Nkhani yokhudza mfundo ya Pascals
Kodi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya hydraulic lift imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji pokweza galimoto? Kodi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya hydraulic brakes ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa liwiro la galimoto ndi iti? Chonde phunzirani mfundo ya Pascal kuti mumvetse izi.
Madzi aliwonse nthawi zonse amakakamiza zinthu zonse zomwe zakhudzana nawo. Madzi omwe timayika mu galasi amakakamiza khoma la galasi. Mofananamo, ngati tisamba mu dziwe losambira kapena m'madzi a m'nyanja, madzi a dziwe kapena madzi a m'nyanja amakakamizanso thupi lathu lonse.
Kupanikizika konse kwa madzi pa kuya kwina, mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa madzi a m'nyanja pa kuya kwa mamita 200 ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kuthamanga koyezedwa pa kuya kwa mamita 200. Chifukwa chake, kupatula kuthamanga kwa madzi.
Palinso mlengalenga womwe umaletsa pamwamba pa madzi a m'nyanja.
Kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumagwira ntchito pamalo onse amadzimadzi, ndipo kupanikizikako kumagawidwa kumadera onse amadzimadzi. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika konse kwa madzimadzi pa kuya kwina kupatula komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa madzimadzi pamwamba kumakhudzidwanso ndi kupsinjika kwa mlengalenga.
Kuti timvetse bwino kufotokozera kumeneku, tiyeni tiwonenso za madzi omwe ali mu chidebe.
Kupanikizika kwa madzi pansi pa chidebe, ndithudi, kuli kokwera kuposa kupanikizika kwa madzi pamwamba. Pamene madzi akutsika kwambiri, kupanikizika kwa madzi kumakwera, m'malo mwake, kuyandikira pamwamba pa chidebecho, kupanikizika kwa madzi kumachepa.
Kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika kumafanana ndi ρ gh (ρ = kuchuluka, g = mphamvu yokoka ndipo h = kutalika kapena kuzama). Pa mfundo iliyonse pa kuzama komweko, kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika ndi kofanana. Izi zimagwira ntchito pa zakumwa zonse zomwe zili mu chidebe chilichonse ndipo sizidalira mawonekedwe a chidebecho.
Ngati tiwonjezera mphamvu yakunja, mwachitsanzo pokanikiza pamwamba pa madzi, kukwera kwa mphamvu yamadzi kumakhala kofanana kulikonse. Chifukwa chake ngati mphamvu yakunja yaperekedwa, gawo lililonse la madzi limapeza mphamvu yofanana. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu nthawi zonse imakhala yofanana pamalo aliwonse akuya komweko. Iyi ndi mfundo ya Pascal, yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi kutchulidwa motsatira dzina la Blaise Pascal (1623-1662). Pascal ndi katswiri wafilosofi komanso wasayansi waku France.
Mfundo ya Pascal imati mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzimadzi pamalo otsekedwa idzatumizidwa ku gawo lililonse lamadzimadzi ndi makoma a chidebecho.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mfundo ya Pascal
Kutengera ndi mfundo ya Pascal, anthu apanga zida zingapo, zosavuta komanso zamakono, kuti zithandize moyo kukhala wosavuta. Zina mwa izo ndi Hydraulic Lifts, Hydraulic Brakes, ndi zina zotero.
Hydraulic Lift
Chokweza cha hydraulic chimakhala ndi chotengera chokhala ndi malo awiri. Pamalo onse awiri, pali pistoni, pomwe malo a pistoni kumanzere ndi ochepa kuposa malo a pistoni kumanja. Malo a pistoni amasinthidwa kuti agwirizane ndi malo a chotengeracho. Zombo zimadzazidwa ndi zakumwa, monga mafuta.
Ngati pisitoni yokhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba yakanikizidwa, gawo lililonse la madziwo limakanikizidwanso
Kukanikiza pansi. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi pistoni yokhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono kumaperekedwa ku zigawo zonse za madzi. Zotsatira zake, madziwo amakanikiza pistoni ndi malo akuluakulu mpaka pistoni ikakankhidwira mmwamba. Malo a pamwamba pa pistoni yokanikiza ndi ochepa kotero kuti mphamvu yofunikira kuti madziwo achepetse nayonso ndi yochepa. Koma chifukwa chakuti kukanikiza kumapitirira pa zigawo zonse za madziwo, mphamvu yaying'ono imasintha pamene madziwo akanikizira pistoni kumanja ndi malo akuluakulu. Kawirikawiri anthu amapereka mphamvu yolowera pa pistoni yokhala ndi malo akuluakulu chifukwa siipindulitsa? Pamwamba pa pistoni yomwe ili ndi malo akuluakulu nthawi zambiri pamakhala zinthu kapena zinthu zomwe zikufuna kunyamulidwa (monga galimoto).
Musadabwe ngati galimoto yokhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu imakwezedwa mosavuta pongokanikiza pistoni imodzi. Malo a pamwamba pa pistoni ndi ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti mphamvu yomwe timapereka nayonso ndi yochepa. Komabe, mphamvu yaying'ono yolowera ingasinthe kukhala mphamvu yayikulu yotulutsa ngati malo otulutsira ndi akulu.
Chitsanzo cha vuto 1:
Zodziwika:
A 1 = 100 cm 2
A 2 = 250 cm 2
F 1 = 200 N
Akufuna: F 2
Yankho:
Chitsanzo cha vuto 2:
Zodziwika:
A 1 = 100 cm 2 = 100 x 10 -4 m 2 = 0.01 m 2
A 2 = 250 cm 2 = 250 x 10 -4 m 2 = 0.025 m 2
Kulemera kwa katundu = 200 kg
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta (ρ) = 780 kg/ m3
Kutalika kwa mzati wa mafuta (h) = 2 m
Kuthamanga kwa mphamvu yokoka (g) = 10 m/s 2
Akufuna:
Kodi mphamvu yocheperako yolowera (F) ndi iti kuti katundu akhale wolinganizidwa (katunduyo sakuyenda)?
Yankho:
