Ingancin sauti - matsaloli da mafita
1. Maki A da B suna nan a mita 4 da mita 9 daga tushen sautin. Idan I A da I B suna da ƙarfi a wuri A da wuri B, to I A : I B =…
An sani:
Nisa tsakanin maki A da tushen sauti (rA ) = mita 4
Nisa daga wurin B daga tushen sauti (rB ) = mita 9
Ingancin sauti a wurin A = I A
Ingancin sauti a wurin B = I B
Ana so: I A : I B
Magani:
I A r A 2 = I B r B 2
I A 4 2 = I B 9 2
I A 16 = I B 81
I A / I B = 81/16
2. Ƙarfin tushen sauti shine 10 −9 Wm −2 . I o = 10 −12 Wm −2 . Menene matakin sauti na tushen sautuka 10?
Magani:
An sani:
I = 10 -9 W/m 2
I o = 10 -12 W/m 2
x = 10
Sananne: Matsayin sauti (β)
Magani:
3. Matsayin sautin tushen sauti shine 10 dB. Menene ƙarfin tushen sauti 1000? Mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin I o = 10 −12 Wm −2.
An sani:
β = 10 dB
I o = 10 -12 W/m 2
x = 1000
Ana so : Tsanani
Magani:
Ingancin tushen sauti:
Ƙarfin tushen sauti 1000:
I = (1000)(10 -11 ) = (10 3 )(10 -11 )
I = 10 -8 W/ m2
4. Matsayin sauti na A shine 40 dB, kuma matakin sauti na B shine 60 dB. I o = 10 -12 W m -2 . Kayyade 100β A : 10β B.
An sani:
Matsayin sauti na A = 40 dB
Matsayin sauti na B = 60 dB
I o = 10 -12 W m -2.
Ana buƙata : 100β A : 10β B
Magani:
Sautin 100A:
β = 40 + 10 rajistan 100
β = 40 + 10 rajista 10 2
β = 40 + (2)(10)(log 10)
β = 40 + (2)(10)(1)
β = 40 + 20
β = 60 dB
Sautin B na 10:
β = 60 + 10 rajistan 10
β = 60 + 10 rajista 10 1
β = 60 + (1)(10)(log 10)
β = 60 + (1)(10)(1)
β = 60 + 10
β = 70 dB
βA : βB
60: 70
6: 7
5. Idan batu na P shine tushen sauti, to rabon ƙarfin sauti a maki S, R, da Q shine…
An sani:
Nisa daga wurin Q daga tushen sauti (r)Q) = mita 3
Nisa daga wurin R daga tushen sauti (r R ) = mita 6
Nisa daga wurin S daga tushen sauti (r S ) = mita 5
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin Q = I Q
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin R = I R
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin S = I S
Ana so: Kwatanta ƙarfin sauti a maki S, R, da Q (I S : I R : I Q )
Magani:
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin S:
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin R:
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin Q :
Kwatanta ƙarfin sauti a maki S, R, da Q:
6. Maki A shine P daga tushen sauti, maki B shine 2P daga tushen sauti kuma maki C shine 4P daga tushen sauti. Kwatanta ƙarfin sauti a A, B, da C shine…
An sani:
Nisa daga tushen sauti (r A ) = P
Nisa daga tushen sauti (r B ) = 2P
Nisa daga tushen sauti (r C ) = 4P
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin A = I A
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin B = I B
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin C = I C
Ana so: Kwatanta ƙarfin sauti a A, B, da C (I A : I B : I C )
Magani:
Ƙarfin sauti a wuri na A:
Ƙarfin sauti a wuri na B:
Ƙarfin sauti a wurin t C:
Kwatanta ƙarfin sauti a A, B, da C:
7. Jimillar mutane 100 ne ke rera waƙa. Idan matakin ƙarfin sautin ɗalibi ɗaya lokacin rera waƙa shine 40 dB (idan aka yi la'akari da kowane yaro iri ɗaya ne), to ƙarfin sautin da aka samu shine ... (I o = 10 -12 Wm -2 )
An sani:
Matsayin ƙarfin ɗalibi ɗaya (TI) = 40 dB
I o = 10 -12 W/m 2
Adadin ɗalibai (x) = 100
Ana Neman: Ƙarfin sauti na ɗalibai 100
Magani:
Ƙarfin sauti na ɗalibi:
Ƙarfin sauti na ɗalibai 100:
I x = (x)(I)
I x = (100)(10 -8 ) = (10 2 )(10 -8 )
I x = 10 -6 W/m 2
8. Ƙarfin sautin na injuna 100 iri ɗaya shine 10 -7 Watt.m -2 . Idan I o = 10 -12 Watt.m -2 , to matakin ƙarfin sautin na'ura shine…
An sani:
Ƙarfin sauti na injuna 100 (I x ) = 10 -7 Watt.m -2
I o = 10 -12 W/m 2
Adadin injunan (x) = 100 = 10 2
Want : Matsayin ƙarfin sauti na na'ura (TI)
Magani:
Ingancin sauti na injin:
I x = (x)(I)
10 -7 = (10 2 )(I)
I = 10 -7 / 10 2 = (10 -7 )(10 -2 ) = 10 -9
Matsayin ƙarfin sauti na na'ura (TI):
9. Ƙarfin sautin tushen sauti shine 6 x 10 -6 W/cm 2. Idan matakin ƙarfin sauti ya ƙaru da 10 db, a tantance ƙarfin sauti.
An sani:
Tsanani (I) = 6 x 10 -6 W/cm 2
I o = 10 -12 W/m 2 = 10 -12 W / 10 4 cm 2 = 10 -16 W/cm 2
Ana so: T ƙarfin sauti
Magani:
Ƙarin ƙarfin sauti na 10 W/m 2 = 10 -3 W/cm 2 daidai yake da ƙarin matakin ƙarfin sauti na 10 dB. Ƙarin ƙarfin sauti na 10 2 W/m 2 = 10 -2 W/cm 2 daidai yake da ƙara matakin ƙarfin sauti na 20 dB. Da sauransu.
Idan matakin ƙarfin ya ƙaru da 10 dB, ƙarfin yana ƙaruwa da 10 -3 W/cm 2. Don haka ƙarfin yana zama 6 x 10 -6 W/cm 2 ) + ( 10 -4 W/cm 2 ) = (6 x 10 -6 W/cm 2 ) + (100 x 10 -6 W/cm 2 ) = 106 x 10 -6 W/cm 2.
10. Mai lura da sauti A yana da nisan mita 5 daga tushen sauti. Yayin da mai lura da sauti B yana da nisan mita 10 daga tushen sauti iri ɗaya. Don haka rabon ƙarfin sauti da masu lura B da A ke ji shine…
An sani:
Nisa tsakanin A da tushen sauti (rA ) = mita 5
Nisa tsakanin B da tushen sauti (rB ) = mita 10
Ana so: Rabon ƙarfin sauti da masu lura suka ji B da A
Magani:
I B : I A = 1: 4
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
- Menene ƙarfin sauti kuma ta yaya ya bambanta da ƙarfi?
- Amsa: Ƙarfin sauti ma'auni ne na ƙarfin sauti a kowace yanki na naúra, yawanci ana auna shi da watts a kowace murabba'in mita (W/m)2). A gefe guda kuma, ƙarar sauti fahimta ce ta mutum game da ƙarfin sauti, wanda aka fi aunawa da decibels (dB). Duk da cewa ƙarfi ma'aunin zahiri ne, ƙarar abu ne da mutum zai iya fahimta wanda zai iya bambanta tsakanin mutane.
- Ta yaya dokar murabba'i mai juyawa ke da alaƙa da ƙarfin sauti?
- Amsa: Dokar murabba'i mai juyi ta bayyana cewa ƙarfin sauti yana raguwa da murabba'in nisan da tushen yake. Wannan yana nufin cewa yayin da kake matsawa nesa da tushen, ƙarfin yana raguwa da sauri.
- Me yasa sautuka biyu masu ƙarfi iri ɗaya ba lallai bane su sami irin sautin da ake ji iri ɗaya ba?
- Amsa: Kunnen ɗan adam yana da nau'ikan motsin rai daban-daban ga mitoci daban-daban. Saboda haka, ko da sautuka biyu suna da ƙarfi iri ɗaya amma mitoci daban-daban, ana iya ɗaukar su a matsayin suna da matakan ƙara daban-daban.
- Ta yaya ƙarfin sauti yake da alaƙa da girman raƙuman sauti?
- Amsa: Ƙarfin sauti yana daidai da murabba'in girman sautin. Idan aka ninka girman sautin sautuka sau biyu, ƙarfin zai ƙaru da sau huɗu.
- Me yasa za a iya jin rada a cikin ɗaki mai natsuwa, amma irin wannan rada kusa da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi ba za a ji ta ba?
- Amsa: Wannan ya faru ne saboda bambancin matakan hayaniyar bango. A cikin ɗaki mai natsuwa, matakin hayaniyar bango yana da ƙasa, wanda ke ba da damar yin rada ta fito fili. Kusa da wani ruwa mai zurfi, hayaniyar mai ƙarfi tana ɓoye rada mai natsuwa, wanda hakan ke sa ba a jin ta.
- Menene matakin ji da kuma matakin ciwo dangane da ƙarfin sauti?
- Amsa: Ƙofar ji ita ce mafi shiru da kunnen ɗan adam na yau da kullun zai iya ji, yawanci a cikin ƙarfin kusan Makomar ciwo, wadda ke wakiltar matakan sauti waɗanda ka iya haifar da ciwo da kuma yiwuwar lalacewa ga kunne, tana kusa .
- Me yasa sautuka suke kama da shiru idan aka ji su ta bango ko wani shinge?
- Amsa: Idan raƙuman sauti suka haɗu da wani shinge, wani ɓangare na kuzarin yana bayyana, yana sha, kuma yana watsawa. Sha da tunani suna rage ƙarfin sautin da ake watsawa ta hanyar shingen, suna sa sautin ya yi shiru.
- Ta yaya mita ke shafar ƙarfin sautin da kayan aiki ke sha?
- Amsa: Kayayyaki daban-daban suna da ma'aunin sha daban-daban don mitoci daban-daban. Misali, ƙananan mitoci (sautin bass) suna da wahalar sha kuma suna iya shiga cikin bango cikin sauƙi fiye da mitoci masu girma.
- Me yasa wuraren kade-kade da gidajen sinima ke saka hannun jari wajen kare sauti da kuma maganin sauti?
- Amsa: Kare sauti yana taimakawa wajen hana hayaniya daga waje da ba a so kuma yana hana sauti fitowa daga waje, yana tabbatar da cewa sautin da ake so ne kawai ake ji a cikin wurin. Maganin sauti yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa motsin sauti a cikin wurin don tabbatar da rarraba sauti mai tsabta da daidaito.
- Ta yaya ƙarfin sauti yake da alaƙa da yuwuwar lalacewar ji?
- Amsa: Tsawon lokaci da aka shagaltu da sautin da ke da ƙarfi sosai zai iya haifar da lalacewar ji ko asara. Ƙarfin da tsawon lokacin da aka shagaltu da shi duka suna taka rawa; ko da ɗan gajeren lokacin da aka shagaltu da sautin da ke da ƙarfi sosai zai iya haifar da lalacewa ta dindindin, yayin da dogon lokaci da aka shagaltu da sautin da ke da ƙarfi sosai zai iya zama cutarwa.
