Lipotso tsa Mohlala oa Puisano ea Methapo ea Mokokotlo
Pendahuluan
Sistimi ea methapo ke e 'ngoe ea litsamaiso tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa 'meleng oa motho, kaha e ikarabella bakeng sa ho laola mesebetsi ea' mele, ho sebetsana le tlhahisoleseling ea kutlo, le ho laola karabelo ea 'mele linthong tse susumetsang tsa kantle le tsa ka hare. Karolo e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ea sistimi ea methapo ke lesapo la mokokotlo, le tsejoang hape e le lesapo la mokokotlo. Mothapo ona o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho hokahanyeng boko le likarolo tse fapaneng tsa 'mele le ka tsela e fapaneng. Sengoloa sena se tla tšohla lipotso tse 'maloa tsa mehlala tse amanang le lesapo la mokokotlo le litlhaloso tsa tsona.
Methapo ea Lesapo la Mokokotlo ke Eng?
Mothapo oa lesapo la mokokotlo ke karolo ea tsamaiso ea methapo e ka ntle e tlohang mothapong oa lesapo la mokokotlo ka har'a kanale ea lesapo la mokokotlo. Methapo ena e sebetsa e le litsela tsa puisano pakeng tsa boko le litho tsa 'mele' me e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho laoleng metsamao ea reflex. Ho batho, ho na le lipara tse 31 tsa methapo ea lesapo la mokokotlo tse arotsoeng ka likarolo tse 'maloa: ea molomo oa mokokotlo, ea sefuba, ea lumbar, ea sacral le ea coccygeal.
Lipotso tsa Mehlala le Puisano
Potso ea 1: Hlalosa mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa methapo ea mokokotlo.
Puisano:
Mokokotlo oa mokokotlo o na le mesebetsi e 'maloa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa' mele, ho kenyeletsoa:
1. Phetiso ea Tšusumetso ea Methapo: Mothapo oa mokokotlo o sebetsa e le tsela ea mantlha ea ho fetisa maikutlo a methapo pakeng tsa boko le 'mele oohle. Sena se lumella boko ho sebetsana le tlhahisoleseling ea kutlo ho tsoa likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele le ho romela likarabo tse loketseng.
2. Li-Reflex tsa Lesapo la Mokokotlo: Lesapo la mokokotlo le bapala karolo ea ho laola metsamao ea 'mele ea reflex, e leng likarabo tse sa ikemisetseng, tse iketsahallang ho ntho e susumetsang. Mohlala oa reflex ena ke reflex ea lengole e hlahang ha ngaka e otla tendon ea patellar.
3. Kabo ea Tlhahisoleseding: E ikarabella bakeng sa ho aba matšoao a amohetsoeng ho tsoa bokong ho ea likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele le ho bokella tlhahisoleseling ea kutlo e tla khutlisetsoa bokong.
4. Ho Kopanya Metsamao: Ho sebetsa le dibopeho tse ding tsamaisong ya methapo ho hokahanya metsamao e rarahaneng ya mmele.
Potso ea 2: Bolela le ho hlalosa mefuta ea methapo ea mokokotlo 'meleng oa motho.
Puisano:
Methapo ea lesapo la mokokotlo ho batho e arotsoe ho latela likarolo tsa eona tsa tšimoloho 'me e kenyelletsa:
1. Methapo ea Molomo oa Popelo: E entsoe ka lipara tse 8 tsa methapo (C1-C8) e sebetsang ho laola mesifa ea molala, mahetla, matsoho le matsoho le ho amohela matšoao a kutlo ho tsoa libakeng tse tšoanang.
2. Methapo ea Sefuba: E na le lipara tse 12 tsa methapo (T1-T12) tse amehang ho laoleng ts'ebetso ea mesifa ea sefuba le mpa e ka holimo.
3. Methapo ea Lumbar: E na le lipara tse 5 tsa methapo (L1-L5) tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho laola mesifa ea 'mele o ka tlase joalo ka letheka, pelvis, maoto a ka holimo le maoto a ka tlase.
4. Methapo ea Sacral: E entsoe ka lipara tse 5 tsa methapo (S1-S5) tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho laola mosebetsi oa litho tsa pelvic, tse kang senya le mala, hammoho le mesifa maotong.
5. Mothapo oa Coccygeal: O na le para e le 'ngoe ea methapo (Co1), e phethang karolo mosebetsing oa lesapo la mohatla le sebaka se senyenyane se o potileng.
Potso ea 3: Mokhoa oa ho thiba lengole o sebetsa joang?
Puisano:
Ho kgutlela morao lengoleng, ho tsejwang hape e le patellar reflex, ke mohlala wa ho kgutlela morao habonolo ho kenyeletsang lesapo la mokokotlo. Tshebetso ena e tjena:
1. Ha tendon ea patellar e otloa, li-receptor tse mesifa ea quadriceps (li-receptor tse otlollang) li lemoha liphetoho boleleleng ba mesifa.
2. Litšusumetso tsa kutlo li romeloa ka methapo ea kutlo ho ea mokokotlong.
3. Mothapong oa mokokotlo, li-neuron tsa kutlo li hokahana ka ho toba le li-neuron tsa motlakase ntle le ho kenella ho tsoa bokong (ts'ebetso ena ke eona e etsang hore patellar reflex e be karabelo e potlakileng).
4. Neuron ea motlakase e khutlisetsa maqhubu a mesifa ho mesifa ea quadriceps, e leng se etsang hore e honyele.
5. Sephetho sa ho honyela hona ha mesifa ke ho raha ha lengole ho bonahalang.
Potso ea 4: Ho etsahala'ng haeba karolo e 'ngoe ea mothapo oa mokokotlo e lemetse?
Puisano:
Ho lemala karolong efe kapa efe ea lesapo la mokokotlo ho ka ba le liphello tse tebileng ho latela sebaka le boima ba lona, ho kenyeletsoa:
1. Ho holofala ha setho: Ho latela sebaka seo kotsi e leng ho sona, ho ka fella ka tahlehelo e itseng kapa e felletseng ya motsamao (ho holofala) ka tlasa sebaka seo kotsi e leng ho sona.
2. Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo: Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo karolong ea 'mele e sirelelitsoeng ke mothapo oa mokokotlo o lemetseng.
3. Ho se sebetse hantle ha litho: Haeba methapo e amehang ho laoleng litho tsa ka hare e ameha, ho ka ba le tšitiso mosebetsing oa setho seo, joalo ka mosebetsi oa ho hema kapa oa ho sila lijo.
4. Li-reflex tse feteletseng kapa tse fokotsehileng: Likotsi tsa methapo le tsona li ka baka li-reflex tse sa tloaelehang, tsa feteletsoa kapa tsa nyamela ka ho feletseng.
Qetello
Mothapo oa mokokotlo o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tsamaisong ea methapo ea motho. Kutloisiso e felletseng ea mosebetsi le mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea mothapo oa mokokotlo e bohlokoa bakeng sa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle le baithuti ba ithutang baeloji kapa bongaka. Lipotso tsena tsa mehlala le lipuisano li tla fana ka setšoantšo se hlakileng sa ts'ebetso ea mothapo oa mokokotlo le litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa ho holofala.
Ka hona, ho boloka bophelo bo botle ba lesapo la mokokotlo ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea methapo ea mokokotlo le ho thibela likotsi tse ka bang kotsi. Thuto le likeletso mabapi le tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba lesapo la mokokotlo li hloka ho eketsoa ho thibela kotsi ea kotsi ea lesapo la mokokotlo.
