Mohlala oa Potso ea Puisano holim'a Motlakase o Jarang Terata e Selikalikoe
Pendahuluan
Terata e kobehileng e jereng motlakase ke karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse ngata tsa fisiks le boenjiniere ba motlakase. Ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea motheo le lipalo tsa matla a makenete a hlahisoang ke terata ena ho bohlokoa masimong a fapaneng, ho tloha moralo oa enjene ea motlakase ho isa ho li-sensor tsa matla a makenete. Sengoloa sena se hlahloba mathata a 'maloa a mehlala le litharollo tsa ona ho thusa babali ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea motheo ea terata e kobehileng e jereng motlakase.
Matla a makenete a Sebetsoang ke Terata e Kopantsoeng
Molao oa Biot-Savart
Molao oa Biot-Savart o fana ka motheo oa ho bala matla a makenete a potolohileng terata e tsamaisang motlakase. Sebopeho sa motheo sa molao oa Biot-Savart ke se latelang:
\[
d\mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0}{4\pi} \cdot \frac{I d\mathbf{l} \linako \mathbf{\hat{r}}}{r^2}
\]
Moo:
– \( \mathbf{B} \) ke matla a makenete
– \( \mu_0 \) ke ho kenella ha vacuum (\( 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \ \text{H/m} \))
– \(I \) ke motlakase o kenang
– \( d\mathbf{l} \) ke karolo e nyane ea terata
– \( \mathbf{\hat{r}} \) ke vekthara ya yuniti e shebileng ho tloha karolong ya terata ho ya ntlheng ya ho shebella
– \( r \) ke sebaka se pakeng tsa karolo ea terata le ntlha ea ho shebella
Terata e le 'Ngoe e Ikopantseng
Tšimo ea makenete bohareng ba selika-likoe sa terata se chitja se nang le radius \( R \) le current \( I \) ke:
\[
B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2R}
\]
Mohlala oa Potso ea 1
Potso: Bala matla a makenete bohareng ba sekgoqetsane sa terata se nang le radius ya 10 cm se jereng motlakase wa 5 A.
Puisano:
Sebelisa foromo ea matla a makenete bakeng sa selika-likoe se le seng,
\[
B = \frac{\mu_0 I}{2R}
\]
Di mana:
– \( \mu_0 = 4\pi \makgetlo a 10^{-7} \ \mongolo{H/m} \)
– \( Ke = 5 \ \mongolo{A} \)
– \( R = 0.1 \ \text{m} \) (hobane 10 cm = 0.1 m)
Ka ho nkela mekhoa ena sebaka,
\[
B = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 5}{2 \times 0.1}
\]
\[
B = \frac{20\pi \times 10^{-7}}{0.2}
\]
\[
B = 2\pi \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
\[
B = 6.28 \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
Kahoo, matla a makenete bohareng ba sekgoqetsane sa terata ke \( 6.28 \ \mu T \).
Mohlala oa Potso ea 2
Potso: Khoele e nang le diphetoho tse 20 tse nang le radius ya 10 cm e na le motlakase wa 5 A. Bala matla a makenete bohareng ba khoele.
Puisano:
Matla a makenete bakeng sa khoele ea likhutlo tsa N ke:
\[
B = \frac{\mu_0 NI}{2R}
\]
Di mana:
– \( N = 20 \)
– \( Ke = 5 \ \mongolo{A} \)
– \( R = 0.1 \ \mongolo{m} \)
– \( \mu_0 = 4\pi \makgetlo a 10^{-7} \ \mongolo{H/m} \)
Ka ho nkela mekhoa ena sebaka,
\[
B = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 20 \times 5}{2 \times 0.1}
\]
\[
B = \frac{400\pi \times 10^{-7}}{0.2}
\]
\[
B = 20\pi \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
\[
B = 62.8 \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
Kahoo, matla a makenete bohareng ba khoele ke \( 62.8 \ \mu T \).
Terata e chitja ka Sekhutlo se itseng
Haeba sekotwana sa terata se tsamaisang motlakase se sehiloe ka sekhutlo, karolo eo ya sekotwana e tla hlahisa matla a makenete a fapaneng. Mohlala, bakeng sa semicircle, matla a makenete ke halofo ya matla a makenete a felletseng, a hlokang kopanyo e eketsehileng bakeng sa ditharollo tse rarahaneng.
Mohlala oa Potso ea 3
Potso: Bala matla a makenete bohareng ba terata e chitja e potolohang halofo ea selikalikoe feela (li-degree tse 180), ka radius ea 10 cm le motlakase oa 5 A.
Puisano:
Bakeng sa semicircle, matla a makenete bohareng ke halofo ea matla a makenete a felletseng:
\[
B = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\mu_0 I}{2R}
\]
Di mana:
– \( \mu_0 = 4\pi \makgetlo a 10^{-7} \ \mongolo{H/m} \)
– \( Ke = 5 \ \mongolo{A} \)
– \( R = 0.1 \ \mongolo{m} \)
Ka ho nkela mekhoa ena sebaka,
\[
B = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} \times 5}{2 \times 0.1}
\]
\[
B = \frac{1}{2} \times 2\pi \times 10^{-6} \ \text{T}
\]
\[
B = \pi \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
\[
B = 3.14 \makgetlo a 10^{-6} \ \mongolo{T}
\]
Kahoo, matla a makenete bohareng ba terata e semicircular ke \( 3.14 \ \mu T \).
Ho koala
Ka mehlala e kaholimo, ho tšeptjoa hore babali ba tla utloisisa hamolemo mokhoa oa ho bala matla a makenete a hlahisoang ke terata e kobehileng e jereng motlakase. Kutloisiso ena e na le thuso haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa theknoloji le lipatlisisong tsa mahlale, haholo-holo masimong a electromagnetism le boenjiniere ba motlakase.
