Oumu Hiko me te Oumu Hauhanga: Ko tēhea te mea whai hua ake?
Ahakoa te ngāwari o te whiriwhiri i tētahi oumu mō tō whare, he maha ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki tēnei: te utu, te wātea, te haumaru, tae atu ki te hototahi ki te momo noho. I waenganui i te piki haere o ngā taputapu kīhini hou, ko ngā kōwhiringa e rua e tino kitea ana ko ngā oumu hau me ngā oumu hiko. He rite tonu te pono o ēnei e rua mō te tunu kai o ia rā, engari he rerekē ngā āhuatanga. Nō reira, ki te mea ko te pātai "ko tēhea te mea whai hua ake?", ko te whakautu kei runga i ō hiahia, i ngā āhuatanga o te kāinga, me ngā tikanga tunu kai. Ka whakatauritehia e tēnei tuhinga ngā oumu hiko me ngā oumu hau mai i ngā tirohanga rerekē hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i te kōwhiringa tino whai hua.
1. Ngāwari o te Whakamahinga o ia Rā
Mō te whakamahinga, he tino pai ngā oumu hau i roto i ā rātou mana whakahaere "inamata" me te mōhio. Ka huri noa koe i te porowhita, ka mura te mura, ā, ka rongo tonu i te wera. He maha ngā tāngata kua roa e taunga ana ki te tunu kai me ngā oumu hau, nō reira he tino ngāwari te ako.
I taua wā, he pai ake te āhua o ngā oumu hiko, ā, he ine hoki te āhua. Mō ngā oumu hiko whakapūmau, oumu uku rānei, ka taea te whakahaere i te taumata wera mā te whakamahi i tētahi papa pā, i ētahi pātene rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakarite i ngā tautuhinga wera kia ōrite, kia tika hoki. Heoi, mō ētahi tāngata, he roa te wā e hiahiatia ana kia mōhio ki ngā papa matihiko me ngā tikanga tunu kai whakapūmau, inā koa he rerekē te urupare wera mai i te mura.
Ngā whakatau whai hua:
– Mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki tētahi mea māmā, mōhio hoki: he pai ake te āhua o ngā oumu hau.
– Mō te hunga e pai ana ki ngā tautuhinga tika me te āhua hou: he pai ake te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko.
2. Te Tere o te Tunu me te Urupare Wera
E mōhiotia ana ngā oumu hau mō tō rātou tere urupare: ina whakanuia te wera, ka piki tonu te wera; ina whakaitihia, ka heke tonu te wera. Nā tēnei ka pai ngā oumu hau mō ngā tikanga tunu kai e hiahia ana kia tere te whakahaere, pērā i te parai, te parai, te tunu kai rānei i runga i te wera nui.
Ka tere rawa atu hoki ngā oumu hiko—ina koa ngā oumu hiko whakapūngao. Inaa, he tere ake te kohua wai o ngā oumu hiko whakapūngao i ngā oumu hau nā te mea ka tukuna tika te wera ki te paraharaha. Heoi, i runga i ngā oumu hiko kore-whakapūngao, i ngā oumu hiko uku rānei, ka puhoi ake te urupare whakamahana nā te mea ka roa te wā e whakamahana ai, e whakamatao ai te wāhanga whakamahana.
Ngā whakatau whai hua:
– Whakaoho: he tere, he whai hua hoki, e kiia ana he tino whai hua.
– Hiko kore-whakaoho: kāore pea e tino whai hua nā te whakaroa o te wera.
– Hau: he pai rawa atu mō te whakahaere wera i te wā tonu.
3. Te Horoi me te Tiaki
Mō te horoi o te kīhini, he maha ngā wā ka tino pai ngā oumu hiko. Nā te papatahi o ngā mata (he karāhe te nuinga) ka māmā te horoi: ka murua noa ngā turuturu. Kāore he matapae, he tātari, he kapiti uaua rānei pērā i ngā oumu hau e taea ai te hopu hinu.
Ahakoa e taea tonu te horoi i ngā oumu hau, he nui ake te mahi e hiahiatia ana: me tango e koe ngā mata o te oumu, me horoi i waenganui i ngā mura, me te whakatika i ngā paru kua tahuna. Ina koa mēnā he maha āu tunu kai me ngā mata hinuhinu, ka nui ake te uaua o te tiaki i te oumu hau.
Whakatau whaihua: he whaihua ake ngā oumu hiko mō te horoi me te tiaki i ia rā.
4. Haumarutanga Kāinga
He mea nui te whakaaro ki te haumaru, inā koa he tamariki nohinohi, he kaumātua rānei kei roto i te whare. Ka pāngia ngā oumu hau e te turuturu hau, te mura ahi, me te pahūtanga pea mēnā kāore i te tika te tāutanga, te whakamahinga rānei. Ahakoa he maha ngā oumu hau hou kua rite ki ngā āhuatanga haumaru, kei te mau tonu ngā mōrearea taketake o te whakamahi hau.
He haumaru ake ngā oumu hiko nā te mea kāore he mura, kāore hoki he puoto hau. Kāore ngā oumu whakawera e whakamahana tika i te mata pērā i ngā oumu hiko noa; ko te wera tuatahi ka puta i roto i te paraharaha. Heoi anō, kei reira tonu ngā tūponotanga mōrearea: ka wera te mata, ka pakaru ngā waea, ā, ka tūpono te hiko kaha ki te pakaru i ngā ara iahiko poto mēnā kāore i te pai te tāutanga.
Whakatau whaihua: mō te nuinga o ngā kāinga, he pai ake te whaihua me te haumaru ake o ngā oumu hiko (ina koa ko ngā oumu hiko whakapūmau), mena he pai te tāutanga hiko.
5. Ngā Utu Whakahaere: Ko tēhea te mea e Ohanga Ake Ana?
Mō te utu, ka rerekē pea te whakataurite i runga i ngā utu hiko, ngā utu LPG, me te momo oumu hiko e whakamahia ana. Ka whakamahia e ngā oumu hau te LPG, he utu pumau i ētahi wāhi, ā, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i ō whakapaunga mā te hoko i ngā rango e hiahiatia ana.
Ka whakawhirinaki ngā oumu hiko ki te kaha e pau ana te hiko me te utu mō ia kWh. He pai ake te whai hua o ngā oumu hiko whakapūngao i ngā oumu hiko noa nā te mea he nui ake te kaha e pau ana i te paraharaha, kaua e ngaro ki te hau. Heoi, ki te nui ngā utu hiko, ā, he maha ngā wā ka tunua e koe he nui ngā wāhanga, ka piki ake pea tō pire.
He mea nui anō hoki: he nui te hiko e hiahiatia ana mō ētahi oumu hiko (hei tauira, 1.000–2.000 watts, neke atu rānei). Mena he iti te hiko e pau ana i tō whare, me whakapai ake pea koe—ka piki ake pea te utu, ka whakaiti hoki i te "whakangawari" tuatahi.
Ngā whakatau whai hua:
– Mena he pumau te hiko i roto i tō whare, ā, kei te whakamahi koe i te hiko whakapūmau: he tino whai hua pea.
– Mena he iti te hiko, he nui rānei ngā utu: he maha ngā wā ka whai hua ake, ka ohanga ake hoki ngā oumu hau.
6. Te Wātea o te Pūngao me ngā Āhuatanga o te Kāinga
Ko te tikanga hoki o te "whaihua" ko te kore e whakararuraru i roto i tētahi āhuatanga ohorere. Ina mate te hiko, kāore e taea te whakamahi i te oumu hiko, engari ka taea tonu te whakamahi i te oumu hau. I ngā wāhi e maha ana te motuhanga hiko, he mārama ake he whaihua ake te oumu hau.
I tētahi atu taha, i roto i ngā whare, i ngā whare noho rānei e rāhuitia ana te whakamahinga hau nā runga i ngā take haumaru me ngā ture hanga whare, ko te oumu hiko te kōwhiringa tino whai hua, ki te kore ko ia anake.
Mena kei te noho koe i tētahi wāhi e uaua ana te uru atu ki te LPG, e kore rānei e maeneene te tohatoha, he pai ake te whakamahi i te oumu hiko nā te mea ka whakawhirinaki anake ki te hiko.
Whakatau whaihua: he mea tino nui ngā āhuatanga taiao, kāore he whakautu kotahi.
7. Hototahi ki ngā Utauta Tunu Kai
Ko ngā oumu hau he mea hototahi ki ngā momo kohua me ngā paraharaha katoa: te maitai kore waikura, te konumohe, te rino maka, tae atu ki ngā mea he angiangi te raro.
He whakaritenga kei ngā papa tunu kai whakapūkara: me aukume ngā paraharaha (hei tauira, te rino, ētahi maitai kore waikura rānei). Mena kāore ō paraharaha e hototahi, me hoko e koe he huinga hou—ka whakaitihia te whaihua mō ētahi kaiwhakamahi. Ko ngā papa tunu kai kore-whakapūkara he ngāwari ake te nuinga, engari kāore tōna whai huatanga i te pai ki te whakapūkara.
Whakatau whaihua: he whaihua ake ngā oumu hau ina tae mai ki te hototahi ki ngā taputapu tunu kai.
8. Ngā Wheako Tunu Kai me ngā Manakohanga
He tokomaha te hunga e pai ana ki te "ahua" o te tunu kai i runga i te ahi: he māmā ake te whakahaere i ngā tikanga pēnei i te wok hei (te kakara motuhake o ngā parai wera nui), te tunu i te mata o te kai, te tunu rānei i te wera iti. Mō te hunga e tunu pinepine ana i ngā kai Āhia e hiahia ana ki te wera nui, he maha ngā wā ka pai ake te whakamahi i te oumu hau, ā, he pai ake hoki te āhua.
He tino pai ngā oumu hiko mō te tunu kai e hiahia ana ki te pāmahana pumau, pērā i te kohua, te whakamahana, te tunu hupa rānei mō te wā roa. Ka taea te pumau ake te pāmahana, ā, he iti ake te wera o te kīhini i te hau.
Nā, ko tēhea te mea whai hua ake?
Ko te whakautu pono rawa atu: he pai ake ngā oumu hiko mō te horoi, te haumaru, me te āhua hou, ko ngā oumu hau ia he pai ake mō te ngāwari, te hototahi ki ngā taputapu tunu kai, ā, ka taea tonu te whakamahi i te wā e motu ana te hiko.
Hei āwhina i a koe, anei tētahi aratohu poto mō te whiriwhiri:
He pai ake te whakamahi i ngā oumu hiko (ina koa ko ngā oumu hiko whakawera) mēnā:
1. Noho i roto i tētahi whare noho, i tētahi whare rānei e pai ake ana, kāore he puoto hau.
2. Whakaritea he kīhini ma, he ngāwari hoki ki te horoi.
3. E hiahia ana kia tere, kia whai hua hoki te tunu kai (ina koa mō te kohua me te tunu kai o ia rā).
4. Kia rawaka te hiko, kia haumaru hoki te tāutanga hiko.
He nui ake te whai hua o ngā oumu hau mēnā:
1. Te noho i tētahi rohe e motu pinepine ana te hiko.
2. He maha ngā wā tunu kai mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga wera nui (parai tere, parai hōhonu, woka).
3. Kāore e hiahia ki te whakawhiti paraharaha, ā, e hiahia ana kia hototahi katoa.
4. He pai ake te whakahaere ahi ā-ringa e arotau ana.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te oumu tino whai hua ko te mea e tino pai ana ki ngā āhuatanga me ngā tikanga tunu kai o tō whare. Mena he māmā noa iho tāu tunu kai, he mea nui te horoi, ā, he hiko pono tōu, ko te oumu hiko pea te whiringa pai rawa atu. Heoi, ki te hiahia koe ki te ngāwari ake, ki te tunu kai me ngā momo taputapu, ā, e hiahia ana koe ki te tunu kai i ngā wā katoa, ahakoa ka mate te hiko, he whiringa pono tonu te oumu hau.
Ki te hiahia koe, tohua mai: te hiko o tō whare, te momo kāinga noho (whare/ā-whare noho), me ngā tahua kai e tunua pinepine ana e koe—ka taea e au te tūtohu i te momo oumu tino whai hua mō ō hiahia.
