Te wikitoria i te raruraru o te iti o te hiahia ki te pānui
He take e kōrerohia pinepine ana te iti o te hiahia ki te pānui, i roto i ngā kura, i ngā whānau, me te hapori whānui. I tēnei ao matihiko, he maha ngā tāngata e ngāwari ana te tahuri ke i ngā momo whakangahau tere - mai i ngā ataata poto me ngā pāpāho pāpori ki ngā kēmu. Ko te pānui, e hiahia ana ki te arotahi me te manawanui, e kiia ana he mahi "uaua" he "hoha" rānei. Heoi, he pānga nui tō ngā tikanga pānui ki ngā pūkenga whakaaro o te tangata, ki ngā pūkenga reo, ki ngā pūkenga tātari, tae atu ki ngā whai wāhitanga mātauranga me ngā whai wāhitanga mahi. E matapakihia ana e tēnei tuhinga ngā take o te iti o te hiahia ki te pānui me ngā mahi whai hua hei whakatika.
He aha i iti ai te hiahia ki te pānui?
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka ārai i te whanaketanga o te whanonga pānui. Tuatahi, te urunga me te taiao. Kāore e taea e te katoa te uru atu ki ngā pukapuka whakamere, ki tētahi whare pukapuka whakamarie, ki tētahi wāhi ako tautoko rānei. Ki te mea he onge te kitenga o tētahi i ētahi atu e pānui ana mai i te tamarikitanga, kāore i a rātou te tauira e kī ana he mahi ngahau, he mahi nui hoki te pānui.
Tuarua, ko ngā momo me ngā tikanga whakatipu tamariki i te kāinga. He maha ngā whānau kāore i te whakarite kia noho te pānui pukapuka hei wāhanga o ō rātou oranga. He maha ngā wā ka hoatu he taputapu ki ngā tamariki hei whakangahau, hei "whakamarie" rānei, me te kore he tirotiro. Nō reira, he nui ake te wā waatea e pau ana ki te pānui i ngā tuhinga tere, kaua ki te pānui i ngā tuhinga roa.
Tuatoru, ngā wheako pānui kāore i te tino pai. Ka tipu ake ētahi tāngata me te whakaaro he rite te pānui ki ngā mahi kura, ki te maumahara, ki ngā whakamātautau rānei. Ki te hono tonu ngā wheako pānui tōmua ki te pēhanga me te whakatau, ka uaua ki te whakawhanake i te hiahia ki te pānui.
Tuawhā, ngoikore ngā pūkenga pānui. Ina iti te kaha o te tangata ki te pānui—hei tauira, he puhoi ki te mārama ki te tuhinga, he ngāwari rānei te ngenge i a ia e pānui ana—ka hoha pea te pānui. Ka puta he huringa: nā te mea he uaua, ka whakaroa rātou; nā te mea he whakaroa rātou, kāore ō rātou kaha e pai ake.
Tuarima, te whakataetae ki ngā mea whakararuraru matihiko. Kua hangaia ngā rauropi pāpāho pāpori hei pupuri i te aro o ngā kaiwhakamahi mō te wā roa, ka waiho te pānui hei mea ngoikore. Me arotahi te pānui, engari he tere, he tonu te whakangahau e tukuna ana e ngā ihirangi matihiko.
Te Pānga o te Hiahia Iti ki te Pānui
Ehara i te mea ko te iti o te hiahia ki te pānui pukapuka he mea noa iho nā te whakatuwhera pukapuka. Ka pā te pānga ki te katoa. I roto i te mātauranga, ko ngā ākonga kāore i te tino mōhio ki te pānui ka uaua ki te mārama ki ngā pātai roa, ki te tuhi tuhinga roa, me te ngongo i ngā rauemi akoranga. I roto i te oranga o ia rā, ko te iti o te mōhio ki te pānui ka ngāwari ki te rongo i ngā kōrero teka, ka uaua ki te tātari i ngā purongo, ā, ka uaua hoki ki te tirotiro i ngā puna kōrero.
I te wāhi mahi, he mea nui anō hoki te āheinga ki te pānui me te mārama ki ngā kōrero tuhituhi: te mārama ki ngā tohutohu, te tuhi pūrongo, te ako i ngā pūkenga hou, me te whai i ngā whanaketanga hangarau. Nō reira, ehara i te mea he take kura anake te whakatipu i te hiahia ki te pānui, engari he haumitanga mō te wā roa.
Ngā Rautaki hei Whakakore i te Hiahia iti ki te Pānui
Hei whakatika i tēnei raruraru, me whai huarahi maha-pānga, mai i ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā whānau ki ngā kura, ki ngā kāwanatanga me ngā hapori. Anei ētahi rautaki ka taea te whakatinana mārire.
1. Meinga te Pānui hei Mahi Whaitake, hei Mahi Ngāhau hoki
He hapa noa te akiaki i te tangata ki te pānui pukapuka kāore e rite ana ki ō rātou hiahia. Heoi, ka taea te pānui mā roto i ngā mea katoa: pakiwaituhi, pakiwaitara poto, pukapuka rongonui, kōrero mō ngā whakapakoko, tuhinga pūtaiao mārama, tae atu ki ngā pukapuka tunu kai, pukapuka mahi toi rānei. Ko te mea nui ko te hanga i tētahi tikanga i te tuatahi. Kia mau te tikanga, kātahi ka whakawhānui haere i ngā momo pānui.
He huarahi whai hua: tuhia he rārangi o ngā kaupapa e pai ana ki a koe—pērā i ngā hākinakina, ngā waiata, ngā whakamataku, ngā hītori, ngā hangarau rānei—kātahi ka kimihia he rauemi pānui mō aua kaupapa. Ina hono atu ngā kaipānui ki te ihirangi, ka māori ake te ahua o te pānui.
2. Tīmata ki ngā whāinga iti engari pumau
He tokomaha te hunga kāore e whakawhanake i te tikanga pānui nā te mea he nui rawa te whāinga kua whakatakotoria e rātou, pērā i te kotahi pukapuka i te wiki. Heoi, mō te hunga tīmata, he pai noa iho te rima ki te tekau meneti o te pānui i te rā. He mea nui ake te auau i ngā wā pānui roa, poto noa.
Hei tauira, pānuihia kia 2–3 whārangi i ia pō i mua i te moe. I muri i ngā wiki e rua, whakanuia ki te 5–10 whārangi. Mā ngā tikanga iti, mā te mahi tonu, ka hanga he "tuakiri": ka tīmata te tangata ki te whakaaro he kaipānui ia.
3. Te Waihanga i tētahi Taiao Tautoko
He mea nui te taiao. I te kāinga, waihangahia he wāhi iti, he wāhi whakamarie mō te pānui pukapuka: he mārama, he marino, ā, kāore he mea hei whakararuraru. Ki te taea, whakatakotoria ngā pukapuka ki tētahi wāhi e kitea ana, pērā i te rūma noho, i te taha rānei o tō tēpu. He pai ake te whakatuwhera i tētahi pukapuka e kitea ana.
I roto i ngā kura, me whakapai ake te manaaki i ngā whare pukapuka: me ngā kohinga hou, ngā wāhi whakamarie, ngā rauemi pānui e taunakitia ana, me ngā mahi pānui me te pānui ngāwari. Me waiho ngā whare pukapuka hei wāhi whakangahau, kaua ko ngā wāhi tango pukapuka anake.
4. Whakaitihia ngā Whakararuraru Mamati mā te Ātaahua
Kāore i te tino pono te aukati rawa i ngā taputapu, engari ka taea te whakahaere i te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu. Waihangahia he ture māmā: hei tauira, 30 meneti te pānui pukapuka i mua i te tākaro kēmu, i te tirotiro pāpāho pāpori rānei. Whakahohehia te aratau wahangu, whakamahia te āhuatanga "wā mata", waiho rānei tō waea i a koe e pānui ana.
Mena he uaua te pānui pukapuka tūturu, he pai rawa atu ngā pukapuka matihiko hei huarahi kē atu. He maha ngā taupānga e tuku ana i ngā rauemi pānui kore utu, utu iti rānei. Heoi, me whakahaere te hinengaro kia kore ai ngā taputapu e waiho hei take whakararuraru.
5. Te Hanga i tētahi Ahurea o te Pānui me te Tuhituhi mā roto i ngā Mahi Hapori
Kāore e hiahiatia kia noho takitahi te pānui pukapuka. Mā ngā karapu pukapuka, ngā wero pānui pukapuka, ngā kōrerorero ā-wā, ngā mahi arotake pukapuka rānei ka pai ake te pānui pukapuka. Mā te whakapuaki kōrero mō ngā pukapuka kua pānuihia e rātou ka piki ake te hihiri nā te taha pāpori me te maioha.
I ngā kura, ka taea e ngā kaiako te whakahaere i tētahi wā "pānui 15-meneti" i mua i te akomanga, kātahi ka tono i ngā ākonga kia kōrero poto i te pānui me te kore e pēhia e ngā māka. I roto i te hapori, ka taea e ngā māra pānui me ngā hapori pānui te whakahaere i ngā wā pānui, i ngā wā kōrero pakiwaitara rānei mā ngā tamariki.
6. Te Tūranga o te Whānau: Te Hei Tauira Tuturu
Ka whai ngā tamariki i ngā tikanga a ō rātou mātua. Mēnā ka nui ake te wā e noho ana ngā pakeke i te kāinga ki te titiro ki ngā mata i te pānui pukapuka, ka whakaaro ngā tamariki he mea koretake te pānui pukapuka. Nō reira, ka taea e ngā mātua te whakatakoto tauira māmā: pānuihia he nūpepa, he pukapuka, he tuhinga roa rānei, kātahi ka kōrerohia te kaupapa ki tā rātou tamaiti.
He tikanga tino whai hua te pānui i ngā pūrākau moe. Haunga te whakatipu i te aroha ki te pānui, ka whakapakari ake tēnei mahi i ngā hononga kare ā-roto, ā, ka whakanui ake hoki i te puna kupu a te tamaiti.
7. Whakapakari i ngā Pūkenga Pānui me te Mārama
Ki ētahi tāngata, ehara te mangere i te raruraru matua, engari ko te uaua ki te mārama ki ngā tuhinga. Ko te otinga he mahi āta haere. Tīmata ki ngā tuhinga poto me te reo māmā, kātahi ka neke ki te pānui uaua ake. Ki te tika, whakamahia ngā tikanga pānui pēnei i te tuhi tuhipoka, te whakanui i ngā whakaaro nui, te whakarāpopoto rānei i tētahi paraka i roto i te rerenga kotahi.
I te pai haere o te māramatanga, ka nui ake te ngahau ki te pānui nā te mea kāore e rite ki te taumaha.
Te Katinga
He raruraru ka taea te whakakore i te iti o te hiahia ki te pānui, mena ka arohia i runga i te pono me te auau. Ehara te pānui i te herenga mātauranga noa iho, engari he pūkenga ora e whakarei ake ana i te māramatanga, e whakahōhonu ake ana i te whakaaro, e whakapai ake ana i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ko te otinga pai ehara i te akiaki i te tangata ki te pānui, engari ko te waihanga i tētahi wheako pānui e pai ana, e whai tikanga ana, e wātea ana hoki. Mā te tautoko a ngā whānau, ngā kura, ngā hapori, me te mōhiotanga takitahi, ka taea e te ahurea pānui te tipu anō - āta haere engari he pono.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te whakarerekē i tēnei tuhinga hei putanga mā ngā ākonga kura tuarua/kura tuarua, hei putanga pūtaiao me ngā raraunga me ngā tohutoro, hei putanga whakaaro rānei me ngā tauira take i Initonīhia.
