Physics

Mzere wa kuwala wa nkhani ya Wavefront

Tanthauzo la kutsogolo kwa mafunde

Ngati muponya mwala m'dziwe la madzi, mafunde ozungulira amadzi amachoka pakati pa bwalo. M'mafunde amadzi, muli ma crests ndi mitsinje. Nsonga za mafunde kapena zigwa za mafunde zomwe zimachoka pakati pa bwalo zinganenedwe kuti ndi mafunde.

Mafunde awiri oyandikana ndi mbali ziwiri za mafunde omwe ali ndi gawo lomwelo ndipo amalekanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa mafunde kumodzi. Mafunde ozungulira kapena zigwa za mafunde zomwe zili ndi gawo lomwelo ndipo zimalekanitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa mafunde kumodzi kapena kuposerapo zimatchedwa kutsogolo kwa mafunde. Kuwonjezera pa mafunde amadzi, mafunde a mawu kapena mafunde a kuwala alinso ndi kutsogolo kwa mafunde. Mosiyana ndi mafunde amadzi omwe amayenda mumlengalenga kapena m'dera lokha, mafunde a mawu ndi mafunde a kuwala amayenda mumlengalenga.

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Nkhani yokhudza equation ya Poiseuilles

Chiyerekezo cha Poiseuille chinapezeka ndi Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille (1799-1869). Monga tafotokozera, madzi aliwonse amatha kuonedwa ngati madzi abwino. Madzi abwino alibe kukhuthala. Ngati tiganiza kuti madzi abwino amayenda mu chitoliro, gawo lililonse la madzi limayenda pa liwiro lomwelo (v). Mosiyana ndi madzi abwino, madzi enieni omwe timakumana nawo tsiku ndi tsiku amakhala ndi kukhuthala. Chifukwa ali ndi kukhuthala, ndiye kuti akamayenda mu chitoliro, mwachitsanzo, liwiro la gawo lililonse la madzi limasiyana. Madzi omwe ali pakati amayenda mofulumira (v), m'malo mwake, madzi omwe ali pakati pa chitoliro sasuntha (v = 0). Chifukwa chake kuyambira pakati mpaka m'mphepete mwa chitoliro, gawo lililonse la madzi limayenda pa liwiro losiyana. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino, onani chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa.

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Madzimadzi, zinthu zamadzimadzi ndi za gasi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zimakhala ndi milingo yosiyana ya kukhuthala. Kukhuthala ndi kukangana pakati pa mamolekyu omwe amapanga madzimadzi. Chifukwa chake, mamolekyu amapanga kukangana kwa madzimadzi pamene madziwo akuyenda. Mu zamadzimadzi, kukhuthala kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu zogwirizanitsa (kukoka mphamvu pakati pa mamolekyu ofanana). Pomwe mu zinthu za gasi, kukhuthala kumachitika chifukwa cha kugundana pakati pa mamolekyu.

Madzi amadzimadzi ndi osavuta kuyenda, mwachitsanzo, madzi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, madzi okhuthala ndi ovuta kuyenda, mwachitsanzo, mafuta odzola. Mutha kutsimikizira mwa kuthira madzi ndi mafuta pamalo opendekeka. Madzi amayenda mofulumira kuposa mafuta. Mlingo wa kukhuthala kwa madzi umadaliranso kutentha. Kutentha kwa madzimadzi kukakhala kwakukulu, madziwo amakhala ochepa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mayi akaphika nsomba kukhitchini, mafuta ophikira omwe poyamba amakhuthala amakhala madzi ambiri akatenthedwa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kutentha kwa chinthu cha gasi kukakhala kwakukulu, mafuta a gasi amakhala okhuthala kwambiri.

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Mphamvu ya Mgwirizano ndi Kugwirizana

Mphamvu yogwirizana ndi mphamvu yokopa pakati pa mamolekyu omwe ali mu chinthu chofanana, pomwe mphamvu yokopa pakati pa mamolekyu a chinthu chosagwirizana imatchedwa Mphamvu Yogwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, timathira madzi mu galasi. Kugwirizana kumachitika pamene mamolekyu a madzi amakokana, pomwe kumamatira kumachitika pamene mamolekyu a madzi ndi mamolekyu a galasi amakokana.

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Kodi mudasewerapo thovu la sopo? Thovu la sopo lozungulira. Loseketsa. Likhoza kuwulutsidwa. Pambuyo pouluka, thovu la sopo limaphulika. Wow, ndizosangalatsa, masewera a ubwana. Nchifukwa chiyani thovu la sopo limakhala lozungulira?

Chonde dzukani m'mawa, kenako yang'anani masamba ozungulira nyumba. Yang'anani madontho a mame omwe ali pamasamba. N'zosadabwitsa; madontho a mame ndi ozungulira. Zingakhale bwanji choncho?

Kukanika kwa pamwamba kumachitika chifukwa pamwamba pa madziwo nthawi zambiri pamakhala kulimba kotero kuti pamwamba pake pamawoneka ngati nembanemba woonda. Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu yogwirizana pakati pa mamolekyu a madzi. Kuti mumvetse bwino kufotokozera kumeneku, taganizirani chitsanzo chotsatirachi. Tikuwunikanso madziwo omwe ali mu chidebe.

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Nkhani yokhudza mfundo ya Archimedes

Sitima yaikulu siima, pomwe mwala wocheperako ungamire. Chifukwa chiyani zili choncho? Yankho lake ndi losavuta ngati mukumvetsa lingaliro la kuyenda pansi ndi mfundo ya Archimedes.

Mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, tidzapeza kuti zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mumadzimadzi, monga mwala, zimakhala ndi kulemera kochepa kuposa zinthu zomwe sizili mumadzimadzi. Mungapeze zovuta kunyamula mwala kuchokera pansi, koma mwala womwewo umakwezedwa mosavuta kuchokera pansi pa madzi a m'nyanja. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu yoyandama. Kulimba kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi pa kuya kosiyana. Kuthamanga kwa madzi kumawonjezeka ndi kuya, madzi akamakhuthala, kuthamanga kwa madzi kumakulirakulira. Chinthu chikalowetsedwa mumadzimadzi, padzakhala kusiyana kwa kuthamanga pakati pa madzi pamwamba pa chinthu ndi madzi pansi pa chinthucho. Madzi omwe ali pansi pa chinthucho amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwakukulu kuposa madzi pamwamba pa chinthucho.

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Nkhani yokhudza mfundo ya Pascals

Kodi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya hydraulic lift imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji pokweza galimoto? Kodi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya hydraulic brakes ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa liwiro la galimoto ndi iti? Chonde phunzirani mfundo ya Pascal kuti mumvetse izi.

Madzi aliwonse nthawi zonse amakakamiza zinthu zonse zomwe zakhudzana nawo. Madzi omwe timayika mu galasi amakakamiza khoma la galasi. Mofananamo, ngati tisamba mu dziwe losambira kapena m'madzi a m'nyanja, madzi a dziwe kapena madzi a m'nyanja amakakamizanso thupi lathu lonse.

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Nkhani yokhudza Kupanikizika mu Zamadzimadzi

Mu fizikisi, kupanikizika kumatanthauzidwa ngati mphamvu pa dera la unit, komwe komwe mphamvu imalowera kuli kolunjika ku dera la pamwamba. Mwa masamu, kupanikizika kumafotokozedwa ndi equation P = F / A, komwe P = kupanikizika, F = mphamvu ndi A = dera la pamwamba. Unit ya mphamvu (F) ndi Newton (N), unit ya dera ndi mita lalikulu (m ² ). Chifukwa kupanikizika ndi mphamvu pa dera la unit, unit ya kupanikizika ndi N/m ^2. Dzina lina la N/m ² ndi Pascal (Pa). Pascal idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati unit ya kupanikizika polemekeza Blaise Pascal.

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Nkhani yokhudza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yokoka

kachulukidwe

Khalidwe limodzi lofunika la chinthu ndi kuchulukana. Kuchulukana ndi chiŵerengero cha kulemera ndi kuchuluka. Kulemba masamu:

ρ = m / V

ρ (rho) ndi chilembo cha Chigiriki chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofotokoza kuchuluka kwa madzi, m ndi kulemera ndipo V ndi voliyumu. Kuchuluka kwa madzi ofanana ndi kosiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa chinthu cholimba chofanana. Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chili ndi kuchuluka kofanana m'mbali iliyonse. Mu mlengalenga wa Dziko Lapansi, mlengalenga ukakhala wokwera kuchokera pamwamba pa Dziko Lapansi, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kochepa, pomwe pamadzi a m'nyanja, madzi a m'nyanja akamazama, kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kwakukulu. Kuchuluka kwa madzi ofanana kungadalire zinthu zachilengedwe monga kutentha ndi kuthamanga.

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Nkhani yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya Bernoullis ndi equation ya Bernoullis

Chiphunzitso cha Torricelli

Chimodzi mwa ntchito za Bernoulli's equation ndikuwerengera liwiro la kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera pansi pa chidebe (onani chithunzi).

Timagwiritsa ntchito equation ya Bernoulli pa mfundo 1 (pamwamba pa chidebe) ndi mfundo 2 (pamwamba pa dzenje). Chifukwa chakuti m'mimba mwake mwa dzenje pansi pa chidebecho ndi wocheperako kuposa m'mimba mwake mwa chidebecho, liwiro la madzi pamwamba pa chidebecho limaonedwa kuti ndi zero (v ₁ = 0). Pamwamba pa chidebecho ndi pamwamba pa dzenjelo zimatseguka kotero kuti kuthamanga kuli kofanana ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya (P ₁ = P ₂ ). Chifukwa chake, equation ya Bernoulli pankhaniyi ndi iyi:

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