Oma Hiko Kiato mō te Wāhi Kihini Iti
He wero nui te iti o te wāhi kīhini, inā koa mō te hunga noho whare noho, ngā whare iti, ngā whare noho, ngā whānau rānei e noho ana i ngā whare iti te wāhi. Me āta whiriwhiri ngā taputapu kīhini mō te wāhi iti—ehara i te mea ko te mahi anake, engari ko te rahi, te haumaru, me te ngāwari o te whakanoho. Koinei te wāhi e whai wāhi mai ai ngā oumu hiko iti hei otinga hou: he iti, he whai hua, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia tunu kai o ia rā me te kore e nui te wāhi e nohoia ana.
He aha i whiriwhiri ai i tētahi oumu hiko mō tētahi kīhini iti?
He maha ngā painga o ngā oumu hiko e tika ana mō ngā kīhini iti. Tuatahi, he maha ngā tauira kua hangaia kia taea te kawe, kia taea ai te neke me te penapena i muri i te whakamahinga. He painga tēnei mēnā kei te hiahia koe ki te wātea i te wāhi i runga i te kaute kīhini mō ētahi atu mahi pēnei i te whakarite kai, te tapatapahi huawhenua, te tuku kai rānei.
Tuarua, kāore e hiahiatia he ipu hau mō ngā oumu hiko. Ki ētahi, nā te korenga o te ipu hau ka pai ake te āhua o te kīhini, ka nui ake te wāhi, ā, ka whakaitihia te āwangawanga mō ngā turuturu. Tuatoru, he māmā ake te horoi i ngā oumu hiko, inā koa ko ērā he karāhe maeneene (karaehe uku) he mata hiko rānei, e ārai ana i ngā paru kei piri ki ngā āputa.
Hoahoa Kiato: Ehara i te Rahi Iti noa iho
Ehara i te mea he iti noa te tikanga o te kupu "kiato". Ko ngā oumu hiko kiato e whakatairanga ana i te penapena wāhi mā roto i ētahi āhuatanga hoahoa, pēnei i:
1. Tinana angiangi, māmā hoki
He iti noa te matotoru o ngā oumu hiko kiato, he mama hoki, kia māmā ai te penapena ki runga i ngā whata, i ngā pouaka nui, i ngā kāpata rānei.
2. Tahora whai hua
Mō te momo mura takirua, ka whakarerekētia te tawhiti i waenga i ngā mura kia taea tonu te whakauru i ngā paraharaha iti-waenga e rua, me te kore e whānui rawa te taputapu.
3. Paewhiri whakahaere māmā
Mā ngā pātene hurihuri kiato, ngā mana pā rānei ka taea te penapena i te horahanga o te mata, ā, ka māmā ake te whakahaere.
4. Ngā taura me ngā wāhi rokiroki kua ātaahua ake
Ko ētahi hua he āhuatanga rīra taura, he hoahoa taura rānei kāore e roa rawa kia kore ai e whakararuraru i te wāhi mahi.
Mā tēnei hoahoa ka taea te whakatakoto i te oumu ki te kokonga o te tēpu o te kīhini, ki runga i te tūrei o te kīhini, ki runga rānei i te tēpu kai ina tino whaiti te kīhini.
Ngā Momo Umu Hiko e Pai ana mō te Wāhi Iti
I mua i te hoko, he mea nui kia mārama koe ki ngā momo oumu hiko nā te mea he rerekē ngā āhuatanga o ia momo.
1. Umu Hiko Pūwero-whero
Ka whakamahia e ngā oumu infrared tētahi wāhanga whakamahana e tuku ana i te wera ki runga i te mata karāhe. Ko te painga, he hototahi tēnei momo ki ngā momo taputapu tunu kai maha (te maitai kore waikura, te uku, te karāhe ātete wera, me ētahi atu). Ka tere hoki te wera. Mō ngā kīhini iti, ko ngā oumu infrared kotahi-mura te mea e pai ana mō rātou nā te mea he iti te rahi me te ngāwari.
2. Umu Whakaoho
Ka whakamahana tika ngā oumu whakapūngao i ngā paraharaha mā roto i te āpure hikohiko. Kāore te mata o te oumu e wera pērā i te oumu whero-whero, ā, he pai ake te haumaru me te whai hua. Heoi, me hanga ngā oumu whakapūngao i ngā paraharaha i hangaia ki ngā rauemi aukume (pērā i ētahi momo rino, maitai kore waikura rānei). Mena kei te rite koe ki te whakarite i ō taputapu tunu kai, he pai te oumu whakapūngao kiato mō te kīhini iti nā te mea he tere, he ma, he penapena hiko hoki.
3. Ōumu Pereti Wera Hiko (Koiri)
He iti ake te utu, he māmā ake hoki tēnei momo. Heoi, he puhoi ake te whakamahana, ā, he uaua ake te horoi i ngā koiri i ngā mata karāhe. Heoi, mō ngā hiahia taketake i roto i ngā wāhi iti—pērā i te tunu nūru, te whakamahana kai, te hanga hupa rānei—he pono tonu te pereti wera kotahi-tahu.
Ngā Tohutohu mō te Kōwhiri i te Oumu Hiko Kiato Tika
Hei karo i te hoko hē, whakaarohia ngā āhuatanga nui e whai ake nei:
1. Rahi me te Tūnga
Tuatahi, inehia te wāhi e wātea ana i runga i tō papa tunu kai. Mō ngā kīhini iti, he pai te whakamahi i te oumu kotahi-mura. Mena ka tunu pinepine koe i ngā kai e rua i te wā kotahi, whakaarohia kia rua ngā oumu, engari kia mōhio kei reira tonu te wāhi hei whakarite i ngā kai.
Whakaarohia hoki ō tikanga: ka noho tonu te oumu ki runga i te kaute, ka rongoatia rānei i muri i te whakamahinga? Mena he maha ngā wā e rongoatia ana, whiriwhiria tētahi he mama, he ngāwari hoki te hapai.
2. Te Mana Hiko e Tika ana
He rerekē te kaha e whakamahia ana e ngā oumu hiko, mai i te 600 watts ki te 2000 watts, neke atu rānei. Me whakarite kia nui te kaha o tō whare, inā koa mēnā he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e koe ētahi atu taputapu pēnei i te oumu raihi, te ngaruiti, te ipu wai rānei. Mō ngā whare he iti te kaha, whiriwhiria he oumu me ngā tautuhinga kaha ka taea te whakarerekē (taumata kaha).
3. Ngā Āhuatanga Haumarutanga
I roto i tētahi kīhini iti, he mea nui te haumaru. Ko ngā āhuatanga hei whakaaroaro ko:
– Whakaweto aunoa (ka whakaweto aunoa ina wera rawa, ina kore rānei e whakamahia)
– Maukati tamariki mō ngā whare he tamariki nohinohi
– Te ātete ki te wera nui
– Tohu wera toenga (ina koa i runga i ētahi momo hiko whakapūngao/whero)
Mā ēnei āhuatanga ka whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā aituā, inā koa kei te taha tonu o te rūma whānau, o te rūma kai rānei te kīhini.
4. Ngāwari o te Horoi
He māmā ake te horoi i ngā mata karāhe maeneene ki te kakahu haukū i muri i te whakamatao. Mō ngā kīhini iti, he mea nui te ngāwari o te horoi, nā te mea ka tere te noho pōrearea o te wāhi. Kōwhiria he papa oumu he rauemi ātete-rakuraku, me ngā puku kāore e nui ngā kapiti.
5. Te Pūmautanga me te Hauātanga
Kia tino mōhio kei roto i te oumu ngā waewae kore-paheke hei ārai i te nekeneke haere i runga i te kaute, ina koa he iti te kaute o tō kīhini. Kia tūpato hoki ki te hauhautanga: me pai tonu te rere o te hau i roto i te oumu—nō reira kaua e pēhi rawa te tuara o te oumu ki te pakitara, ā, kaua hoki e aukati i ngā wāhi hauhautanga.
Ngā Rautaki mō te Whakarite i tētahi Kīhini Iti me tētahi Oumu Iti
Ka tino whai hua te oumu hiko iti ina honoa ki te tahora tika o te kīhini. Anei ētahi rautaki ka taea e koe te whakamahi:
– Whakamahia he taraka tunu kai hei "teihana tunu kai" tāpiri. I a koe e tunu ana, ka whakatakotoria te oumu ki runga i te taraka; ina oti, ka taea te neke te taraka, te whakapai rānei.
– Whakamahia ngā whata pakitara hei penapena i ngā mea kakara, i ngā spatula, me ngā taputapu iti kia mārama ai te tēpu.
– Kōwhiria ngā taputapu tunu kai ka taea te whakarārangi kia kore ai e noho nui ngā kohua me ngā paraharaha i roto i te kāpata.
– Whakamahia he papa tapahi takai, he papa tapahi rānei e taupoki ana i te totohu hei whakanui ake i te wāhi mahi me te kore e whakawhānui i te kīhini.
Nō reira, ehara i te mea he taputapu tunu kai noa iho te oumu iti, engari he wāhanga o tētahi pūnaha kīhini whai hua ake.
Te tiaki hei whakarite i te roa me te haumaru
Hei whakarite kia roa te ora o tō oumu hiko kiato, me mahi i ngā mahi tiaki māmā. Horoia te mata i muri i te whakamatao o te oumu, kaua e whakamahi i ngā hautai taratara ka taea te rakuraku, ā, kia pai te āhua o te mono me te taura. Ki te whakamahi koe i te oumu hiko whakapūmau, kia papatahi te turanga o te paraharaha kia pai ai te whakapā atu ki te wera, kia kore ai hoki e nui rawa te mahi a te oumu.
Hei tāpiri, whakamahia ngā putanga hiko kounga teitei, ā, karohia ngā hononga hiko iti iho i te paerewa. He maha ngā wā ka whakamatautauria tātou e ngā kīhini iti ki te whakamahi i ngā putanga maha i te wā kotahi, ahakoa me whai au hiko pumau ngā oumu hiko.
Te Katinga
He otinga whai hua te oumu hiko kiato mō te hunga he iti noa te wāhi o te kīhini engari e hiahia tonu ana ki te tunu kai mā te whakamarie. Mā te whiriwhiri i te momo e tika ana (whero-whero, hiko whakawera, pereti wera rānei), me te aro ki te whakapaunga hiko, ngā āhuatanga haumaru, me te ngāwari o te tiaki, ka taea e koe te hanga i tētahi kīhini iti whai hua, ātaahua hoki.
Hei whakamutunga, kāore e hiahiatia kia whānui tonu te kīhini whakamarie. Mēnā he taputapu tika, he hoahoa atamai hoki, ka taea e te wāhi iti te noho hei wāhi tunu kai whai hua, haumaru, me te ngahau. Mēnā kei te whakaaro koe ki te whakapai ake i ō taputapu kīhini, ko te oumu hiko iti tētahi o ngā haumitanga tino whai hua hei tautoko i te oranga hou me te whai hua.
