Mehlala ea lipotso tsa potlako le tsa tšusumetso

Mehlala e 11 ea Lipotso tsa Momentum le Impulse

1. Bolo e boima ba 0,2 kg e lahlelwa ka ho rapama ka lebelo la 10 m/s mme e thula lebota, ebe bolo e kgutlela morao ka lebelo le tshwanang. Phetoho motsamaong wa bolo ke...
Puisano

2. Bolo e boima ba digrama tse 10 hoetla mahala ho tloha bophahamong bo itseng, e otla fatshe ka lebelo la 15 m/s ebe e tlola hodimo ka lebelo la 10 m/s. Fumana hore na motsamao o tla ba jwang!
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Boima ba bolo (m) = digrama tse 10 = 0,01 kg
Lebelo la pele la bolo (v)_o) = -15 m/s
Lebelo la ho qetela la bolo (v_t) = 10 m/s
E botsitsoe : Tšusumetso (I)
Jawab :
Foromo ea theorem lebelo la tšusumetso :
Boholo ba tšusumetso ke:
Ke = 0,01 (10 – (-15)) = 0,01 (10 + 15)
Ke = 0,01 (25)
I = 0,25 kg m/s

3. Bolo ea ligrama tse 200 e lahleloa ka ho otloloha ka lebelo la 4 m/s, ebe bolo e otloa ka lehlakoreng le le leng le leo bolo e otlang ka lona qalong. Nako ea ho kopana ha bolo le kotopo ke limilimithara tse 2, 'me lebelo la bolo ka mor'a ho tloha kotopong ke 12 m/s. Boholo ba matla a sebelisoang ke kotopo bolong ke…
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Boima ba bolo (m) = digrama tse 200 = 0,2 kg
Lebelo la pele la bolo (v)_o) = 4 m/s
Lebelo la ho qetela la bolo (v_t) = 12 m/s
Nako ea ho kopana (t) = 2 milliseconds = (2/1000) metsotsoana = 0,002 metsotsoana
E botsitsoe : Boholo ba matla (F)
Jawab :
Foromo ea tšusumetso:
Ke = F t
Foromo ea phetoho ea lebelo:
mv_t – mv_o = m (v_t - v_o)
Foromo ea khopolo-taba ea tšusumetso :
Matla a sebelisoang ke bate e holim'a bolo ke 800 Newtons.

4. Bolo e boima ba digrama tse 20 e lahlelwa ka lebelo la v₁ = 4 ms^-1 ka letsohong le letšehali. Kamora ho otla lebota bolo e tlola ka lebelo la v₂ = 2 ms^-1 ka ho le letona. Boholo ba tšusumetso e hlahisoang ke….

A. 0,24 Ns
B. 0,12 Ns
C. 0,08 Ns
D. 0,06 Ns
E. 0,04 Ns

Puisano
Hoa tsebahala hore:
Boima ba bolo (m) = digrama tse 20 = 0,020 kg
Lebelo la bolo pele ho thulana (v)_o) = -4 m/s (ka letsohong le letšehali)
Lebelo la bolo ka mora ho thulana (v)_t) = +2 m/s (ka ho le letona)
v_o e fuoa lets'oao le lebe ho khetholla tataiso ea eona ho vt.
E botsitsoe: Tšusumetso
Karabo:
Tšusumetso (I) = phetoho motsamaong (Δp) = mv_t – mv_o
Tšusumetso (I) = m (v)_t - v_o) = 0,02 (2 – (-4))
Tšusumetso (I) = 0,02 (2 + 4) = 0,02 (6)
Tšusumetso (I) = 0,12 Metsotsoana ea Newton.
Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

5. Setšoantšo se latelang se bontša libolo tse peli tsa A (boima = 2 kg) le bolo ea B (boima = 5 kg) pele le ka mor'a ho thulana. Haeba ho thulana ho tenyetseha ka ho feletseng, joale lebelo la bolo ea A pele ho ho thulana ke….

A. 12 ms^-1

B. 10 ms ^-1

C. 5 ms ^-1

D. 4 ms ^-1

E. 2 ms ^-1

Puisano

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Boima ba bolo A (m_A) = 2 kg

Boima ba bolo B (m_B) = 5 kg

Lebelo la bolo B pele ho thulano (v_B) = 2 m/s

Lebelo la bolo A ka mora ho thulana (v_A') = 5 m/s

Lebelo la bolo B kamora ho thulana (v_B') = 4 m/s

Libolo ka bobeli pele le ka mor'a ho thulana li fetela ka ho le letona kahoo lebelo le fuoa pontšo e ntle.

O botsitse: Lebelo la bolo A pele ho thulano (v)_A)

Karabo:

Bala lebelo la bolo A pele ho thulano (v)_A) ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa molao oa paballo ea momentum:

m_A v_A +m_B v_B = m_A v_A' + m_B v_B'

2(v _A ) + (5)(2) = (2)(5) + (5)(4)

2(v _A ) + 10 = 10 + 20

2(v _A ) + 10 = 30

2(v _A ) = 30 – 10

2(v _A ) = 20

v _A = 20/2

v_A = 10 m/s

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

6. Lintho tsa A le B lia tsamaea joalokaha ho bontšitsoe setšoantšong. Haeba ho etsahala khohlano e tenyetsehang ka ho feletseng, lebelo la ntho ea B ka mor'a khohlano le ba 15 m/s.^-1, ebe lebelo la ntho A kamora ho thulana ke...

A. 2 ms^-1

B. 4 ms ^-1

C. 8 ms ^-1

D. 10 ms ^-1

E. 12 ms ^-1

Puisano

Hoa tsebahala hore:

Boima ba ntho A (m_A) = 5 kg

Boima ba ntho B (m_B) = 2 kg

Lebelo la ntho A pele ho thulano (v_A) = 12 m/s

Lebelo la ntho B pele ho thulano (v_B) = 10 m/s

Lebelo la ntho B kamora ho thulana (v_B') = 15 m/s

Lintho ka bobeli pele le ka mor'a ho thulana li fallela ka ho le letona kahoo lebelo le fuoa pontšo e ntle.

O botsitse: Lebelo la ntho A kamora ho thulana (v_A')

Karabo:

Bala lebelo la bolo A pele ho thulano (v)_A) ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa molao oa paballo ea momentum:

m_A v_A +m_B v_B = m_A v_A' + m_B v_B'

(5)(12) + (2)(10) = (5)v _A ' + (2) (15)

60 + 20 = (5)v _A ' + 30

80 = (5)v _A ' + 30

80 – 30 = (5)v _A '

50 = (5)v _A '

v _A ' = 50/5

v _A ' = 10 m/s

Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

7. Bolo ea ping pong e na le boima ba ligrama tse 5 hoetla mahala ho tloha bophahamong bo itseng (g = 10 ms^-2Ha o otla fatshe kecepatan Bolo ea 6 ms^-1 'me hang ka mor'a ho otla fatše bolo e tlola holimo ka lebelo la 4 ms^-1E kholo tshusumetso Se sebetsang bolong ke...

A. 0,50 Ns
B. 0,25 Ns
C. 0,10 Ns
D. 0,05 Ns
E. 0,01 Ns

Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Boima ba bolo (m) = digrama tse 5 = 0,005 kg
Lebelo la bolo pele feela e otla fatshe (v)_o) = -6 m/s
Lebelo la bolo hang ka mora ho otla fatshe (v)_t) = 4 m/s
Mabelo a matle le a mabe a bolela hore tataiso ea lebelo la bolo kapa tataiso ea motsamao oa bolo pele ho thulano e fapane le tataiso ea motsamao oa bolo kamora thulano.
E botsitsoe : Tšusumetso (I)
Jawab :

Khopolo-taba ea tšusumetso E bolela seo tshusumetso (I) ho tšoana le phetoho ea lebelo (Δp).
I = Δp = mv_t – mv_o = m (v_t - v_o)
Ke = (0,005)(4 – (-6)) = (0,005)(4 + 6) = (0,005)(10) = 0,05 Motsotswana wa Newton
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

8. Bolo e boima ba 0,5 kg e wela ka bolokolohi ho tloha bophahamong ba h.₁ = 7,2 m ka holimo ho mokatong mme e tlola ho fihlela bophahamong ba h₂ = 3,2 m. Haeba ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli a lefatše = 10 ms^-2, tšusumetso e sebetsang bolong ke...
A. 2,0 Ns
B. 3,0 Ns
C. 10 Ns
D. 40 Ns
E. 80 Ns
Puisano
Hoa tsebahala :
Boima ba bolo (m) = 0,5 kg
Bophahamo ba bolo ea ho oa e sa lefelloeng (h)₁) = limithara tse 7,2
Bophahamo ba bolo e tlolang (h)₂) = limithara tse 3,2
Ho potlaka ha matla a khoheli a Lefatše (g) = 10 m/s²
E botsitsoe : Tšusumetso e sebetsa bolong
Jawab :
Lebelo la bolo pele ho thulano (v)_o)
Bala lebelo la bolo pele ho thulano u sebelisa foromo ea ho oa ka bolokolohi. Ha u nahana ka bolelele (h) = limithara tse 7,2, ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = 10 m/s² 'me a kopa lebelo la ho qetela pele a otla fatše, kahoo sebelisa mokhoa ona v² = 2 gh
v_o² = 2(10)(7,2) = 144
v_o = 2(10)(7,2) = 12 m/s
Lebelo la bolo pele ho thulano (v)_o) ke -12 m/s. Letšoao le lebe le bontša feela tataiso.
Lebelo la bolo hang ka mora ho thulana (v)_t)
Bala lebelo la bolo hang ka mora ho thulana o sebedisa foromo ya motsamao o otlolohileng ho ya hodimo. Ka lebaka la bophahamo (h) = dimithara tse 3,2, ho potlaka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli (g) = -10 m/s², lebelo la ho qetela bophahamong bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa (v_t²) = 0 mme lebelo la pele le botsoa hang ka mora ho otla fatshe, ka hona sebedisa foromo v_t² = v_o² + 2 gh
v_t² = v_o² + 2 gh
0 = v_o² + 2 (-10)(3,2)
v_o² = 64
v_o = √64 = 8 m/s
Lebelo la bolo ka mora ho thulana (v)_t) ke 8 m/s
Ho etsa lintho ka tšusumetso bolong (I)
Tšusumetso e baloa ho sebelisoa foromo ea khopolo-taba ea tšusumetso-momentum.
Tšusumetso (I) = phetoho motsamaong (Δp)
Ke = m (v_t - v_o) = (0,5)(8-(-12)) = (0,5)(8 + 12) = 0,5(20) = 10 Metsotsoana ea Newton
Karabo e nepahetseng ke C.

9. Bolo ea 100-gram e lahleloa ka ho rapama ka lebelo la 5 m/s. Bolo e otloa ka lehlakoreng le le leng le la pele. Haeba bolo e lula e kopana le kotopo ka 2 ms mme lebelo la bolo ka mor'a ho tloha kotopong ke 10 m/s, boholo ba matla a sebelisoang ke kotopo ke...
A. 200 N
B. 250 N
C. 300 N
D. 350 N
E. 400 N
Puisano:

Hoa tsebahala :
m = digrama tse 100 = 0,1 kg
v_o = +5 m/s
t = 2 dimilimesetara = 2 x 10^-3 motsotsoana
v_t = +10 m/s
E botsitsoe :
Matla a sebelisoang ke motho ea otlang bolo (F)?
Jawab :
Foromo ea tšusumetso :
Ke = F t
Foromo ea phetoho ea lebelo :
Khopolo-taba ea tšusumetso :
Tšusumetso = phetoho ea lebelo

Karabo e nepahetseng ke B.

10. Bolo e boima ba 0,1 kg e lahlelwa ka ho le letona ka lebelo la 20 m/s. Kamora ho otloa, bolo e fetela ka letsohong le letšehali ka lebelo la 30 m/s. Tšusumetso e fanoang ke bat ho bolo ke….
A. 4 N s
B. –4 N s
C. 5 N s
D. –5 N s
E. 10 N s
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala :
m = 0,1 kg, v_o = +20 m/s, v_t = -30 m/s
E botsitsoe :
Tšusumetso (I)?
Jawab :
Tšusumetso = phetoho ea lebelo
Ke = m (v_t - v_o) = (0,1)(-30 – 20) = (0,1)(-50) = -5 Ns
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.

11. Baseball ea 0,5 kg qalong e ea ka letsohong le letšehali ka lebelo la 2 m/s. Ebe bolo e otloa ka matla a F a fapaneng le motsamao oa bolo, kahoo lebelo la bolo le fetoha ho 5 m/s. Haeba bolo e kopana le bat ka motsotsoana oa 0,01, phetoho ea motsamao ke...
A. 8,0 kg m/s
B. 6,5 kg m/s
C. 5,5 kg m/s
D. 3,5 kg m/s
E. 2,5 kg m/s
Puisano:
Hoa tsebahala :
m = 0,5 kg, v_o = -2 m/s, v_t = 5 m/s, t = 0,01 metsotsoana
E botsitsoe :
Phetoho ea lebelo?
Jawab :
Phetoho motsamaong = m (v_t - v_o) = (0,5)(5 – (-2)) = (0,5)(7) = 3,5 kg m/s = 3,5 N s
Karabo e nepahetseng ke D.