Maqaal ku saabsan sharciga Coulomb
Maqaalka ku saabsan dallacaadda korontada iyo noocyada dallacaadaha korontada ayaa lagu sharraxay in dallacaadaha oo kale ay is celinayaan halka ay ka duwan yihiin dallacaadaha ay is jiidanayaan. Si kale haddii loo dhigo, walxaha si togan loo dallacay waxay soo jiitaan walxaha si taban loo dallacay, walxaha si togan loo dallacay waxay dib u celinayaan walxaha si togan loo dallacay, walxaha si taban loo dallacayna waxay dib u celinayaan walxaha si taban loo dallacay. Dhacdadani waxay muujinaysaa jiritaanka awoodaha korontada ee ka shaqeeya walxaha si togan loo dallacay iyo walxaha si taban loo dallacay. Waa maxay arrimaha saameeya xoogga korontada ee u dhexeeya walxaha korontada lagu dallacay?
Fiisigisyahan Faransiis ah Charles Coulomb (1736-1806) wuxuu sameeyay tijaabooyin taxane ah sannadihii 1780-meeyadii si uu u baaro arrimaha saameeya baaxadda xoogga korontada ee u dhexeeya walxaha korontada lagu shubay. Qalabka uu isticmaalay Coulomb wuxuu u eg yahay qalab uu isticmaalay Cavendish si uu u baaro joogtada cufisjiidadka, oo loo yaqaan dheelitirka torsion. Coulomb wuxuu baaray xoogga korontada, sidaas darteed wuxuu isticmaalay laba kubbadood oo bir ah oo koronto lagu shubay, halka Cavendish uu baaray xoogga cufisjiidadka, sidaas darteed wuxuu isticmaalay laba kubbadood oo cuf ah oo aan koronto lagu shubin.
Arrimaha saameeya xoogga korontada
Iyada oo lagu saleynayo tijaabooyin lagu sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo dheelitirka torsion, Coulomb wuxuu helay dhowr waxyaalood.
– Tijaabadan, masaafada u dhaxaysa labada kubbadood ee adag had iyo jeer waa isku mid. Marka xaddiga dallacaadda korontada ee kubbadda adag 1 uu yahay 1, xaddiga dallacaadda korontada ee kubbadda adag 2 uu yahay mid, markaa xoogga korontada ee ka shaqeeya labada kubbadood ee adag waa 1.
Badeecada baaxadda dallacaadda ee mid, Q 1 , waxay la egtahay baaxadda dallacaadda ee dhinaca kale, Q 2 (F ≈ q 1 q 2 ).
– Tijaabadan, tirada dallacaadaha labada kubbadood ee adag had iyo jeer waa isku mid. Haddii masaafada u dhaxaysa labada kubbadood ee adag ay tahay mid, markaa awoodda korontada ee ka shaqeysa labada kubbadood ee adag waa 1. Haddii masaafada u dhaxaysa labada kubbadood ee adag ay tahay laba, markaa xoogga korontada ee ka shaqeeya labada kubbadood ee adag waa ¼. Coulomb wuxuu ku soo gabagabeeyay in baaxadda xoogga korontada ee ka shaqeeya labada kubbadood ee adag ay si liddi ku ah u dhigantaa labajibbaaranaha masaafada (F ≈ 1 / r 2 )
Sharciga Coulomb
Sharciga Coulomb waa mid ka mid ah sharciyada fiisigiska ee sharraxaya xiriirka ka dhexeeya xoogga korontada, dallacaadda korontada iyo masaafada u dhaxaysa dallacaadaha korontada. Sharcigan waxaa lagu sameeyay tijaabooyin uu sameeyay Coulomb sida ku cad maqaalkii hore.
Sharciga Coulomb wuxuu dhigayaa in baaxadda xoogga ay walax koronto ku shaqeysa ku bixiso walax kale oo koronto ku shaqeysa ay si toos ah isu dheellitiran tahay.
Wax soo saarka isku dhufashada, kharashyada labada qaybood iyo si liddi ku ah u dhigma labajibbaaranaha masaafada u dhaxaysa labada qaybood. Xooggani wuxuu la shaqeeyaa xariiq toosan oo isku xirta labada qaybood. Walxaha leh dallacaad isku mid ah ayaa is celinaya, halka walxaha leh dallacaad aan kala duwanayn ay is soo jiidanayaan.
Sharciga Coulomb waxaa lagu qeexi karaa isleegyada xisaabta:
F 12 = xoog koronto oo u dhexeeya walxaha 1 iyo walxaha 2
q 1 = qadarka dallacaadaha korantada ee walxaha 1
q 2 = qadarka dallacaadaha korantada ee walxaha 2
r 12 = masaafada u dhaxaysa walxaha 1 iyo walxaha 2
F 21 waa xoogga uu ku kacayo kharashka q 2 ee ku saabsan qiimaha q 1 , halka F 12 uu yahay xoogga uu ku kacayo kharashka q 1 ee ku saabsan qiimaha q 2. F 21 iyo F 12 way is celinayaan marka noocyada qiimaha q 1 iyo q 2 aysan isku mid ahayn, waxayna isku soo jiidanayaan marka noocyada qiimaha q 1 iyo q 2 aysan isku mid ahayn.
F 21 iyo F 12 waxay leeyihiin isku cabbir, jihooyin iska soo horjeeda waxayna ka shaqeeyaan walxo kala duwan, markaa labada awoodoodba waa labo awoodood oo fal-celin ah.
