8 Piv txwv ntawm Cov Lus Nug Txog Qhov Muag Tsis Zoo
1. Txoj kev ntawm lub teeb uas qhia txog kev tsim ntawm ib daim duab los ntawm lub lens ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm tus neeg mob myopic tau pom nyob rau hauv daim duab...
Kev Sib Tham
Kev pom kev ze, lossis myopia, yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag uas ua rau lub qhov muag tsis pom cov khoom nyob deb kom meej. Qhov deb yog qhov deb tshaj plaws uas lub qhov muag ib txwm pom tau meej. Tus neeg ib txwm uas muaj lub qhov muag ib txwm muaj qhov deb tsis kawg.
Qhov ua rau pom kev ze yog vim lub cornea-lens system nkhaus dua (qhov kab rov tav ntawm lub qhov muag ntev dhau) ua rau qhov ntev ntawm lub cornea-lens system raug txo qis, ua rau cov teeb ci los ntawm cov chaw deb raug tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina. Cov teeb ci tsis muaj qhov kawg tsis raug tsom mus rau retina yog li cov hlwb hauv retina tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov nthwv dej teeb mus ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob kom xa mus rau lub hlwb.
Cov lus teb yog lawm yog A.
2. Ani muaj teeb meem qhov muag hyperopia (qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo). Qhov teeb meem qhov muag no yog tshwm sim los ntawm...
A. Qhov chaw deb ntawm lub qhov muag txav mus ze rau lub qhov muag
B. Qhov deb ntawm lub qhov muag txav deb ntawm lub qhov muag
C. Qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag txav mus ze rau lub qhov muag.
D. qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag txav deb ntawm lub qhov muag
Kev Sib Tham
Kev pom kev deb , lossis hyperopia, yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag uas lub qhov muag tsis pom cov ntsiab lus ze kom meej lossis qhov ze zoo li tsis meej. Qhov ze yog qhov deb tshaj plaws uas lub qhov muag ib txwm pom tau meej. Tus neeg nruab nrab uas muaj qhov muag ib txwm muaj qhov ze ntawm 25 cm. Cov neeg uas pom kev deb tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus deb kom meej, yog li nws tuaj yeem hais tias hauv hyperopia , qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag raug txav deb ntawm lub qhov muag.
Cov lus teb yog D.
3. Saib daim duab!
Cov teeb meem ntawm qhov muag thiab cov tsom iav twg tuaj yeem pab cov neeg mob uas muaj cov tsom iav no?
A. Kev pom kev deb thiab lub lens convex
B. Pom kev ze thiab cov iav concave
C. Pom kev ze thiab cov iav concave
D. Pom kev ze thiab lub lens convex
Kev Sib Tham
Cov qhov muag tsis zoo hauv daim duab saum toj no yog pom kev ze los yog myopia, sedaim duab qhia txoj kab teeb ci li cas hauv daim duab ntawm sab.
Kev pom kev ze yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag uas ua rau cov khoom nyob deb zoo li tsis meej. Qhov deb tshaj plaws yog qhov deb tshaj plaws uas lub qhov muag ib txwm pom tau meej. Tus neeg ib txwm uas muaj lub qhov muag ib txwm muaj qhov deb tsis kawg.
Qhov ua rau pom kev ze yog vim lub cornea-lens system nkhaus dua (qhov kab rov tav ntawm lub qhov muag ntev dhau) ua rau qhov ntev ntawm lub cornea-lens system raug txo qis, ua rau cov teeb ci los ntawm cov ntsiab lus deb raug tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina. Cov teeb ci tsis raug tsom mus rau ntawm retina yog li cov hlwb hauv retina tsis tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb. 
Cov nthwv dej teeb no dhau los ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob kom xa mus rau lub hlwb.
Thaum muab lub lens concave tso rau ntawm lub qhov muag , cov teeb ci tuaj yeem tsom mus rau ntawm retina . Lub lens diverging pab nthuav cov teeb ci kom lawv tuaj yeem tsom mus rau ntawm retina.
Cov lus teb yog B.
4. Kev tsim cov duab kom raug hauv cov teeb meem ntawm qhov muag myopic tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab ...
Kev Sib Tham
Kev pom kev ze lossis myopia yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag uas lub qhov muag tsis pom cov khoom nyob deb kom meej.
Qhov ua rau pom kev ze yog vim lub cornea-lens system nkhaus dua (qhov kab rov tav ntawm lub qhov muag ntev dhau) ua rau qhov ntev ntawm lub cornea-lens system raug txo qis, ua rau cov teeb ci los ntawm cov chaw deb raug tsom mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm retina. Cov teeb ci tsis muaj qhov kawg tsis raug tsom mus rau retina yog li cov hlwb hauv retina tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov nthwv dej teeb mus ua cov teeb liab hluav taws xob kom xa mus rau lub hlwb.
Cov lus teb yog lawm yog A.
5. Yog tias ib tug neeg muaj qhov muag tsis zoo uas ze li ntawm 50 cm, thiab xav nyeem ntawv ntawm qhov deb nyeem ntawv ib txwm (25 cm), tus neeg ntawd yuav tsum siv tsom iav uas muaj lub zog ntawm lub lens….
A. ½ diopter
B. ¾ diopters
C. 1 ½ diopters
D. 2 diopters
Kev Sib Tham
Tus neeg ntawd pom kev deb vim tias qhov ze ntawm lawv lub qhov muag yog 50 cm. Qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag ib txwm yog 25 cm. Kev pom kev deb yog kho los ntawm kev siv cov iav convex. Cov iav convex muaj qhov ntev focal zoo. Txawm hais tias cov tsom iav nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm lub qhov muag, qhov no tsis raug suav nrog hauv kev xam no.
Nws paub tias:
Nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag = qhov deb ntawm daim duab (s') = -50 cm
Daim duab yuav tsum nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex kom pom tau. Vim tias daim duab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex, daim duab yog virtual thiab muaj lub cim tsis zoo.
Qhov nrug nyeem ntawv ib txwm = qhov nrug ntawm yam khoom (s) = 25 cm
Tug: Lub zog ntawm cov iav tsom iav
Lus teb:
Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens convex (f):
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/25 – 1/50 = 2/50 – 1/50
1/f = 1/50
f = 50 cm
f = 0,5 meters = 5/10 meters = 1/2 meters
Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens convex yog qhov zoo vim tias cov teeb ci ntsa iab hla dhau qhov chaw ntawm lub lens convex.
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex (P) ntawm cov tsom iav:
P = 1 /f = 1 : f
P = 1 : 1/2
P = 1 x 2/1
P = 2/1
P = 2 diopters
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex ntawm cov tsom iav yog 2 diopters.
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex ntawm cov tsom iav yog qhov zoo vim tias qhov ntev ntawm lub lens convex yog qhov zoo.
Cov lus teb yog D.
6. Ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem pom kev tsis meej (hyperopia) nyeem tau phau ntawv ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 125 cm. Yuav kom nyeem tau ntawm qhov deb li ntawm 25 cm, tus neeg ntawd yuav tsum hnav tsom iav uas muaj lub zog ntawm lub lens....
A. 3 1/5 diopters
B. 2 ½ diopters
C. 1 3/5 diopters
D. 1 ¼ diopters
Kev Sib Tham
Tus neeg ntawd pom kev deb vim tias qhov ze ntawm lawv lub qhov muag yog 125 cm. Qhov ze ntawm lub qhov muag ib txwm yog 25 cm. Kev pom kev deb yog kho los ntawm kev siv cov iav convex.
Nws paub tias:
Nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag = qhov deb ntawm daim duab (s') = -125 cm
Daim duab yuav tsum nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex kom pom tau. Vim tias daim duab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex, daim duab yog virtual thiab muaj lub cim tsis zoo.
Qhov nrug nyeem ntawv ib txwm = qhov nrug ntawm yam khoom (s) = 25 cm
Tug: Lub zog ntawm cov iav tsom iav
Lus teb:
Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens convex (f):
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/25 – 1/125
1/f = 5/125 – 1/125
1/f = 4/125
f = 125/4
f = 31,25 cm
f = 0,3125 meters
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex (P) ntawm cov tsom iav:
P = 1 /f
P = 1/0,3125
P = 3,2 diopters
P = (3)(2/10) diopters
P = (3)(1/5) diopters
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex ntawm cov tsom iav yog 3,2 diopters = 3 1/5 diopters.
Cov lus teb yog lawm yog A.
7. Ib tug neeg nyeem tau meej meej ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50 cm. Yuav kom nws nyeem tau meej meej ntawm qhov deb ntawm 30 cm, lub zog ntawm cov iav tsom iav uas xav tau yog….
A. 1/3 diopter
B. 2/3 diopters
C. ¾ diopters
D. 4/3 diopters
Kev Sib Tham
Nws paub tias:
Nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj teeb meem ntawm lub qhov muag = qhov deb ntawm daim duab (s') = -50 cm
Daim duab yuav tsum nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex kom pom tau. Vim tias daim duab nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lens convex, daim duab yog virtual thiab muaj lub cim tsis zoo.
Kev nyeem ntawv nrug = qhov nrug ntawm yam khoom (s) = 30 cm
Tug: Lub zog ntawm cov iav tsom iav
Lus teb:
Qhov ntev ntawm lub lens convex (f):
1/f = 1/s + 1/s'
1/f = 1/30 – 1/50 = 5/150 – 3/150
1/f = 2/150
f = 150/2
f = 75 cm
f = 0,75 meters = 75/100 meters = 3/4 meters
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex (P) ntawm cov tsom iav:
P = 1 /f = 1 : f
P = 1 : 3/4
P = 1 x 4/3
P = 4/3 diopters
Lub zog ntawm lub lens convex ntawm cov tsom iav yog 4/3 diopters.
Cov lus teb yog D.
8. Saib daim duab hauv qab no ntawm kev tsim duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv lub qhov muag!
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub qhov muag thiab cov iav tsom iav siv los xyuas kom meej tias daim duab yog nyob rau ntawm retina yog….
Kev Sib Tham
Qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo: qhov muag tsis pom kev ze (myopia )
Yog tias muab lub lens concave lossis diverging tso rau ntawm lub qhov muag, cov teeb ci tuaj yeem tsom mus rau ntawm retina . Lub lens diverging pab nthuav cov teeb ci kom lawv thiaj li tsom mus rau ntawm retina tau meej.
Cov lus teb yog C.
Qhov chaw nug lus:
Cov Lus Nug Txog Kev Xeem Thoob Tebchaws ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Theem Nrab Qib Siab/Islamic Tsev Kawm Ntawv Theem Nrab Qib Siab Science
