Ngā Hipanga mō te Maimoatanga i te Pneumonia i roto i ngā Kararehe
Ko te niumōnia he mumura o ngā pukahukahu ka pā ki ngā momo kararehe, mai i ngā kararehe (kau, koati, hipi, poaka) ki ngā mōkai (kurī, ngeru, rāpeti), tae atu ki ngā heihei. Kaua tēnei mate e tangohia noatia nā te mea ka taea te whakaiti i te mahi, te aukati i te tipu, te whakaoho i ngā raruraru nui, ā, ka mate pea mēnā ka whakaroahia te maimoatanga. Ko te rongoā i te niumōnia i roto i ngā kararehe me mahi tere, tika, me te whai kiko, tae atu ki ngā mahi ārai hei ārai i te hokinga mai, te horapa rānei ki ētahi atu kararehe. Ko ngā mahi e whai ake nei hei rongoā i te niumōnia i roto i ngā kararehe ka taea te whakamahi hei aratohu whānui, me te whakatūpato ko te tirotiro kararehe tonu te tohutoro matua.
1. Kia Mārama ki ngā Take me ngā Take Mōrearea
Ka tīmata te maimoatanga whai hua mā te mārama ki ngā pūtake o te niumōnia. I roto i te ao kararehe, ka puta te niumōnia i:
– Ngā mate kitakita, hei tauira ko te Pasteurella, te Streptococcus, te Mycoplasma rānei i roto i ētahi momo.
– Ngā mate huaketo, e ngoikore ai te pūnaha manawa, ā, ka ara ake ai ngā mate kitakita tuarua.
– He harore (kāore i te tino kitea), inā koa i ngā āhuatanga ngoikore o te ārai mate.
– Ko te mimiti, arā, te urunga o ngā wai, te kai, te ruaki rānei ki roto i te ara manawa, he mea noa i roto i ngā kararehe e koriri ana, i muri rānei i te hoatutanga kaha o te kai/wai ki a rātou.
– Te taiao kino, pērā i ngā whare manu makuku, te iti o te hauhautanga, te nui o te haukini, te puehu, me ngā huringa nui o te pāmahana.
Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga nui mōrearea ko te ahotea (te kawe waka, te kīkī rawa), te kore kai pai, te kore o te colostrum i roto i ngā kararehe taitamariki, me ētahi atu mate e ngoikore ai te pūnaha ārai mate.
2. Kia Mōhio ki ngā Tohu Tūatahi o te Pneumonia
He mea nui te kitenga wawe mō te maimoatanga angitu. Ka rerekē pea ngā tohu o te niumōnia i roto i ngā kararehe, engari ko ētahi tohu noa ko:
– Te tere o te manawa, te haunga rānei
– Maremare (maroke, he rewharewha rānei)
– He ihu pupuhi, he hūpē matotoru i ētahi wā
– Te tangi o te manawa (wheezing, grok-grok)
- Kirika
– Te hekenga o te hiahia kai, te ngenge
– Te whakahekenga taumaha
– I ngā wā tino kino: he kikorangi ngā kapia/arero (he tohu o te korenga o te hāora)
I roto i ngā manu, ko ngā tohu ka uru atu ki te ngongoro, te tihe, te rere o te ihu, te takoto kau o ngā parirau, me te hekenga o te whakaputanga hua.
Ki te puta mai ēnei tohu, inā koa ka haere tahi me te kirika, te uaua rānei ki te manawa, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te noho motuhake me te whakamātautau anō.
3. Te Wehenga me te Whakahaere Taiao
Nā te mea he mate hopuhopu te niumōnia (ina koa ka puta mai i ngā huaketo), me wehe tonu ngā kararehe mate i te rōpū. Mā te wehe motuhake ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te horapa, ā, ka taea te aroturuki kaha ake.
Haunga te noho motuhake, whakapai ake i te taiao mā te:
– Whakanuia te hauhautanga me te kore e whakamatao i te kararehe
– Ka whakaiti i te makuku me te waipuke
– Horoia te whare herehere i te puehu me te paru
– Ka whakaiti i ngā taumata haukini (ina koa i roto i ngā heihei me ngā poaka)
– Whakaratohia he moenga mō te whare herehere maroke, ma hoki
– Ārai i ngā huringa ohorere o te pāmahana
Mō ngā kararehe iti (kurī/ngeru), kia mahana te rūma, kia kore he auahi, kia iti hoki te ahotea.
4. Te Whakamātautau me te Tātaritanga Kararehe
Kāore e taea te tautuhi i te niumōnia i runga i ngā tohumate anake. Ko te tikanga, ka whakahaerehia e ngā tākuta kararehe ēnei whakamātautau e whai ake nei:
– Te whakamātautau tinana me te whakarongo ki ngā oro o ngā pukahukahu
– Te ine i te pāmahana me ngā āhuatanga wai
– Ngā whakamātautau toto mēnā e tika ana
– He hihi-X o te uma (he mea noa i roto i ngā kurī/ngeru)
– Te whakamātautau taiwhanga o te hūpē/ngā hinu hei tautuhi i te pūtake
– I roto i ngā kararehe: aromatawai i ngā kahui, hītori whāngai, ngā āhuatanga o te whare, me ngā tauira o te puta mai
He mea nui te tautuhi tika hei whakatau i te rongoā tika, inā koa i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā paturopi me ētahi atu tautoko.
5. Te Whakaora Rongoā: Ngā Paturopi, Ngā Rongoā Ārai-Mumura, me Ngā Tautoko
He maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana he huinga rongoā hei rongoā mō te niumōnia, engari me whiriwhiri te tākuta kararehe i runga i te taunakitanga a te rata kararehe . I te nuinga o te wā:
a. Ngā rongoā paturopi (mēnā kei te whakapaetia he huakita)
Ka whakamahia ngā paturopi hei patu i ngā huakita e puta ai, e ārai ai rānei i ngā mate tuarua. Heoi anō, me tūpato te whakamahinga o ngā paturopi nā te mea kei te tūpono te ātete. Ko te tikanga ka whakatauhia e ngā tākuta te momo me te roa o te rongoā i runga i te momo, te taumaha o te tinana, me te kaha.
b. He rongoā ārai-mumura me te whakaiti kirika
Ka taea e ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal te āwhina ki te whakaiti i te mumura o ngā pukahukahu me te whakaheke i te kirika, kia pai ake ai te kararehe, kia hiahia ai hoki ki te kai.
c. Ngā rongoā whakawhanui i te manawa, ngā rongoā mucolytic rānei (mēnā e tika ana)
I ētahi wā, ka hoatu pea he rongoā hei whakawhānui i ngā ara manawa, hei whakangawari rānei i te hūpē hei whakangāwari i te manawa.
d. Te rongoā wai me te electrolyte
He maha ngā wā ka matewai ngā kararehe e pangia ana e te niumōnia nā te kirika me te kore wai. Mā ngā wai (ā-waha, ā-uaua rānei) ka āwhina i te whakaora.
He kōrero nui: mō ngā kararehe, kia aro tonu ki te wā tangohanga o te rongoā mō te mīti, te miraka, ngā hua manu rānei kia noho haumaru ai te kai.
6. Tautoko Kai me te Tiaki i ia Rā
Kāore e tino pai te rongoā mēnā kāore he tautoko kai me te manaaki. Ko ngā mahi ka taea te mahi ko:
– Whakarato kai kounga teitei, ngāwari hoki te nakunaku
– Whakaratohia he wai mā i ngā wā katoa
– Whāngaihia i ngā wāhanga iti engari kia maha tonu mēnā ka heke te hiahia kai
– Kia mahana, kia maroke hoki ngā kararehe
– Whakaitihia ngā mahi uaua kia kore ai e kino haere te manawa poto.
Mō ngā mōkai, ka taea e ngā rangatira te āwhina mā te pupuri i ō rātou ihu kia ma, te aroturuki i ngā tauira manawa, me te whai i ngā kaupapa rongoā.
7. Te Aroturuki i ngā Whanaketanga me ngā Tohu Tūpono
He mea nui te aroturuki i ia rā kia pai ai te haere o te rongoā. Kia mōhio mai:
– Te tere o te manawa (kei te pai ake, kei te tere ake rānei)
– Te pāmahana tinana (ka heke te kirika, ka mau tonu rānei)
– Te hiahia ki te kai me te inu
– Te mare me te hūpē (kua iti, kua kino rānei)
– Taumata mahi
Ko ngā tohu mōrearea e hiahia ana kia āwhina wawetia e te rata kararehe ko: te poto haere o te manawa o te kararehe, te hemo o te ngākau, te kore e kai, te kikorangi o ngā kapia, te kirika nui rānei e kore e heke ahakoa kua rongoatia.
8. Te Ārai i te Hokinga Mai me te Horapa
Kia ora ake te kararehe, me whakatinana ngā mahi ārai hei ārai i te hokinga mai o te niumōnia:
– Ngā werohanga kia rite ki ngā taunakitanga mō ngā momo motuhake (hei tauira, ngā mate manawa o ngā manu, o ngā kurī rānei)
– Te whakahaere pai i te whare herehere: te ma, te hauhautanga, te kiato tino pai
– Tātarihia ngā kararehe hou i mua i te whakauru atu ki te rōpū
– Whakaitihia te ahotea o te kawe waka mā te okioki me te whakahaere pai
– Me whakarite kia nui te colostrum (i roto i ngā kararehe ruminant) e whiwhi ana ngā kararehe taitamariki
– He kaupapa whāngai taurite hei pupuri i te ārai mate
He haumitanga nui te ārai i te niumōnia nā te mea ka taea e ngā pāmu te mate nui i te taha ōhanga me te utu nui mō ngā mōkai.
9. Mātauranga me te Tuhi Take
Mō ngā kaiwhakatupu kararehe me ngā kaipupuri kararehe, mā te pupuri i ngā tuhinga ngāwari ka āwhina i te aromatawai, tae atu ki te wā i puta ai ngā tohu, ngā rongoā i tukuna, te urupare ki te rongoā, me ngā āhuatanga o te whare noho o nāianei. Mā te tuhi ka taea e ngā rata kararehe te tautuhi i ngā tauira me te whakawhanake i ngā rautaki ārai.
He mea nui anō hoki te mātauranga mō ngā kaimahi whare herehere, mō ngā mema whānau rānei, kia mārama ai ngā rōpū katoa ki te mōhio ki ngā tohu tōmua, te tikanga tika mō te noho motuhake, me te hiranga o te akuaku me te haumarutanga koiora.
Whakamutunga
He mate kino te niumōnia i roto i ngā kararehe e hiahia ana kia tere te rongoā, kia whānui hoki. Ko ngā mahi matua ko te kite wawe i ngā tohu, te wehe i ngā kararehe mate , te whakapai ake i te taiao, te tirotiro kararehe mō te tautuhi mate, te rongoā tika, te tautoko kai, me te aroturuki kaha. I muri i te whakaoranga, ko te ārai mā te whakahaere pumau, te werohanga, te karantini, me te whakapakari i te ārai mate te mea nui hei ārai i te hokinga mai, te horapa rānei o te mate. Mā te huarahi tika, ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whakaoranga, ā, ka taea te whakaiti i te pānga o ngā mate.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te whakarite i tēnei tuhinga kia tika mō tētahi momo kararehe (hei tauira, kau, koati, heihei, kurī, ngeru rānei) me te tāpiri atu i ngā tauira taipitopito o ngā tikanga aroturuki o ia rā.
