Te Rerekētanga i waenga i ngā Oumu Hiko me ngā Oumu Uku i roto i te Tunu Kai
Nā te whanaketanga o te hangarau o te kīhini kua whānui ake ngā momo taputapu tunu kai. Haunga te oumu hau tawhito, kua rongonui ngā oumu hiko me ngā oumu uku, inā koa i roto i ngā whare hou pēnei i ngā whare noho me ngā whare iti. Ahakoa e kiia ana ēnei e ētahi he "oumu hiko", he rerekē ngā āhuatanga whakahaere, ngā whakaritenga taputapu tunu kai, me te mahi. Mā te mārama ki ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā mea e rua ka āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te oumu e pai ana mō ō hiahia tunu kai, tō momo noho, me te tāutanga hiko o te kāinga.
1. Te whakamāramatanga me tana mahi
Ko te umu hiko e pā ana ki tētahi papa oumu e whakaputa ana i te wera mai i tētahi wāhanga whakamahana hiko. Ka taea tēnei wāhanga te waiho hei koiri, hei pereti wera rānei. Ina rere te hiko mā roto, ka wera te wāhanga, ā, ka whakawhitia te wera ki te paraharaha mā te whakapā tika. Nā te mea he wāhanga whakamahana te pūtake wera, ka āta haere te urupare: ka roa te wā e tae ai ki te pāmahana teitei, ā, ka roa hoki te wā e whakamatao ai.
I taua wā, ko te tunu kai uku he tunu kai e pā ana ki tētahi oumu he mata karaihe uku maeneene, papatahi. Kei raro i tēnei mata he whakamahana hihi, he pūnaha halogen rānei. Nō reira, kei te whakamahi tonu ngā tunu kai uku i te hiko, engari ko ngā rerekētanga matua kei roto i te rauemi me te hoahoa o te tunu kai, me te huarahi hoki e tukuna ai te wera. Ka tohatohahia e te tunu kai uku te wera kia ōrite ki raro o te paraharaha, me te whakarato hoki i tētahi āhua hou ake me te horoi ngāwari.
He kōrero nui: He maha ngā wā ka pōhēhētia ngā papa tunu uku ki ngā papa tunu hiko whakapūmau i te mākete nā te āhua ōrite (he papatahi ngā mata e rua). Heoi, ka whakamahia e ngā papa tunu hiko whakapūmau ngā mara hiko hiko, ehara i te mea he wae whakamahana. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka kōrerohia ngā papa tunu uku he papa tunu hiko me ngā mata karāhe-uku (whakaata/whakapūmau), ehara i te mea he whakapūmau.
2. Te tere wera me te whakahaere pāmahana
Mō te tere o te whakamahana, ko ngā oumu hiko me ngā wāhanga koiri/pereti wera ka roa ake te whakamahana ōrite nā te mea ka whakamahana tuatahitia te papatipu whakarewa e te wāhanga. Ina whakanuia, ina whakaitihia rānei te taumata wera, kāore e tino kitea te huringa pāmahana o te paraharaha i te tere tonu. Ka pā pea tēnei ki ngā rihi e hiahia ana kia tika te whakahaere i te pāmahana, pērā i te hanga ranu pakarukaru, te whakarewa rānei i te tiakarete.
He pai ake te whakamahana o ngā oumu uku, ā, he ōrite ake te wera puta noa i te mata tunu kai. Ka taea e ngā huānga hihi/halogen te whakamahana i te wāhi tunu kai i ngā wā katoa. Heoi, nā te mea kei te whakawhirinaki tonu rātou ki te wera toenga mai i te mata karāhe-uku, ka puta hoki te "wera toenga" i ngā oumu uku i muri i te whakaweto. He pai pea tēnei wera toenga mō te whakamahana anō i te kai, engari me tūpato kia kaua e tunua rawatia te kai, kia kore ai hoki ō ringaringa e pā ki te mata wera tonu.
3. Te whai huatanga o te pūngao me ngā utu hiko
Ko te whai huatanga o te oumu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakawhiti wera mai i te pūtake wera ki te paraharaha. Ka nui ake te ngaronga wera o ngā oumu hiko tuwhera-huānga (koiri) ki te hau e karapoti ana. Hei tāpiri, ka kore e tino pā te mata ki te paraharaha, ā, ka iti ake te whakawhiti wera.
Ko ngā oumu uku he papatahi te mata, he pai ake te pa atu ki te paraharaha (i runga i te papatahi o te turanga o te paraharaha). Nō reira, he pai ake te whakamahana i te oumu koiri tuku iho. Heoi, ka whakamahana tonu ngā oumu uku i te mata i te tuatahi, nō reira ko te wera e toe ana, e ngaro ana ki te taiao, ka pāngia tōna pai.
I roto i te mahi, ka pāngia hoki ngā utu hiko e te kaha o te oumu me ngā tikanga tunu kai. Me aro ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā whakaritenga mana, pērā i te 800–2000 watts mō ngā oumu kawe, teitei ake rānei mō ngā oumu kua hangaia ki roto. Mena he iti te hiko o te whare, he pai ake te whakamahi i te oumu me ngā tautuhinga mana maha-taumata me te āhuatanga haumaru mō te taumaha rawa.
4. Hototahi ki ngā taputapu tunu kai
Ko ngā oumu koiri/werawera hiko he pai ake te āhua ki ngā momo kohua me ngā paraharaha, tae atu ki ērā he paku piko, he koretake rānei te raro. Ko te maitai kore waikura, te konumohe, te Teflon, me te rino maka he pai noa iho mēnā he tika te rahi, he pumau hoki.
He pai ake te whakamahi i ngā paraharaha papatahi hei hora i te wera kia ōrite, kia kore ai hoki e wera rawa. Ka taea e ngā paraharaha he mata kāore i te ōrite te wera, ā, ka waiho pea he tohu ki te mata karāhe-uku. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā paraharaha he tino taratara te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga o te rakuraku ina nekehia.
5. Ngāwari o te horoi me te tiaki
Ko tētahi take e whiriwhiri ai te tangata i ngā papa tunu uku ko te ngāwari o te horoi. Nā te maeneene o te mata karāhe-uku ka māmā te muru i ngā turuturu kai. He maha ngā paru ka taea te tango mā te whakamahi i tētahi kakahu haukū me tētahi kai horoi karāhe-uku motuhake. Heoi anō, me āta whakahaere koe: me horoi tonu (me te āta hoki) te huka, te tirikara rānei i maringi, nā te mea ka whakapakeke, ka kino hoki te mata mēnā ka kore e rongoatia.
He uaua ake te horoi i ngā oumu koiri/pereti wera hiko, inā koa i ngā āputa i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, i ngā maturuturunga mārō rānei i raro i ngā koiri. Heoi, he ātete ake ēnei momo ki te rakuraku, ā, he iti ake te whakamahi i ngā kai horoi, mena he haumaru mō ngā wāhanga hiko.
6. Te haumaru o te whakamahinga
Mai i te tirohanga haumaru, me aro atu ki ngā momo oumu e rua nā te mea ka tino wera, ka taea hoki te tahu. Heoi, he maha ngā rerekētanga:
– He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia he tohu wera toenga ki ngā papa tunu uku (hei tauira, he rama "H"/wera) e tohu ana kei te wera tonu te mata ahakoa kua whakawetohia te oumu. Mā tēnei ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pā ohorere.
– Kei roto i ngā oumu hiko he huānga porowhita ka whero ina wera, kia māmā ai te kite ā-kanohi ina kā. Heoi anō, ka wera hoki te rohe e karapoti ana, ā, ka ngāwari te mura, te paowa rānei o ngā pata hinu mēnā ka taka ki runga i te huānga wera.
Mō ngā kāinga he tamariki nohinohi, he mea nui ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te raka tamariki, te whakaweto aunoa, me ngā tohu wera toenga, ā, he mea noa ake ēnei āhuatanga i ngā oumu uku o ēnei rā.
7. Te pakari, te mōrearea o te pakaru, me te roa o te mahi
E mōhiotia whānuitia ana ngā oumu koiri/pereti wera mō te ngāwari o te hanga. Mēnā ka pakaru te wāhanga whakamahana, ka ngāwari te whakakapi i ētahi tauira. Nā te hoahoa karāhe-uku hoki, ka ātete ake i ngā pānga mai i ngā mea pakeke.
He pai te āhua o ngā papa tunu uku, engari he ngawari ake te pakaru o ō rātou mata karāhe-uku mēnā ka taka ki raro i ngā mea taumaha, ka pāngia rānei e ngā pānga kaha (pērā i te takanga o te paraharaha). Tērā pea ka puta ngā karawarawa iti i roto i te wā, inā koa mēnā ka nekehia pinepinetia ki ngā paraharaha taratara. Nō reira, he nui te pānga o te whakamahinga me te tiaki ki te roa o te ora o te papa tunu uku.
8. Ngā Painga me ngā Huakore i roto i te Whakarāpopototanga
Okio hiko (koiri/pereti wera)
– Ngā Painga: he iti ake te utu, he hototahi ki ngā paraharaha maha, he māmā te hanganga, he ātete ki te pānga.
– Ngā huakore: kāore e ōrite te whakamahana, he uaua ake te horoi, kāore te whakahaere pāmahana i te tere pērā i te mea e tumanakohia ana, he āhua hou ake.
Ouma uku (karaehe-uku/hauora kanapa)
– Ngā Painga: he mata papatahi hou, he māmā ake te horoi, he ōrite te whakamahana, he maha ngā wā he āhuatanga haumaru anō kei roto.
– Ngā ngoikoretanga: he ngāwari te ngatata/te rakuraku o te mata, me whakamahi i tētahi paraharaha papatahi hei whakamahi pai, ā, he nui ake te utu i te nuinga o te wā.
9. Ko tēhea te mea e pai ake ana ki a koe?
Ko te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu kei runga i ō kaupapa matua. Mena kei te rapu koe i tētahi oumu whai hua, kaha, ā, he iti ake te utu, he pai ake te oumu koiri/pereti wera hei kōwhiringa haumaru mō ngā mahi tunu kai o ia rā pēnei i te parai, te kohua, me te parai noa.
Heoi, ki te mea he āhua ma te kīhini, he ngāwari te horoi, me te wheako tunu kai pumau ake me ngā āhuatanga haumaru hou, he mea tika kia whakaarohia he oumu uku. He pai ngā oumu uku mō te hunga e tunu kai pinepine ana i roto i te kīhini ma, iti hoki, ā, e hiahia ana ki tētahi oumu e ngāwari ana te tiaki.
Whakamutunga
Ka whakamahia te hiko hei pūtake wera mō ngā oumu hiko me ngā oumu uku, engari he rerekē te hoahoa, te mahi whakamahana, te tiaki, me te roa. He māmā ake, he iti ake te utu mō ngā oumu koiri/pereti wera hiko, engari he ngāwari te horoi, he āhua hou, he ōrite hoki te whakamahana o ngā oumu uku. Mā te whakaaro ki ō hiahia tunu kai, te momo taputapu tunu kai kei a koe, te kaha hiko o tō whare, me ngā manakohanga tiaki, ka taea e koe te whakatau i te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu mō tō kīhini.
