He Aratohu mō te Whakahaere i ngā Take Āwhati i roto i te Nēhi
Pendahuluan
Ko te āhuatanga ohorere nēhi he āhuatanga e pāngia ai te tūroro e tētahi āhuatanga tino kino e hiahia ana kia tere te wawaotanga hauora hei ārai i te kino haere, te mate rānei. Ka taea ēnei āhuatanga ohorere te puta i ngā wā katoa, i ngā wāhi katoa, ahakoa i roto i te hōhipera , i te whare hauora, i te wāhi mahi, i te kāinga rānei. Nō reira, me whai pūkenga me te mōhiotanga tika ngā nēhi hei whakarato i te maimoatanga tika me te tere. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā aratohu mō te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga ohorere nēhi, tae atu ki tētahi whakataki ki ngā momo āhuatanga ohorere, ngā mahi maimoatanga, me ngā pūkenga e tika ana.
Ngā Momo Āhuatanga Ohorere i roto i te Nēhi
He maha ngā āhuatanga ohorere ka pā mai ki ngā nēhi. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:
1. Ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere o te Ngākau: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā whakaeke ngakau, te ngoikore o te ngakau, me ngā arrhythmias e hiahia ana kia wawaotia tonutia.
2. Ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere Manawa: Hei tauira, ko te huango whakapeka, te niumōnia kino, te embolism pūkahukahu, me te ngoikore o te manawa.
3. Ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere ā-Rau: Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā whiu, ngā haurangi, me ngā whara nui o te mahunga.
4. Ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere o te Puku: Ko ētahi tauira ko te toto o te puku, te peritonitis, me te aukati i te puku.
5. Ngā Āhuatanga Whawhati Tata: Ngā whara tinana kino pēnei i te whati wheua, te wera nui, me ngā whara o roto.
6. Ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere Pūnaha: Te huka toto nui, te ketoacidosis mate huka, me ngā raruraru electrolyte.
7. Ngā Āhuatanga Mate Hinengaro: Tae atu ki te ohorere nui, ngā ngana whakamomori, me te hinengaro pōuri nui.
Ngā Hipanga Whakahaere Āhuatanga Ohotata
Ko te whakahaere ohorere i roto i te mahi nēhi he maha ngā mahi matua me whakatinana wawe me te whai hua:
1. Aromatawai Tuatahi
He mea tino nui te aromatawai tuatahi hei whakatau i ngā mahi e whai ake nei. Kei roto i tēnei aromatawai:
– Whakamātautau Ara Āhua: Me whakarite kia tuwhera te ara manawa o te tūroro, ā, kia kore he ārai.
– Whakamātautau Manawa: Aromātaihia ngā tauira manawa, te auau o te manawa, te hohonu o te manawa, me ngā tohu o te uaua o te manawa.
– Tirotiro i te Tohanga o te Rere: Tirohia te manawa, te toto totoka, te tae kiri, me ngā tohu o te ohorere.
– Hauātanga: Aromatawai i te tūnga io mā te whakamahi i te Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) hei whakatau i te taumata o te māramatanga.
– Te Whakamārama: Te tirotiro i te tinana o te tūroro mō ngā tohu whara, ngā mate hauora rānei.
2. Te Whakapūmau i te Tūroro
I muri i te aromatawai tuatahi, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakaū i te āhua o te tūroro. Tērā pea ko ēnei:
– Whakaratohia he hāora tāpiri, he hauhautanga ā-ringa rānei mēnā e tika ana.
– Te whakauru i tētahi aho ā-uaua (IV) hei hoatu wai, rongoā rānei.
– Whakamutua te toto e tere ana mā te whakamahi i te pēhi, i te toriniketi rānei mēnā e tika ana.
– Te whakahaere i ngā haurangi mā te whakamahi i ngā rongoā ārai-haurangi.
3. Te Wawaotanga Hauora Matatau
I runga i te aromatawai tuatahi me te whakatau i te tūponotanga, me mahi pea e te nēhi ētahi atu wawaotanga hauora. Kei roto i ēnei ko:
– Te Whakahaere i te Ngākau me te Ngākau: Te hoatu rongoā hei whakahaere i te toto totoka, te tere o te ngakau, te rongoā rānei i ngā arrhythmias.
– Te Whakahaere Manawa: Te whakamahi i ngā taputapu manawa pēnei i te CPAP, BiPAP rānei, tae atu ki te whakatō ngongo me te whakapūngao manawa.
– Whakahaere Pūnaha Io: Te whakahaere i ngā rongoā ārai-haurangi, te whakahaere i te pēhanga o roto o te angaanga, te whakarato rānei i te rongoā whakaheke toto mō te whiu.
– Te Whakahaere i te Puku: Te hoatu i ngā rongoā ārai ruaki, ngā rongoā whakaheke toto, te pokanga ohorere rānei.
– Te Whakahaere Whara: Te whakau i te wheua mā te whakamahi i ngā whitiki whakapiri, te rongoā i te weranga ki ngā takai motuhake, te pokanga rānei mēnā e tika ana.
4. Aroturuki me te Aromatawai Anō
He mea nui te aroturuki tonu kia angitu ai ngā wawaotanga tōmua. Tērā pea ka uru atu ki tēnei:
– Te aro turuki i ngā tohu ora pēnei i te toto totoka, te tere o te manawa, te tere o te manawa, me te mākū o te hāora.
– Te aro turuki i te putanga mimi hei aromatawai i te mahi a te whatukuhu.
– Arotakehia anō te tūnga o te pūnaha io mā te whakamahi i te tauine GCS, i tētahi atu aromatawai rānei.
– Te aroturuki i ngā tohu o ngā raruraru pēnei i te mate pāwera, te toto totoka, te ngoikore rānei o te mahi a ngā okana.
5. Te Tuhituhi me te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero
He mea nui te tuhi tika me te taipitopito i roto i te tiaki ohorere. Me tuhi marie ngā kitenga katoa, ngā wawaotanga, me ngā urupare a te tūroro. He mea nui hoki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whai hua me ētahi atu tīma hauora kia pai ai te tiaki.
6. Mātauranga me te Tautoko mō ngā Tūroro me ngā Whānau
Hei whakamutunga, he mea nui te mātauranga me te tautoko hinengaro mō te tūroro me tōna whānau. Whakamāramahia te āhua hauora o te tūroro, ngā mahi i mahia, me ngā mahi tiaki e whai ake nei. Hoatu he tautoko kare ā-roto , ā, kia noho wātea ki te whakautu i ā rātou pātai.
Ngā Pūkenga e Hiahiatia ana mō te Whakahaere i ngā Āhuatanga Ohorere
Hei whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga ohorere, me whai pūkenga ngā nēhi, tae atu ki:
Ngā Pūkenga Hauora
1. Mātauranga Hauora Whānui: Kia mārama ki ngā momo āhuatanga hauora me ngā raruraru ka pā mai.
2. Ngā Pūkenga Anamnesis me te Whakamātautau Tinana: Ka taea te aromatawai tere, hōhonu, me te tika.
3. Ngā Pūkenga IV me te Rongoā: Ka taea te whakarite me te tuku rongoā i roto i te wā poto me te whai hua.
4. Ngā Pūkenga Whakahauora me te Whakaoraora: Ka taea te mahi CPR, te whakatō ngongo, me te whakamahi i te defibrillator.
Ngā Pūkenga Kore-Haumanu
1. Ngā Pūkenga Kōrero: Ka taea te whakamārama mārama i te āhuatanga ki ngā tūroro, ki ngā whānau, me te tīma hauora.
2. Ngā Pūkenga Whakahaere Taumahatanga: Ka taea te noho marino, te arotahi, me te whai hua i raro i te pēhanga.
3. Ngā Pūkenga Mahi Ngātahi: Ka taea te mahi tahi me ētahi atu mema o te tīma hauora ki te whakarato i te tiaki kua whakaritea.
4. Ngā Pūkenga Tuhituhi: Ka taea te hanga tuhinga hauora tika, taipitopito hoki.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakahaere i ngā take ohorere i roto i te mahi nēhi me whai taumata teitei o te mātauranga, ngā pūkenga, me te rite hinengaro. Me taea e ngā nēhi te whakahaere i tētahi aromatawai tuatahi tere, te whakatau i te tūroro, te mahi i ngā wawaotanga hauora anō, me te aroturuki tonu i te āhua o te tūroro. Hei tāpiri, he mea nui ngā tuhinga tika me te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whai hua hei whakarite i te tiaki pai rawa atu. Mā ngā pūkenga me ngā mātauranga tika, ka taea e ngā nēhi te whakarato tiaki whai hua me te whai hua i roto i ngā āhuatanga ohorere.
