Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Lipolasitiki le Litšebeliso tsa Liindasteri
Polasetiki ke e 'ngoe ea thepa e feto-fetohang ka ho fetisisa indastering ea sejoale-joale. Boteng ba eona hoo e ka bang lefapheng le leng le le leng la bophelo, ho tloha malapeng le liofising ho ea liindastering tse kholo, bo bontša bohlokoa ba eona. Polasetiki ha e bonolo feela ho e sebelisa empa hape e na le matla, ho tšoarella le thepa e meng e etsang hore e be molemo haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng. Sehloohong sena, re tla tšohla mefuta ea polasetiki e sebelisoang haholo indastering le lits'ebetsong tsa eona tse tloaelehileng.
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Mefuta ea Polyethylene
– Polyethylene e nang le Boima bo Holimo (HDPE)
– Polyethylene e nang le Boima bo Tlase (LDPE)
– Polyethylene e Tlase e Moqotetsane (LLDPE)
Lisebelisoa tsa HDPE
HDPE e sebediswa tlhahisong ya dibotlolo tsa lebese tsa polasetiki, dijana le diphaephe tsa metsi. HDPE e hanela dihlapolli tse ngata, e leng se etsang hore e lokele ditshebediso tse hlokang ho hanela dikhemikhale.
Likopo tsa LDPE
LDPE e sebelisoa ho etseng polasetiki e phuthelang, mekotla ea polasetiki le libotlolo tse bonolo. LDPE e tenyetseha haholo 'me e na le khanyetso e ntle khahlanong le mongobo le lik'hemik'hale.
Likopo tsa LLDPE
Hangata LLDPE e sebelisoa indastering ea lifilimi tsa polasetiki, moo ho hlokahalang matla a ho thapolla le ho taboha ho phahameng. Mehlala e kenyelletsa li-liners tse otlollang le tsa ho paka.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Litšebeliso tsa Polypropylene
PP e tsebahala ka matla a yona, ho tenyetseha ha yona le ho hanyetsa dikhemikhale. PP e atisa ho sebediswa tlhahisong ya diphutheloana tsa dijo, dijana tsa polokelo, dikarolo tsa dikoloi tse kang di-bumper, le difilimi tsa polasetiki tsa letsopa bakeng sa dibetri.
3. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Mefuta ea PVC
- PVC e tiileng
- PVC e tenyetsehang
Likopo tse thata tsa PVC
PVC e tiileng e sebelisoa ho etseng liphaephe, liforeimi tsa lifensetere le liprofaele tsa meaho. Matla a eona le ho hanyetsa mollo li etsa hore e be khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa kahong.
Likopo tse tenyetsehang tsa PVC
PVC e tenyetsehang e sebelisoa likhoeleng tsa motlakase, likoahelong tsa fatše le liphahlong. Ho tenyetseha ha eona le ho feto-fetoha ha eona ho etsa hore e be bonolo haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.
4. Polystyrene (PS)
Litšebeliso tsa Polystyrene
Polystyrene e ka fumanoa ka har'a foam (joalo ka Styrofoam) le liforomo tsa polasetiki e thata. Litšebeliso tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa lijana tsa lijo tse potlakileng, ho thibela mocheso le ho paka ka mokhoa o sireletsang. Melemo ea eona e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tsa eona tse tlase le bonolo ba ho e etsa.
5. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET kapa PETE)
Likopo tsa PET
PET e sebelisoa haholo ka libotlolong tsa lino le liphuthelong tsa lijo. Ho hlaka ha eona ha mahlo, matla le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale li etsa hore e be khetho e ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso moo ho hlokahalang ponaletso le tšitiso ea likhase le mongobo.
6. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
Kopo ea ABS
Hangata ABS e sebelisoa bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki tse kang mabokose a lik'homphieutha, lisebelisoa tsa lapeng le likarolo tsa likoloi. Ho hanyetsa ha eona tšusumetso le ho boptjoa ha eona ho etsa hore e ratoe liindastering tse fapaneng.
7. Nylon (Polyamide)
Litšebeliso tsa Nylon
Nylon e sebelisoa masela ho etsa masela, hammoho le likarolong tsa mochini tse kang li-gear le li-bearing. Matla a eona a matle a mechini le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala li etsa hore e be khetho e tloaelehileng lits'ebetsong tsa boenjiniere.
8. Polycarbonate (PC)
Litšebeliso tsa Polycarbonate
PC e tsebahala ka ho hanyetsa ha eona tšusumetso e ntle le ho pepesehela optical. E sebelisoa ho etseng khalase ea polokeho, lilense tsa optical le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka. Litšobotsi tsena li boetse li etsa hore e sebelisoe khafetsa lits'ebetsong tsa meaho e matla haholo.
9. Polyurethane (PU)
Litšebeliso tsa Polyurethane
PU e sebelisoa ka mefuta e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa le foam e tenyetsehang le e thata. Litšebeliso tsa eona li kenyelletsa materase, mesamo le ho thibela mocheso. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho bōptjoa ho fihlela mefuta e mengata ea ho thatafala le ho se sebetse hantle bo etsa hore PU e be molemo haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri.
10. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Likopo tsa PTFE
PTFE, e tsebahalang haholo ka lebitso la Teflon, e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang k'hemik'hale le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, joalo ka li-gasket, litiiso le ho thibela motlakase. Matla a eona a ho se khomarele a boetse a etsa hore e be ntle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho pheha tse kang lipitsa le lipane.
Qetello
Mofuta o mong le o mong oa polasetiki o na le thepa e ikhethang e etsang hore e be e loketseng lits'ebetsong tse itseng. Ho tloha ho tenyetseheng ha LDPE ho ea matla a mechini a nylon, ho tloha ho pepeneneng ha PET ho ea ho khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale ea PTFE—liplastiki li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ntlafatsong ea indasteri ea sejoale-joale. Ho utloisisa mefuta ea polasetiki le lits'ebetso tsa eona tse tloaelehileng ho lumella liindasteri ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tsona tse ikhethileng. Sena ha se ntlafatse feela katleho ea tlhahiso le boleng empa hape se tšehetsa boqapi le botsitso. Ka hona, tsebo ea mefuta ea polasetiki le lits'ebetso tsa eona ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa setsebi se seng le se seng sa indasteri.
