Chidzidzo cheParovirus Disease
ziviso
Chirwere cheParvovirus, kunyanya Canine Parvovirus (CPV), chinozivikanwa sechimwe chehutachiona hwakaipisisa uye hunotapukira hunokanganisa imbwa pasi rose. Huwandu hwehutachiona hweCPV hwakatanga kuonekwa mumakore ekuma1970, uye hwakakonzera kurwara kukuru nerufu, kunyanya pakati pembwanana nembwa dzisina kubayiwa majekiseni. Chidzidzo ichi chinopa ongororo yakadzama yeCPV, chikonzero chayo, zviratidzo zvekiriniki, kuongororwa, kurapwa, kudzivirira, uye kukosha kwekuzivisa veruzhinji nezvekurapa kwemhuka.
Etiology
Imbwa inonzi Parvovirus inhengo yemhuri yeParvoviridae, iri pasi perudzi rweParvovirus. Ivhairasi yeDNA inonyanya kukanganisa masero anokamura, akadai seari mudumbu nemumongo wemapfupa. Vhairasi iyi inotsungirira zvakanyanya munharaunda, inokwanisa kumira tembiricha yakakwira uye mishonga inouraya utachiona, izvo zvinoita kuti irambe iripo uye isingaperi.
Clinical Manifestations
Utachiona hweCPV hunowanzoonekwa mune imwe yemhando nhatu: subclinical, acute hemorrhagic enteritis, kana myocarditis. Kukosha kwezviratidzo kunogona kuenderana nezera rembwa, mamiriro ekudzivirira muviri, uye kuvapo kwezvirwere panguva imwe chete.
1. Fomu reSubclinical:
– Dzimwe imbwa, kunyanya dziya dzisina dziviriro yemuviri nekuda kwekubaiwa jekiseni kare kana kuti antibodies dzemuviri waamai, dzinogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvishoma kana kusaratidza zviratidzo zvacho.
2. Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya mudumbu:
– Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inoratidzwa nekuerekana kwatanga zviratidzo zvakaita sekuneta, kurutsa zvakanyanya, manyoka (kazhinji ane ropa), kushaya anorexia, uye kushaya mvura mumuviri. Kukuvadzwa kwemukati medumbu kunogona kukonzera hutachiona hwechipiri, sepsis, uye kusawirirana kwakanyanya kwema electrolyte.
3. Myocarditis:
– Kashoma, CPV inogona kutapukira mutsandanyama dzemwoyo dzembwanana diki, zvichikonzera chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi myocarditis. Izvi zvinowanzouraya uye zvinogona kukonzera rufu rwechimbichimbi kana matambudziko emwoyo kwenguva refu mumbwanana dziri kurarama.
Diagnostics
Kuongorora chirwere nekukurumidza uye nemazvo kwakakosha pakurapa CPV zvinobudirira. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora chirwere dzinoshandiswa:
1. Zviratidzo zveKurapa:
– Vanachiremba vemhuka vanowanzo fungidzira kuti chirwere ichi chine CPV zvichibva pazviratidzo zvechirwere, kunyanya imbwa diki dzisina kubayiwa majekiseni.
2. Bvunzo reELISA:
– Bvunzo ye enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) inowanzo shandiswa mumakiriniki emhuka kuona maantigen eCPV mutsvina. Bvunzo iyi inokurumidza uye haina mari yakawanda, inopa mhedzisiro mukati memaminitsi.
3. PCR (Kuita kwePolymerase Chain):
– Kuongororwa kwePolymerase Chain Reaction kunonyanya kunzwisisika uye kunogona kuona kunyangwe huwandu hwakaderera hweDNA yehutachiona mutsvina. Zvisinei, kuongororwa kwePCR kunodhura uye kunowanzoitwa mumarabhoritari ane hunyanzvi.
4. Kuongororwa kweHematological:
– Kuongororwa kweropa kunowanzo ratidza leukopenia (kuderera kwehuwandu hwemasero machena eropa), inova chinhu chinowanzoitika muhutachiona hweCPV nekuda kwehutachiona hunokanganisa mumongo wemapfupa.
mabatiro
Kunyange hazvo pasina mushonga chaiwo wekudzivirira CPV, mushonga unotsigira wakakosha kune imbwa dzine chirwere ichi. Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekugadzirisa zviratidzo, kudzivirira hutachiona hwechipiri, uye kutsigira masoja emuviri.
1. Kurapa Nemvura:
– Mvura inopinzwa mutsinga inokosha kugadzirisa kushaya mvura mumuviri, kusawirirana kwema electrolyte, uye kusawirirana kweacid-base kunokonzerwa nekurutsa nekuita manyoka.
2. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya:
– Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ine hutachiona hwakawanda inowanzopihwa kudzivirira kana kurapa hutachiona hwechipiri hunogona kukonzerwa nekukuvara kwemukati medumbu.
3. Kurwisa Kushungurudzika:
– Mishonga yekudzora kurutsa yakakosha kudzivirira kupera mvura mumuviri uye inobvumira kuti muviri unyatsopinza zvinovaka muviri nemvura mumuviri.
4. Rutsigiro rwezvekudya:
– Kudya chikafu chemukati membwa nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira kana kurutsa kwadzorwa. Rutsigiro rwezvekudya runogona kubatsira kuchengetedza simba rembwa uye mashandiro ekudzivirira muviri.
5. Kudzora Marwadzo uye Kurwisa Kuzvimba:
– Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa sezvinodiwa kupa nyaradzo nekuderedza fivha.
dziviriro
Kudzivirira chirwere ichi kwakakosha pakurapa CPV, kunyanya kuburikidza nekubaiwa majekiseni uye tsika dzakakodzera dzehutsanana.
1. Kubaiwa nhomba:
– Mushonga weCPV unoshanda zvikuru uye chikamu chikuru chemaitiro ekudzivirira imbwa. Vana vembwa vanowanzo pihwa majekiseni ekutanga kutanga pamavhiki matanhatu kusvika masere ekuberekwa, vachizoteverwa neanosimudzira mavhiki matatu kusvika mana ega ega kusvika vava nemavhiki gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri ekuberekwa. Imbwa dzakura dzinoda majekiseni ekuwedzera nguva nenguva kuti dzirambe dziine dziviriro yemuviri.
2. Kugara muchivande uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwezvinhu Zvakaipa:
– Imbwa dzine hutachiona kana kuti dzakabatwa nechirwere dzinofanira kuparadzaniswa nembwa dzine hutano kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona. Nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa neCPV dzinofanira kucheneswa zvakakwana nemishonga inouraya utachiona inozivikanwa nekuuraya hutachiona, senge bleach solutions.
3. Kuzivisa Veruzhinji:
– Kudzidzisa varidzi vembwa nezvekukosha kwekubaiwa nhomba, kuziva zviratidzo zveCPV, uye matanho ekutora kana paine fungidziro yekuti pane chirwere chinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwechirwere ichi.
Case Study Analysis
Case Presentation
Max, imbwanana yeLabrador Retriever ine mavhiki gumi isina kubaiwa nhomba, yakauya kukiriniki yemhuka ine nhoroondo yekuneta, kurutsa, uye manyoka ane ropa kwemazuva maviri. Muridzi wembwa akataura kuti Max akanga achitamba mupaki yembwa yeruzhinji mazuva mashoma zviratidzo zvisati zvatanga.
Kuongorora Nzira
Mushure mekuongororwa kwemuviri, Max akaonekwa kuti akanga apera mvura mumuviri uye akaora mwoyo zvakanyanya. Kuongororwa kweELISA nekukurumidza kweCPV kwakaitwa, zvikaburitsa mhedzisiro yakanaka. Kuongororwa kweropa kwakaratidza leukopenia. Kuongororwa kwehutachiona hweCPV kwakasimbiswa.
Chirongwa chekurapa
Max akabva angoiswa muchipatara ndokuiswa mvura yemutsinga kuti arwise kushaya mvura mumuviri uye kugadzirisa kusawirirana kwema electrolyte mumuviri. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakatangwa kudzivirira hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya, uye mishonga inorwisa kusvotwa yakapihwa kudzora kurutsa. Rutsigiro rwezvekudya rwakapihwa nekukurumidza Max paakakwanisa kunwa nemuromo.
Mhedzisiro
Mushure memazuva mana ekurapwa zvakanyanya, Max akaratidza kuvandudzika kukuru. Kurutsa kwake nemanyoka zvakanga zvamira, uye chido chake chekudya chakatanga kudzoka. Max akabudiswa muchipatara achipiwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye mirairo yekudya zvisina kusimba kusvika apora zvakakwana. Muridzi wechipatara akaudzwa nezvekukosha kwekupedzisa nhevedzano yekubaiwa majekiseni uye kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakachena kudzivirira kudzoka kwechirwere.
Zvidzidzo zvakadzidza
Nyaya iyi inosimbisa kukosha kwekubayiwa majekiseni nekukurumidza uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kana paine zviratidzo zveCPV. Inosimbisawo matambudziko anosangana nevanachiremba vezvipfuyo nezvirwere zvinotapukira zvakanyanya uye zvakakomba, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekudzidziswa kweveruzhinji nezvematanho ekudzivirira.
mhedziso
Chirwere cheParvovirus chinoramba chiri chinhu chinonyanya kushungurudza imbwa nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwacho kwakanyanya uye huwandu hwerufu. Kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakakwana zvekubaya majekiseni, tsika dzehutsanana, kuongororwa nekukurumidza, uye rubatsiro rwakasimba, kukanganisa kweCPV kunogona kuderedzwa. Chidzidzo ichi chinosimbisa basa rakakosha renyanzvi dzezvipfuyo nevaridzi vembwa mukudzivirira nekutarisira CPV, vachivavarira ramangwana apo hutachiona uhu hunotyisa husingakonzeri njodzi huru kumbwa.
