Kushandiswa kweTekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D mune zvekurapa
Tekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D, inozivikanwawo sekugadzira zvinhu zvinowedzera, yave simba rinochinja-chinja mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, kubva mundege kusvika kuzvivakwa. Zvisinei, mhedzisiro yayo huru inogona kunge iri mune zvesainzi yezvekurapa. Iyi tekinoroji yepamusoro iri kuchinja zvakanyanya maitirwo ehutano, ichipa mikana isingaenzaniswi mukutsvaga kwekurapa, kurapwa kwemunhu oga, uye nzira dzekuvhiya.
Iyo Basics ye3D Kudhinda
Tekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D inosanganisira kugadzira zvinhu zvine mativi matatu nekuwedzera zvinhu zvine mativi matatu, zvichibva pamamodeli edhijitari. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzematekinoroji ekudhinda e3D, anosanganisira stereolithography (SLA), selective laser sintering (SLS), uye fused deposition modeling (FDM). Nzira yega yega ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, zvinowanzoenderana nezvinhu zvinoshandiswa, zvinotangira pamapurasitiki nesimbi kusvika kumaceramics nezvinhu zvipenyu.
Zvigadzirwa Zvakagadzirwa Nemapurasitiki Nezvigadzirwa Zvekugadzira
Imwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekudhinda kwe3D mumunda wezvekurapa ndeyekugadzira ma implants akagadzirwa nemaoko uye ma prosthetics. Nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira ma implants ekurapa dzinowanzotora nguva uye dzine muganho mukukwanisa kwawo kusangana nezvinodiwa nemurwere mumwe nemumwe. Kudhinda kwe3D kunoshandura mutambo nekugonesa kugadzirwa kwema implants akagadzirwa zvakanyatsoenderana nemuviri wemurwere.
Semuenzaniso, ma "titanium implants" akadhindwa ne3D anogona kunyatsoenderana nechimiro chemapfupa emurwere, zvichiita kuti akwane uye aderedze njodzi yematambudziko. Saizvozvowo, ma "prosthetics" anogona kugadziriswa maererano nekugadzirwa, saizi, uye mashandiro, zvichipa kunyaradzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka. Nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi hwe3D scanning, kunyangwe nhengo dzemuviri dzakaomarara dzinogona kugadzirwa nemazvo.
Unyanzvi hweZvirimwa neTishu
Pamwe chinhu chinonyanya kufadza pakushandiswa kwe3D printing mune zvekurapa ndiko kugona kugadzira nhengo nematishu. Vaongorori vari kugadzira nzira dzebioprinting kuti vagadzire matishu nematishu, vachishandisa bio-inks dzakagadzirwa nemasero mapenyu. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekudhinda nhengo dzinoshanda dzinogona kuiswa muvarwere, zvichigona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekushomeka kwenhengo pasi rose.
Kunyange zvazvo tekinoroji iyi ichiri muchikamu chayo chekutanga, kufambira mberi kwakakosha kwatoitwa. Semuenzaniso, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana sampuli dzenyama dzechiropa neitsvo dzakadhindwa ne3D. Kunyangwe sampuli idzi dzisati dzakakodzera kuiswa mune imwe mhando, dzinopa mukana wekuona ramangwana. Nyama dzakadhindwa nebioprinted dzinobatsirawo pakuongororwa kwemishonga uye pakuenzanisa zvirwere, zvichipa mufananidzo wakarurama wehupenyu hwevanhu kupfuura tsika dzechinyakare dzemasero e2D.
Kuronga Kuvhiya uye Dzidzo
Kudhinda kwe3D kuri kuchinjawo kuronga nekudzidzisa kuvhiyiwa. Vanachiremba vekuvhiya vava kukwanisa kugadzira mamodheru emuviri ane ruzivo rwakadzama, anoenderana nemurwere zvichibva pamifananidzo kubva kuMRI neCT scans. Mamodheru aya anopa maonero anobatika, ane mativi matatu emuviri wemurwere, zvichibvumira vanachiremba kuronga nekuita maitiro akaomarara nemazvo.
Semuenzaniso, chiremba anoronga kugadzirisa mapfupa akaomarara emusoro anogona kushandisa modhi yakadhindwa mu3D kuti aone chimiro chemapfupa chemurwere chakasiyana, zvichibvumira kuvhiyiwa kwakanyatsojeka. Izvi hazvingowedzere chivimbo chechiremba chete asiwo zvinowedzera mukana wekubudirira. Pamusoro pezvo, modhi dzakadhindwa mu3D dzinoshanda sezvishandiso zvakanaka zvekudzidzisa vadzidzi vekurapa, zvichipa ruzivo rwekudzidza rwemaoko runoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura mifananidzo yechinyakare yemativi maviri.
MaDrug Delivery Systems
Imwe nzira itsva yekushandisa 3D printing mu biomedicine ndeyekugadzira masisitimu ekutumira mishonga akagadzirirwa munhu wega. 3D printing inobvumira kugadzirwa kwema profiles akaomarara ekuburitsa mishonga, akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa nemurwere. Muenzaniso mumwe chete kugadzirwa kwemapiritsi akadhindwa mu3D anogona kuburitsa mishonga yakawanda nemitengo yakasiyana, kugona kunobatsira zvikuru varwere vanoda polypharmacy.
Masisitimu ekupa mishonga anogona kugadziriswa anogona kuvandudza kushanda kwemishonga uye kuderedza migumisiro yakaipa. Semuenzaniso, vaongorori vari kutsvaga kushandiswa kwemascaffolds akadhindwa mu3D ekupa mishonga munzvimbo dzakasiyana mukurapa kenza. Mascaffolds aya anogona kugadzirwa kuti aburitse mishonga yechemotherapy zvakananga panzvimbo yebundu, zvichideredza chepfu mumuviri uye kuwedzera kurapwa kwakanangana.
Matambudziko uye Nhungamiro Yeramangwana
Kunyange hazvo mukana wekudhinda kwe3D mu biomedicine wakakura, matambudziko akati wandei achiripo. Mamiriro ekutonga kwemidziyo yekurapa yakadhindwa ye3D achiri kuchinja, uye kuona kuti michina iyi yakachengeteka uye inoshanda zvakanaka kunoda kuongororwa kwakasimba uye kusimbiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, mutengo wetekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D unogona kuva wakanyanya, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwayo munzvimbo dzehutano.
Sainzi yezvinhu inounzawo dambudziko guru, kunyanya munyaya yekunyora zvinhu zvipenyu. Kugadzira ma "bio-inks" anogona kutevedzera nharaunda yemasero uku achichengetedza chimiro chayo ibasa rakaoma. Uyezve, kubatanidza ma "vascular network" mumatishu akadhindwa zvipenyu zvakakosha kuti masero arambe achirarama, asi ichiri nzvimbo inoenderera mberi yekutsvagisa.
Pasinei nematambudziko aya, remangwana rekudhinda kwe3D mu biomedicine rine tariro huru. Kufambira mberi mune zvesainzi yezvinhu, kuenzanisa kwemakombiyuta, uye bioengineering kuri kuramba kuchisundira miganhu yezvingangoitika. Kushanda pamwe chete pakati pevaongorori, vanopa hutano, nemasangano anotonga kwakakosha kukunda zvipingamupinyi zviripo uye kuona zvizere kugona kwetekinoroji iyi inoshandura zvinhu.
mhedziso
Kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D mune zvekurapa kwagadzirira kuchinja indasitiri yehutano. Kubva pazvishandiso zvakagadzirwa neprosthetics kusvika kuinjiniya yenhengo nematishu, mashandisirwo acho akasiyana-siyana sezvaari kuita zvinoshamisa. Sezvo tekinoroji iyi ichiramba ichichinja, ine vimbiso yekuita kuti hutano huve hwakasiyana, hunoshanda, uye hunoshanda. Kunyange hazvo matambudziko achiripo, kufambira mberi kwakaitwa kusvika pari zvino kunoratidza ramangwana rakajeka rekudhinda kwe3D mumunda wezvekurapa, zvichipa tariro itsva kuvarwere uye zvichishandura mamiriro ekurapa kwemazuva ano.
