Momwe Mungakulire Lavenda ku Indonesia
Lavender amadziwika kuti ndi chomera chokongola cha maluwa chokhala ndi fungo lapadera komanso lotonthoza. M'maiko otentha, lavenda imakula bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera, chopangira aromatherapy, komanso ngati mankhwala achilengedwe othamangitsa tizilombo. Ku Indonesia kotentha, kulima lavenda kumakhala kovuta pang'ono, koma sikungatheke. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusankha mtundu woyenera wa lavenda , kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera yokulira, kuwala, ndi kusamalira madzi kuti mupewe kuvunda kwa mizu. Nayi chitsogozo chathunthu cha momwe mungakulire lavenda ku Indonesia, kuyambira kukonzekera mpaka kusamalira.
1. Kumvetsetsa makhalidwe a lavenda ndi mavuto ake m'madera otentha.
Lavenda (Lavandula) mwachibadwa imakonda nyengo youma, kuwala kwa dzuwa kochuluka, mpweya wabwino kuyenda bwino, ndi nthaka yokhala ndi mabowo (yomwe imachotsa madzi mosavuta). Mavuto akuluakulu ku Indonesia ndi mpweya wonyowa, mvula yambiri, komanso kutentha kwa chaka chonse. Chinyezi ndi nthaka yonyowa kwambiri zimatha kulimbikitsa bowa ndikupangitsa mizu ya lavenda kuola msanga.
Chifukwa chake, kubzala lavenda ku Indonesia ndikotetezeka m'madera omwe:
- Pezani kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola osachepera 6 patsiku.
– Sizimasefukira mvula ikagwa.
- Mpweya umayendera bwino.
– Gwiritsani ntchito chodzalira chomwe chimauma msanga (sichisunga madzi kwa nthawi yayitali).
2. Sankhani mtundu wa lavenda womwe ndi woyenera ku Indonesia.
Si mitundu yonse ya lavenda yomwe imakonda kumera m'malo otsika otentha. Ngati ndinu woyamba kumene, sankhani mitundu yomwe imapirira kutentha ndi chinyezi. Mitundu ina yomwe amakonda zomera ku Indonesia amayesa kwambiri ndi iyi:
– Lavandula dentata (French lavender): amadziwika kuti amalekerera nyengo yotentha kuposa mitundu ina. Ali ndi masamba okhuthala ndi maluwa ofiirira opepuka.
– Lavandula stoechas (Spanish lavender): ili ndi "korona" yapadera pamwamba pa duwa. Komabe, anthu ena amaona kuti mtundu uwu ndi wovuta kwambiri m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri.
– Lavandula angustifolia (lavenda wa Chingerezi): ndi wonunkhira bwino kwambiri, wodziwika ndi mafuta ake ofunikira, koma nthawi zambiri umakhala woyenera nyengo yozizira. Ku Indonesia, umakula bwino ukakula m'mapiri.
Ngati mukukhala m'dera lotentha kwambiri, kubzala m'miphika kumakhala kosavuta chifukwa malo otseguka amatha kuyendetsedwa ndipo miphika imatha kusunthidwa kupita kumalo abwino kwambiri.
3. Dziwani malo obzala: mapiri ndi otsika
Lavender imakula bwino m'malo okwera (monga m'mapiri) chifukwa cha kutentha kozizira komanso chinyezi chokhazikika. Komabe, lavenda ikhoza kumerabe m'malo otsika ngati mutasintha njira yanu yosamalira, makamaka pankhani ya:
- Pewani zinthu zoyatsira mpweya zomwe zili ndi chinyezi kwambiri.
– Thirani zomera kuti zisagwere mvula yambiri.
– Ikani chomera pamalo omwe dzuwa limatentha kuyambira m'mawa mpaka masana.
Ngati mvula yagwa kwambiri m'dera lanu, ganizirani kuyika mphikawo pamalo owala bwino kapena pansi pa denga loyera (monga denga lowonekera bwino) kuti ukhalebe wowala koma "usamagwere mvula nthawi zonse."
4. Konzani malo oyenera obzalamo
Chomera cha lavenda ndicho chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Lavenda sakonda nthaka yolemera yomwe imasunga madzi. Chomera chabwino chiyenera kukhala chomasuka, chopanda mabowo, komanso chotulutsa madzi mwachangu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza izi (ziwerengero zitha kusinthidwa):
– Dothi la m'munda: gawo limodzi
– Mchenga wouma kapena mchenga wa Malang: gawo limodzi
– Mankhusu a mpunga wopsereza kapena perlite/pumice: gawo limodzi
– Kuwonjezera kwina: kompositi yokhwima pang'ono (musapitirire malire)
Cholinga chake ndi kupanga malo osungira madzi osanyowa. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mphika, onetsetsani kuti uli ndi mabowo okwanira otulutsira madzi. Muthanso kuwonjezera miyala pansi pa mphika, koma chofunika kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka malo osungira madzi.
Lavenda amakondanso nthaka yopanda asidi pang'ono kuposa pH ya alkaline. Ngati nthaka ili ndi asidi wambiri, anthu ena amawonjezera dolomite pang'ono, koma amachita zimenezo pang'ono osati mopitirira muyeso.
5. Momwe mungakulire lavenda kuchokera ku mbewu
Njira yosavuta kwa oyamba kumene ndiyo kubzala kuchokera ku mbande zokonzedwa kale (zomera). Mbande nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa m'minda kapena m'misika.
Masitepe obzala:
1. Konzani mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi osachepera 20-30 kuti mizu ikhale ndi malo.
2. Dzazani mphika ndi malo obzalamo omwe ali ndi mabowo okwana 2/3.
3. Chotsani mbande mu thumba la polybag mosamala kuti mizu isawonongeke.
4. Bzalani mbewu pakati pa mphika, onjezerani zophimba kuti ziphimbe mizu.
5. Yambani pang'ono, musakanikize mwamphamvu kuti chosindikizira chikhalebe ndi mabowo.
6. Thirirani madzi pang'ono kuti muzitha kusintha, kenako ikani pamalo owala.
Pewani feteleza wambiri panthawi yoyamba kubzala. Yang'anani kwambiri pa momwe chomeracho chidzasinthira mkati mwa masabata awiri mpaka atatu oyambirira.
6. Kulima lavenda kuchokera ku nthambi za mitengo (njira ina yotsika mtengo)
Ngati muli kale ndi chomera chachikulu, lavender ikhoza kufalikira poduladula. Njira iyi ndi yosavuta ndipo imabweretsa zotsatira mwachangu.
1. Sankhani tsinde lathanzi, losakalamba kwambiri, lalitali pafupifupi 10–15 cm.
2. Dulani mopingasa, tayani masamba apansi.
3. Valani pansi pa tsinde mu root stimulating hormone (ngati mukufuna).
4. Ikani mu chotsukira chopepuka monga mchenga wosakaniza ndi makoko a mpunga wopsereza.
5. Sungani pamalo owala koma osagwa mvula yamphamvu.
6. Sungani chinyezi chokwanira (musathirire madzi mopitirira muyeso). Mizu ndi mphukira zatsopano zikaonekera, zibzalireni mumphika waukulu.
7. Kuthirira: pang'ono koma nthawi zonse
Cholakwika chofala kwambiri polima lavenda ku Indonesia ndi kuthirira mopitirira muyeso. Lavenda imapirira chilala kuposa zomera zambiri za m'nyumba za m'madera otentha.
Buku losavuta:
– Thirirani madzi pamene pamwamba pa chivindikirocho pakumva kuti pauma.
– Mu nyengo yamvula, kuthirira kungakhale kosowa kwambiri kapena kosafunikira ngati malo ophikira nthawi zambiri amakhala onyowa.
– Pewani kulowetsa madzi pansi pa mphika. Tayani madzi aliwonse omwe asonkhana kuti mizu isawole.
Ndi bwino kusunga chomeracho kuti chikhale chouma pang'ono kusiyana ndi kunyowa kwambiri. Lavenda yomwe yathiridwa madzi ambiri nthawi zambiri imasonyeza zizindikiro monga chikasu, masamba ofota, kapena tsinde lakuda pafupi ndi maziko.
8. Kufunika kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya wozungulira
Lavenda imafuna kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola osachepera 6. Kusowa kwa dzuwa kungayambitse kusokonekera (kukula kotalikirapo, kofooka), masamba otuwa, komanso kuvutika kutulutsa maluwa. Ikani lavenda pamalo omwe:
- Kuwonetsedwa padzuwa kuyambira m'mawa mpaka masana.
– Silikutsekedwa bwino ndi makoma/makoma popanda mpweya wotuluka.
- Osati mdima kwambiri tsiku lonse.
Ngati mukubzala pa khonde kapena pa khonde, onetsetsani kuti kuwala kwake kukuwalabe, osati kuwala kokha.
9. Kupatsa feteleza: musapitirire
Lavenda safuna feteleza wochuluka. Feteleza wa nayitrogeni wambiri umabweretsa masamba obiriwira koma maluwa ochepa, ndipo chomeracho chidzakhala chosavuta kugwidwa ndi matenda.
Feteleza zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito:
– Manyowa akhwima pang'ono, ingopakani wosanjikiza woonda miyezi ingapo iliyonse.
- Feteleza wochepa amatuluka pang'onopang'ono.
- Feteleza wamadzimadzi wachilengedwe ndi kuchuluka kochepa, mwachitsanzo kamodzi pa masabata 2-4 aliwonse pamene zomera zikukula mwachangu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi thanzi la mizu ndi malo osungira madzi okwanira; izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa feteleza wochuluka.
10. Kudulira maluwa kuti akulitse komanso kusunga mawonekedwe ake
Kudulira kumathandiza kuti lavenda likhale loyera komanso kulimbikitsa kukula kwatsopano. Maluwa akayamba kufota, dulani nthambi za maluwawo ndikudula nthambi zazitali kwambiri. Pewani kudulira kwambiri mpaka ku tsinde lakale komanso lolimba, chifukwa zomera zina za lavenda zimavutika kumeranso m'malo amenewa.
Kudulira pang'ono komanso nthawi zonse kumapangitsa chomeracho kukhala chobiriwira komanso chotha kumera maluwa pafupipafupi.
11. Kuletsa tizilombo ndi matenda ofala
M'malo ozizira, mavuto ofala kwambiri ndi bowa ndi kuvunda kwa mizu. Njira yabwino yopewera ndi kukhala ndi malo obowola, kuthirira mokwanira, komanso mpweya wabwino.
Tizilombo tomwe nthawi zina timaoneka:
– Nsabwe kapena nthata: Thirani mankhwala opopera ndi madzi, sopo wochepa wopha tizilombo, kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo a zomera.
– Mbozi zazing'ono: zitha kutengedwa pamanja ngati chiwerengerocho chili chochepa.
Ngati madontho a bowa aonekera, chepetsani chinyezi, dulani madera omwe akhudzidwa, ndipo ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera bowa ngati pakufunika kutero.
12. Kodi lavenda imayamba liti kuphuka ndipo imafunika kukolola bwanji?
Lavender nthawi zambiri imayamba kuphuka chomera chikakhwima mokwanira ndipo chimalandira kuwala kokwanira. Nthawi yophukira maluwa imatha kusiyana kutengera mtundu ndi malo omwe chili. Kukolola:
- Dulani nthambi za maluwa pamene zina mwa mphukirazo sizinatsegulidwe mokwanira kuti fungo likhale lamphamvu.
– Mangani mu zidutswa zing'onozing'ono ndipo ziume pozipachika mozondoka pamalo amthunzi, ouma, komanso opatsa mpweya wabwino.
Maluwa ouma a lavenda angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati potpourri, air fresheners, kapena mankhwala osakaniza tiyi (onetsetsani kuti mtunduwo ndi wotetezeka kudya komanso wopanda mankhwala ophera tizilombo).
Kutseka
Kulima lavenda ku Indonesia kumafuna kusintha kwapadera chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa nyengo ndi malo ake okhala. Komabe, posankha mitundu yolekerera bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito malo olima omwe amachotsa madzi mwachangu, kupereka kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, komanso kupewa kuthirira kwambiri, lavenda imatha kukula ndi kuphuka bwino. Yambani mwa kubzala mumphika kuti muzitha kuwongolera mosavuta malo olima ndi kuthirira. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso chokhazikika, lavenda ikhoza kukhala chomera chokongola cha m'nyumba chomwe chimabweretsanso fungo lotonthoza kunyumba kwanu.
