Musoro: Nzira dzekuuraya mhuka: Kufunga nezvetsika uye mashandisirwo adzo
ziviso
Euthanasia, inobva pamashoko echiGiriki ekuti "eu" (zvakanaka) uye "thanatos" (rufu), zvinoreva tsika yekugumisa hupenyu hwemhuka nemaune kuti uderedze kutambura. Sevatariri vekuchengetedza hupenyu hwemhuka, vanachiremba vemhuka nenyanzvi dzekuchengetedza mhuka vanowanzotarisana nesarudzo dzakaoma maererano nekuuraya mhuka. Iyi tsika yakavakirwa pakufunga nezvetsika, inowanzoitwa kuderedza marwadzo asingarapiki, kurwara kwenguva refu, kana hupenyu husina kunaka kana pasina imwe mhinduro yevanhu inoshanda. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora nzira dzakasiyana dzekuuraya mhuka dzinoshandiswa mumhuka, dzichitarisa pazvikonzero zvetsika dzadzo, mashandisirwo adzo, uye migumisiro yadzo pamhuka nevadzinotarisira.
1. Jekiseni reBarbiturates Mutsinga
Imwe yenzira dzinogamuchirwa uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya dzekuuraya munhu, kunyanya mhuka dzinofambidzana dzakadai sembwa nekatsi, kubaya barbiturates neropa, kunyanya sodium pentobarbital. Nzira iyi inoonekwa seyehunhu hwakanaka kana ikashandiswa nemazvo nekuti inokonzera rufu runokurumidza uye rusingarwadzi nekushungurudza tsinga huru. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kubaya mushonga wacho zvakananga mutsinga, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nepfungwa uye kumisa kushanda kwemoyo nekufema.
zvayakanakira:
- Inoshanda zvikuru uye yakavimbika.
- Kazhinji zvinokonzeresa rufu rusina marwadzo uye rwakanyarara.
- Kutanga nekukurumidza kwekuita.
nezvayakaipira:
– Zvinoda kupinda mutsinga, izvo zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kumhuka diki kana dzisina mvura yakawanda mumuviri.
– Kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kunogona kuitika kana zvisaririra zvikasatarisirwa zvakanaka.
2. Mishonga Inofema Inotindivadza
Mishonga inofema yakadai se isoflurane ne sevoflurane ndeimwe nzira inowanzo shandiswa kuuraya mhuka diki dzinosanganisira makonzo neshiri. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuisa mhuka mukamuri rakavharwa rakazadzwa negasi rinoita kuti munhu anzwe kusagadzikana, zvichiita kuti munhu asazive zvinozoteverwa nekumira kufema.
zvayakanakira:
– Hazvinyanyi kushungurudza mhuka diki zvichienzaniswa nekubaiwa jekiseni netsinga.
– Yakakodzera mhando dzezvirwere zvisingashande kana nzira yekupinda mutsinga isingashande.
nezvayakaipira:
– Inoda michina yakasarudzika (semuenzaniso, imba yekunyaradza marwadzo uye sisitimu yekutsvaira).
– Zvinogona kukonzera njodzi yekufemera kwemunhu anenge abatwa nechirwere ichi, zvichireva kuti panofanira kutorwa matanho akakodzera ekuchengetedza.
– Dzimwe nguva mhuka dzinogona kusangana nematambudziko kana kufara panguva yekupinzwa kwemhuka.
3. Kufema Kabhoni Dioxide (CO2)
Kufema CO2 kwakajairika pakuuraya mhuka nehuku dziri murabhoritari. Gasi reCO2 rinokonzera kusaziva nekudzinga okisijeni, zvichikonzera kushaya oksijeni yakakwana uye kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
zvayakanakira:
- Inoshanda kana ichiitwa zvichienderana nemirairo yakatarwa.
- Inodhura zvishoma uye inoshanda pakushandisa murabhoritari.
nezvayakaipira:
– Zvinoda kudzorwa kwakanyatsojeka kwehuwandu hweCO2 uye mwero wekuyerera kwemvura kuti zvideredze kushushikana kwemhuka.
– Zvinogona kupokana panyaya dzetsika nekuda kwekugona kukonzera dambudziko remhuka panguva yekusangana neCO2.
4. Nzira dzemuviri
Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuuraya mhuka dzinoshandiswa zvichienderana nerudzi, saizi, uye mamiriro ezvinhu. Mienzaniso inosanganisira captive bolt stunning (inowanzoshandiswa muzvipfuyo), cervical dislocation (yeshiri diki nemakonzo), uye pfuti (mumhuka huru kana mamiriro ekunze).
zvayakanakira:
- Inokurumidza uye, kana yaitwa nemazvo, hairwadzi zvakanyanya.
- Kazhinji zvinodiwa munzvimbo dzebasa apo dzimwe nzira dzisingabatsiri.
nezvayakaipira:
- Zvinoda hunyanzvi hwakakosha uye kudzidziswa kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinoshandiswa zvakanaka.
– Zvinogona kushungurudza vanocherechedza nevanochengeta.
- Kufunga nezvetsika maererano nemhirizhonga iri pachena yenzira idzi.
5. Jekiseni remukati medumbu kana kuti mukati memwoyo
Kumhuka dzinenge dzakaoma kupinza mushonga netsinga, kubaiwa mushonga mukati medumbu (IP) kunogona kuva imwe nzira. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubaiwa mushonga uyu mudumbu. Kubaiwa mushonga netsinga mumoyo, inzira imwe inowanzo chengeterwa mhuka dzakarara kana kuti dzakakotsira kuti mhuka ione kuti hadzichazivi.
zvayakanakira:
- Zvinobatsira kana zvisingaite kuti munhu apinzwe mutsinga.
- Nzira inoshanda kana yaitwa nemazvo.
nezvayakaipira:
– Kunonoka kushanda kwekubaiwa jekiseni mudumbu zvichienzaniswa nekushandisa nzira dzekurapa netsinga.
– Majekiseni emukati memwoyo anogona kuonekwa seanokuvadza zvakanyanya uye anoda kuraramisa munhu asati abatwa.
Zvemutemo Nezvetsika
Nzira dzekuuraya mhuka dzinotongwa kuti dzive nechokwadi chekuti dzinosangana nezvinodiwa nemunhu. Masangano akadai seAmerican Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) neWorld Organization for Animal Health (OIE) anopa gwara uye anokurudzira nzira dzakanakisisa dzekuona kuti munhu anobatwa zvakanaka. Mitemo inosiyana zvichienderana nenyika nenyika, ichida kutevedzera mitemo yemuno negwara retsika.
Kukanganiswa kwepfungwa kwevanachiremba vemhuka nevanotarisira varwere vari kuuraya mhuka hakufaniri kuderedzwa. Kuneta kwetsitsi uye kushushikana mupfungwa matambudziko makuru anotarisana nenyanzvi dzine basa rekuuraya mhuka. Kupa rutsigiro kuburikidza nemabasa ekupa mazano uye kuona kuti nzira yekubatsirana pakuita sarudzo inogona kuderedza migumisiro iyi.
mhedziso
Kuuraya mhuka chinhu chakakosha asi chinonetsa mukurapa mhuka, chinoda kuenzana pakati peruzivo rwesainzi, hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, uye tsitsi dzakadzama. Nzira dzekuuraya mhuka dzinokurukurwa nezvadzo—kubaiwa nebarbiturate netsinga, kunwa mushonga wekurwadziwa, kufema CO2, nzira dzemuviri, uye kubaiwa netsinga pasina kufema—dzose dzinoshanda mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo uye zvinangwa. Chinangwa chikuru chinoramba chakafanana munzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhuka inofa zvine hunhu, isingarwadzi, uye ine ruremekedzo ukuwo ichideredza kushushikana kwevanochengeta mhuka.
Kufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuripo mune zvesainzi, tekinoroji, uye tsika dzakanaka zvichachinja ramangwana retsika dzekuuraya mhuka, zvichiisa pamberi kugara zvakanaka kwemhuka nekugara zvakanaka kweavo vanodzichengeta.
