ʻO ke olaola

ʻO ka ʻenehana olaola a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana Ua hoʻopilikia nā hoʻomohala ʻenehana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei i nā palena ma waena o ka biology a me ka psychology. ʻOiai ua hoʻomaopopo mua ʻia ka biology ma ke ʻano he haʻawina o ke kino—nā cell, nā ʻōpū, a me nā genes—ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia ka psychology ma ke ʻano he haʻawina o ka noʻonoʻo a me ke ʻano, ua hui pū nā mea ʻelua i kahi hui ʻana o ka hana nui: ʻenehana. Hāʻawi nā ʻenehana olaola a me ka noʻonoʻo i nā ala hou… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Pōmaikaʻi o nā Holoholona no ke Ola Kino o ke Kanaka Ua lilo nā holoholona i ʻāpana o ke ola kanaka no nā tausani makahiki. Mai nā pōpoki e hāʻawi ana i ka launa pū ma ka home, a i nā ʻīlio kūpaʻa e hāʻawi ana i ka palekana, a i nā iʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​manu e hāʻawi ana i kahi noho maluhia, ʻo ke alo o nā holoholona he mea ʻoi aku ma mua o ka leʻaleʻa wale nō. Nui ka poʻe i ʻike ua lilo ko lākou ola i mea mahana, ʻoi aku ka hoʻonohonoho ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka manaʻo… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Hopena o ka Radiation ma ke ʻAno Holoholona ʻO ka radiation kahi mea kaiapuni e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke ola o nā mea ola, me nā holoholona. Ma ke ʻano o ka biology, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka radiation ma ke ʻano he ikehu i hoʻopuka ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā nalu a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻāpana. ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻino mau ka loaʻa ʻana o ka radiation ma ke ʻano; hele mai ka radiation kūlohelohe mai nā kukuna cosmic, nā pōhaku, ka lepo, a me kekahi mau mea radioactive. Eia naʻe, i ka wā... E heluhelu hou aku

ʻO nā ʻōnaehana halihali i loko o nā invertebrates ʻO nā ʻōnaehana halihali nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia e nā meaola ola e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea koʻikoʻi—e like me ka oxygen, carbon dioxide, nā meaʻai, nā hormones, a me nā ʻōpala metabolic—mai kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino a i kekahi. I loko o nā invertebrates (nā holoholona me ka ʻole o nā iwi kuamoʻo), ʻokoʻa loa nā ʻōnaehana halihali, mai nā ʻōnaehana maʻalahi loa me ka ʻole o nā kino kūikawā a hiki i nā ʻōnaehana paʻakikī… E heluhelu hou aku

ʻO ke Kaiaolaola o ka Nahele Alpine a me ke Ola ʻO nā nahele Alpine kahi ʻano kaiaolaola mauna e hana ʻia ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, ma kahi kokoke a i ʻole ma lalo o ka laina lāʻau—kahi e lilo ai nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni i mea ʻino loa no ka ulu pono ʻana o nā lāʻau. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia kēia mau kaiaolaola he "mālie," akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, nā nahele... E heluhelu hou aku

ʻO ka ʻenehana meaʻai a me ke olaola He kahua e hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻenehana meaʻai a me ke olaola me ka piʻi ʻana o ke koi kanaka no ka meaʻai palekana, momona, kūpono ke kumukūʻai, a me ke kaiapuni. I waena o ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka honua, ka loli o ke aniau, a me ka palena o ka ʻāina, ʻo ka hana hou i ka ʻāpana meaʻai ke kī i ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana meaʻai. ʻO ka ʻenehana meaʻai—kahi e hoʻohana ana i nā meaola ola, nā cell, nā enzymes, a me nā kaʻina hana… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Pōmaikaʻi o nā Microorganisms i ka Hana ʻAi ʻO nā microorganisms he mau mea ola liʻiliʻi, e like me ka bacteria, ka hū, a me ka ʻōpala, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. ʻOiai e pili pinepine ana me ka maʻi, nui nā microorganisms e hāʻawi maoli i nā pono koʻikoʻi i nā kānaka, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻoihana meaʻai. I ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻokani nā microorganisms i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi ma o nā kaʻina hana fermentation, … E heluhelu hou aku

Ka Mana o nā Kumu Kaiapuni ma ka Hanu ʻana o nā Mea Kanu ʻO ka hanu ʻana o nā mea kanu he hana kino koʻikoʻi e hiki ai i nā mea kanu ke loaʻa ka ikehu no nā hana ola like ʻole, e like me ka ulu ʻana, ka mahele ʻana o nā cell, ka omo ʻana o nā meaʻai, ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea i loko o nā ʻiʻo, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hōʻino cell. ʻAʻole e like me ka photosynthesis, ka mea e hana ai i ka ikehu kemika ma ke ʻano o ka glucose me ke kōkua o ka mālamalama, hoʻopau ka hanu i nā pūhui organik... E heluhelu hou aku

Ke Kaʻina Hana Hanu ʻana i loko o nā Mea Ola Kino He hana koʻikoʻi ka hanu ʻana no nā mea ola a pau e loaʻa ai ka ikehu. I loko o nā mea ola kino—e like me ka bacteria, nā fungi microscopic, a me nā protozoa—ʻo ka hanu ke kī i ke ola, ka ulu ʻana, ka hānau hou ʻana, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻano kaiapuni like ʻole, mai ka lepo a me ka wai a i nā kino ola, i nā wahi koʻikoʻi e like me nā lua pele a i ʻole ka papahele o ke kai. ʻOiai ko lākou liʻiliʻi loa, nā mea ola kino… E heluhelu hou aku

ʻO ke Kaiaolaola Ululāʻau Lua a me kona Ola ʻO nā ululāʻau lua he mau ululāʻau e ulu hou ana ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā haunaele nui i ka ululāʻau mua (mua), e like me ka ʻoki lāʻau ʻana, ke ahi, ka mahiʻai neʻe ʻana, nā ʻino, a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pono hana. ʻOiai ua manaʻo pinepine ʻia he "liʻiliʻi ka waiwai" ma mua o nā ululāʻau mua, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko nā ululāʻau lua i ke kaiaolaola. He hōʻike lākou i ka hiki o ke kūlohelohe ke hoʻōla - kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe kahi… E heluhelu hou aku