobin nwere ike ijikọ oxygen ewepụtara na hemoglobin ma chekwaa ya dị ka ihe nchekwa. Nchekwa a bara uru mgbe akwara chọrọ ike na mberede ma ọ bụ mgbe oxygen sitere na ọbara anaghị adabara mkpa ọrụ. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nchekwa ya, myoglobin na-enyekwa aka mee ka ikuku oxygen gbasaa na mitochondria, na-enye ohere ka metabolism aerobic na-aga n'ihu nke ọma.
Ọrụ Myoglobin pụtara ìhè n'egwuregwu, mgbanwe nke anụmanụ ndị na-agba mmiri, na n'ọgwụ dịka ihe na-egosi mmebi akwara. Site n'ịghọta ọrụ myoglobin, anyị nwere ike ịghọta nke ọma otu ahụ si achịkwa ọkọnọ oxygen iji kwado mmegharị ahụ, ntachi obi, na ahụike akwara n'ozuzu ya.
