Ngā Wāhanga i roto i te Nacelle o te Pūwero Hau
Ko ngā tāwhana hau tētahi o ngā auahatanga hangarau tino auaha e whakamahia ana hei whakaputa pūngao ma. Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūnaha te mana hau hei huri i ngā mata tāwhana, ka huri i te pūngao nekeneke hei pūngao hiko. Ko tētahi o ngā huānga matua o te tāwhana hau ko te nacelle—he anga e tiaki ana i ngā wāhanga miihini me ngā wāhanga hiko e huri ana i te pūngao hau hei hiko.
Te Mārama ki a Nacelle
He hanganga āhua-kapi te nacelle o te tāpine hau kei runga i te pourewa, e tautoko ana i ngā mata o te tāpine. He mahi nui tā te nacelle ki te tiaki me te tautoko i ētahi wāhanga nui e whai kawenga ana mō te hurihanga pūngao. Ahakoa te āhua māmā noa iho i waho, kei roto i te nacelle he maha ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha uaua. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka matapakihia e mātou ngā wāhanga matua o te nacelle o te tāpine hau.
1. Rotor me te Pou Matua
Ko te rotor te wāhanga o te tāpine hau e titoa ana ki ngā mata tāpine. Ko ēnei mata te wāhanga tino rongonui o te tāpine hau, e hurihuri ana ina pāngia e te hau.
– Ngā Mata Tāpine: He mea hanga i ngā rauemi hiato pēnei i te muka karāhe, te muka waro rānei. He mea hanga kia ātea te hau hei whakanui ake i te kaha hopu pūngao hau.
– Pou Matua: Ka honoa te rotor ki te pou matua, he pou kaha, hurihuri e tuku ana i te pūngao miihini mai i ngā mata o te rotor ki te whakaputa hiko. He maha ngā wā ka honoa e te pou matua te rotor ki te pūnaha whakawhiti taputapu.
2. Pūnaha Pouaka Taputapu
He wāhanga nui te pouaka miihini e whakanui ana i te tere hurihuri o ngā mata o te tāpine. Ko ngā mata o te tāpine ka huri i ngā tere iti, i waenga i te 10 me te 20 hurihanga ia meneti (RPM), engari me tere ake ngā tere o ngā miihini whakaputa hiko kia pai ai te whakaputa hiko, i te nuinga o te wā tata ki te 1.000 ki te 1.500 RPM.
– Mahi: Ka whakanuia e te pouaka miihini te tere hurihuri mā roto i tētahi raupapa taputapu hei whakateretere i te hurihuri o te pou matua i mua i te tohatoha ki te whakaputa hiko.
– Ngā Momo Pouaka Taputapu: He maha ngā momo pouaka taputapu, tae atu ki ngā pouaka taputapu aorangi, porowhita, me te kutukutu, he rerekē ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga o ia momo i runga i te hoahoa o te tāpine me ngā whakaritenga pūngao.
3. Kaihanga
He wāhanga te pūkaha hiko e huri ana i te pūngao miihini mai i te pou matua ki te pūngao hiko. He maha ngā momo pūkaha hiko e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tāhū hau:
– Pūkaha Whakaoho: E whakamahia whānuitia ana nā te mea he iti te utu me te roa o te wā.
– Kaihanga Tukutahi: Ka taea te whakarato i te pumau auau pai ake me te pai ake o te mahi ki te whakataurite ki te kaihanga hiko whakaawe.
– Pūhiko Aukume Tuturu: He tino whai hua, he iti hoki ngā utu tiaki engari he nui ake te utu hanga i te tīmatanga.
4. Pūnaha Pēki
Ko te pūnaha aukati i roto i te tāpine hau he mea hei aukati i te hurihuri o te rotor ina nui rawa te hau, ina hiahiatia rānei he tiaki.
– Te Pēki Ā-Hauora: Kei roto i tēnei te huri i ngā mata o te tāpine hei whakaiti i te tere hurihuri.
– Te Pēki Ā-Mīhini: Te whakamahi i ngā kōpae me ngā papa pēki hei whakaroa, hei whakamutu rānei i te rotor.
5. Pūnaha Whakamatao
He nui te wera e whakaputaina ana e ngā whakaputa hiko me ngā pouaka miihini i te wā e whakahaerehia ana, nō reira he mea nui te pūnaha whakamatao kia tika ai te mahi a ngā wāhanga miihini, kia kore ai hoki e wera rawa.
– Te Hau Whakamatao: Ko te nuinga o ngā tāpine hau e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha whakamatao e ahu mai ana i te hau nā te mea he māmā, he iti hoki te utu.
– Whakamatao Wai: Ka whakamahia i roto i ētahi tāpine nui, i ngā taiao tino kino rānei. Ka whakamahia e tēnei pūnaha ngā wai motuhake pēnei i te hinu, te wai/glycol rānei hei whakamatao i ngā wāhanga.
6. Pūnaha Whakahinuhinu
He mea nui te whakahinuhinu hei whakaiti i te waku i roto i ngā wāhanga miihini pēnei i ngā pouaka miihini me ngā peera. Ka whakapai ake tēnei i te whai huatanga o te mahi, ka roa ake hoki te ora o te wāhanga.
– Aunoa: He maha ngā tāpine hau hou he pūnaha whakahinuhinu aunoa hei whakahaere me te aroturuki tonu i te hinu whakahinuhinu.
– Ā-ringa: I ētahi pūnaha māmā ake, tawhito ake rānei, ka mahia ā-ringa te whakahinuhinu, ā, me tirotirohia tonutia.
7. Ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere me te Aroturuki Hiko
Kia pai ai te mahi a ngā tāpine hau, kia haumaru hoki te whakahaere, me whakamahi hoki i ngā pūnaha whakahaere me te aroturuki hiko.
– Mana Whakahaere PLC: Ka whakamahia te Mana Whakahaere Arorau Ka taea te Whakahōtaka (PLC) hei whakahaere me te aroturuki i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere o te tāpine, pērā i te tere o te hau, te tūnga o te mata, me te tūnga o te whakaputa hiko.
– SCADA: Mā ngā pūnaha Whakahaere Tirotiro me te Kohi Raraunga (SCADA) ka taea te aroturuki me te whakahaere mamao i ngā tāpine hau. Mā roto i ngā pūoko me ngā pūmanawa, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te aroturuki i te mahi tāpine me te kite wawe i ngā raruraru.
– Ngā Pūoko: He maha ngā pūoko e whakamahia ana hei kite i te tere o te hau, te pāmahana, te wiri, me te tūranga o te mata o te tāpine.
8. Pūnaha Āwhiowhio
Ka whakamahia te pūnaha yaw hei whakarerekē i te ahunga o te nacelle kia anga tonu ai ngā mata o te tāpine ki te hau kia nui ake ai te whai huatanga o te pūngao.
– Mōta Āwhiowhio: Ka akiaki i te nacelle kia hurihuri i runga i te ahunga o te hau.
– Pūoko Hau: Ka kitea te ahunga me te tere o te hau hei tohu i te motuka yaw kia whakatikahia te tūranga o te nacelle.
9. Tuku me te Whakawhiti
Ko ngā tāpine hau he mea hono ki tētahi whatunga tuku hiko e hiahia ana ki ngā ngaohiko teitei ake. Nō reira, ka whakamahia he whakawhiti hiko kei roto, kei te taha rānei o te nacelle hei whakanui ake i te ngaohiko e whakaputaina ana e te whakaputa hiko.
– Pūwhakawhiti: Ka huri i te ngaohiko hiko mai i te whakaputa hiko ki tētahi ngaohiko teitei ake mō te tuku.
– Ngā Taura me ngā Taputapu Whakawhiti: Ngā taura hiko e hono ana i te whakaputa hiko ki te whakawhiti hiko, ā, ki te whatunga whatunga hiko, ki te whatunga tohatoha ā-rohe rānei.
10. Whare Noho me ngā Hanganga
Me kaha te nacelle ki te tu atu i ngā kawenga miihini me ngā āhuatanga kino o te rangi. Nō reira, he mea hanga te hanganga o te whare nacelle ki ngā rauemi pakari, pakari hoki.
– Rauemi: He mea hanga ki te maitai, ki tētahi rauemi hiato kaha engari mama rānei.
– Hoahoa Āhuarangi: Ka whakaiti i te ātete ki te hau, ka whakapiki hoki i te pumau whānui o te tāpine.
Whakamutunga
He maha ngā wāhanga nui o te nacelle o te tāpine hau e mahi tahi ana hei huri i te kaha o te hau hei hiko e taea ai te whakamahi. Mai i te rotor me te pouaka miihini ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere hiko me te whakamatao, he mahi nui tā ia wāhanga hei whakarite kia pai te mahi a te tāpine hau me te pono. Mā te mārama ki ēnei wāhanga ka āwhina i a tātou ki te maioha ki te uaua me te mīharo hangarau e āhei ai tātou ki te whakamahi i te kaha o te hau hei puna pūngao ma, ka taea te whakahou.
