Kev Sib Cuam Tshuam ntawm Tshuaj thiab Khoom Noj
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab zaub mov tshwm sim thaum qee yam khoom noj, dej haus, lossis cov as-ham cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj hauv lub cev. Cov teebmeem tuaj yeem sib txawv: cov tshuaj ua haujlwm tsawg dua, nws cov teebmeem ua rau muaj zog dhau, lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teebmeem sab nraud nce ntxiv. Vim tias cov tshuaj ua haujlwm los ntawm kev nqus, faib tawm, metabolism, thiab tshem tawm, yam peb noj kuj tuaj yeem "hloov pauv" txoj hauv kev ntawm cov tshuaj no. Kev nkag siab txog cov kev sib cuam tshuam no yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas noj tshuaj tas li, cov neeg laus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, thiab cov neeg mob uas muaj mob ntev.
Vim li cas khoom noj thiaj li cuam tshuam rau tshuaj?
Thaum noj tshuaj, lub cev yuav tsum nqus nws los ntawm txoj hnyuv zom zaub mov ua ntej. Cov khoom noj tuaj yeem ua rau lub plab zom mov qeeb lossis ua kom sai dua, hloov cov qib acidity, cuam tshuam rau cov enzymes zom zaub mov, thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov khoom xyaw nquag ntawm cov tshuaj. Ntxiv mus, qee cov khoom noj cuam tshuam rau cov enzymes siab (xws li CYP450 enzyme system) uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev zom cov tshuaj, ua rau cov ntshav nce lossis poob. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev nqus cov as-ham, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus vitamin lossis minerals yog tias siv ntev.
Hom kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom noj
Feem ntau, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab khoom noj tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom:
1. Kev sib cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau kev nqus
Qee yam khoom noj tuaj yeem khi cov tshuaj rau hauv txoj hnyuv lossis hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub plab thiab txoj hnyuv kom cov tshuaj tsis nqus tau zoo tshaj plaws.
2. Kev sib cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev
Cov khoom noj muaj peev xwm txwv lossis ua rau cov enzymes hauv siab ua haujlwm ntau dua. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav nyob hauv lub cev ntev dua lossis raug rhuav tshem sai dua ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
3. Kev sib cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj (pharmacodynamics)
Khoom noj muaj peev xwm ua rau cov tshuaj muaj zog lossis qaug zog, piv txwv li los ntawm nws cov nyhuv rau ntshav siab, ntshav txhaws, lossis cov piam thaj.
4. Kev sib cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam rau kev noj haus zoo
Qee cov tshuaj txo qhov kev nqus cov vitamins / minerals, lossis ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm kev ntshaw, uas thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Piv txwv ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom noj uas feem ntau tshwm sim
1. Txiv kab ntxwv qaub thiab qee cov tshuaj
Txiv kab ntxwv qaub paub tias cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam tshuaj los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub CYP3A4 enzyme hauv txoj hnyuv. Yog li ntawd, cov ntshav ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj txaus ntshai. Piv txwv li suav nrog qee cov tshuaj txo cov roj cholesterol (qee cov tshuaj statins), qee cov tshuaj ntshav siab, cov tshuaj rau kev mob plawv dhia ceev, thiab qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Vim tias cov teebmeem ntawm txiv kab ntxwv qaub tuaj yeem kav ntev heev, kev zam nws feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog tias tus kws kho mob lossis kws muag tshuaj ceeb toom.
2. Mis nyuj, calcium, thiab qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob
Cov khoom noj mis nyuj thiab cov tshuaj calcium ntxiv tuaj yeem khi cov tshuaj tua kab mob tetracycline (piv txwv li, doxycycline) thiab fluoroquinolones (piv txwv li, ciprofloxacin), txo lawv cov kev nqus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab ua rau kev kis kab mob nyuaj rau kho. Feem ntau nws raug pom zoo kom tseg qhov sib nrug ob peb teev ntawm kev noj tshuaj thiab haus mis nyuj lossis cov tshuaj minerals xws li calcium, magnesium, lossis hlau.
3. Vitamin K hauv cov zaub ntsuab thiab warfarin
Warfarin yog ib yam tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias uas cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm kev noj vitamin K. Cov zaub ntsuab xws li spinach, kale, broccoli, thiab mustard greens muaj vitamin K ntau, uas tuaj yeem txo cov teebmeem ntawm warfarin, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias cov neeg mob yuav tsum tsis txhob noj zaub, tab sis kev noj zaub mov tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb: kev noj vitamin K yuav tsum tas li txhua hnub kom cov tshuaj noj tau raws li qhov tsim nyog.
4. Caffeine thiab qee yam tshuaj
Cov caffeine hauv kas fes, tshuaj yej, thiab dej haus muaj zog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog ntxiv rau cov tshuaj uas ua rau lub plawv dhia ceev, lossis ua rau ntxhov siab thaum noj nrog qee cov tshuaj. Rau qee tus neeg, caffeine kuj cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj kho mob hawb pob (xws li theophylline) lossis qee cov tshuaj mob khaub thuas uas muaj cov tshuaj decongestants. Ntxiv mus, caffeine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev pw tsaug zog, txawm tias qee cov tshuaj xav tau kev so kom txaus kom rov zoo.
5. Cawv thiab ntau hom tshuaj yeeb
Cawv yog ib qho ntawm cov "kev sib cuam tshuam ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab" feem ntau. Cawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj tsaug zog zoo dua xws li cov tshuaj antihistamines qub, tshuaj pw tsaug zog, tshuaj ntxhov siab, thiab qee cov tshuaj mob, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob thiab teeb meem ua pa. Cawv kuj ua rau lub siab ntxhov siab; thaum muab nrog cov tshuaj uas kuj metabolized hauv lub siab, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub siab tuaj yeem nce ntxiv. Rau cov neeg uas muaj ntshav qab zib, cawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hypoglycemia thaum muab nrog insulin lossis qee cov tshuaj.
6. Cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev ntau thiab cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav siab
Qee cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav siab ua haujlwm los ntawm kev pab lub cev tso cov sodium thiab dej tawm, lossis los ntawm kev so cov hlab ntsha. Kev noj ntsev ntau ua rau cov ntshav siab nyuaj rau tswj, thiab cov tshuaj yuav zoo li tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Rau cov neeg mob ntshav siab, kev hloov pauv zaub mov feem ntau yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
7. Txiv tsawb, txiv kab ntxwv, thiab cov tshuaj uas txhawb nqa potassium
Qee cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ntau potassium. Rau cov neeg uas noj tshuaj uas ua rau cov potassium ntau ntxiv (piv txwv li, qee cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav siab xws li ACE inhibitors lossis potassium-sparing diuretics), kev noj potassium ntau heev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hyperkalemia. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem suav nrog qaug zog, xeev siab, thiab txawm tias lub plawv dhia tsis zoo. Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias yuav tsum tsis txhob noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo tag nrho, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab qhia kev kho mob.
Cov cai dav dav: haus ua ntej, tom qab, lossis nrog pluas noj?
Muaj coob tus neeg tsis meej pem txog thaum twg yuav tsum noj tshuaj. Feem ntau:
– "Thaum lub plab khoob" feem ntau txhais tau tias 1 teev ua ntej lossis 2 teev tom qab noj mov. Qhov no ua kom cov tshuaj nqus tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab zam kev cuam tshuam rau cov zaub mov.
– Feem ntau cov tshuaj uas siv tom qab noj mov yog cov uas yuav ua rau lub plab khaus lossis ua rau xeev siab. Khoom noj pab tiv thaiv daim ntaub hauv plab.
– "Nrog zaub mov" txhais tau tias cov tshuaj nqus tau zoo dua thaum muaj roj lossis qee yam zaub mov, lossis kom txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov cai no sib txawv nyob ntawm hom tshuaj. Tsis txhob cia siab rau kev nkag siab zoo; nyeem daim ntawv lo thiab sab laj nrog koj tus kws muag tshuaj.
Cov pab pawg uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntxiv
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab khoom noj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua hauv:
- Cov neeg laus, vim yog lub siab thiab lub raum ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab noj ntau yam tshuaj ntau zaus (polypharmacy).
- Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob ntev xws li ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, kab mob plawv, kab mob raum, thiab kab mob siab.
- Cov niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov niam pub niam mis, vim tias kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qib tshuaj thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab.
– Cov neeg uas noj cov tshuaj ntsuab xws li ginkgo, ginseng, lossis St. John's wort (hauv qee lub tebchaws). Txawm hais tias lawv yog "ntuj tsim," cov tshuaj ntsuab tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab khoom noj
Qee cov kauj ruam ua tau uas yuav ua tau:
1. Nyeem daim ntawv lo ntawm cov tshuaj thiab daim ntawv qhia txog cov tshuaj: feem ntau muaj cov lus ceeb toom txog cov khoom noj/dej haus uas yuav tsum tau zam.
2. Sau ib daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv uas koj noj, suav nrog cov vitamins, cov tshuaj ntsuab, thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kev noj haus. Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob/tus kws muag tshuaj.
3. Nug kom meej: "Cov tshuaj no noj tau nrog mis nyuj? Kas fes? Tshuaj yej? Cawv? Puas yuav tsum noj ua ntej lossis tom qab noj mov?"
4. Noj zaub mov kom tas li, tshwj xeeb yog tias noj tshuaj uas ua rau koj tsis haum rau qee yam khoom noj (piv txwv li, warfarin).
5. Yog tias tsim nyog, muab sijhawm rau koj noj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab mis nyuj lossis cov tshuaj minerals.
6. Saib xyuas cov tsos mob txawv txawv: kiv taub hau ntau dhau, xeev siab heev, tawm pob, lub plawv dhia ceev ceev, los ntshav, lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav siab/qab zib.
7. Tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob, txawm tias koj xav tias koj muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke los xij.
Kev kaw
Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj thiab cov khoom noj yog ib qho teeb meem tiag tiag uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev vam meej ntawm kev kho mob thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob. Qee qhov kev sib cuam tshuam tsuas yog ua rau cov tshuaj tsis zoo me ntsis, thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv loj heev. Qhov tseem ceeb yog cov ntaub ntawv tseeb, kev noj zaub mov tas li, thiab kev sib txuas lus nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab kws muag tshuaj. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog yam uas tuaj yeem thiab tsis tuaj yeem noj nrog cov tshuaj, peb tuaj yeem ua kom tau txiaj ntsig ntau tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob thaum txo qis kev pheej hmoo tsis xav tau.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem kho tsab xov xwm no kom meej dua, piv txwv li rau cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, tshuaj tua kab mob, lossis rau hom ntawv blog kev noj qab haus huv nrog cov ntawv me me thiab cov ntsiab lus luv luv dua.
