Aratau Ruku Kāmera Mamati
Kei te piki haere te rongonui o te whakaahua i raro i te wai me te pikinga ake o te hiahia ki te tūruhi moana, te ruku wai, me te ruku wai. I mua, he rite tonu te whakaahua i raro i te wai ki ngā taputapu utu nui me te uaua. Ināianei, he maha ngā kāmera matihiko—ahakoa he kāmera kiato, he kāmera mahi, he kāmera kore whakaata, he waea pūkoro rānei he anga ā-wai—e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga motuhake e māmā ake ai te hopu whakaahua i roto i ngā taiao wai. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga e kōrerohia ana ko te Aratau Ruku (Aratau Ruku Wai). Kua hangaia tēnei aratau hei aro atu ki ngā wero ahurei o te hurihanga nui o te mārama, te tae, me te rerekētanga i raro i te wai. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga he aha te Aratau Ruku, me pēhea te mahi, te wā hei whakamahi, me ngā tohutohu mō ngā whakaahua me ngā ataata i raro i te wai he koi ake, he āhua tūturu ake.
He aha i rerekē ai te pupuhi i raro i te wai?
Ehara te wai i te "hau mākū" anake. He āhuatanga whatu motuhake tōna e pā tika ana ki te kounga o te ahua. Ko te raruraru nui ko te mimiti tae. Ka hohonu ake tō ruku, ka nui ake te mārama e ngaro ana. Ko ngā whero te mea tere rawa te ngaro, ā, muri iho ko te karaka me te kōwhai, ko te kikorangi me te kakariki ia ka roa ake te noho. Koia te take he kikorangi, he kakariki rānei ngā whakaahua o raro i te wai, ā, he kiri mā, he makariri rānei te kiri o te tangata.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka whakanui ake hoki te wai i te marara o te mārama. Ka whakaatahia te mārama e ngā matūriki iti (te plankton, te onepu pai, te paru) ā, ka taea te hanga i te pānga "kohu" me te ira mā, inā koa ka whakamahia he uira. Ko ētahi atu wero ko te iti o te rerekētanga, te uaua ake o te arotahi nā te neke o ngā kaupapa me te iti o te tirohanga pai, me te iti o te mārama i ētahi hohonutanga. Me whai maimoatanga kāmera motuhake tēnei huinga o ngā āhuatanga hei ārai i ngā kiriata mārama, pouri, kikorangi rānei.
He aha te Aratau Ruku?
Ko te Aratau Ruku he tautuhinga whakaahua kua whakaritea i runga i te kāmera matihiko e arotau ana i ētahi tautuhinga mō ngā āhuatanga o raro i te wai. He rerekē tōna ingoa me tōna whakatinanatanga, tae atu ki te "Underwater," "Dive," "Aqua," "Snorkeling" rānei. Heoi, he rite tonu tōna kaupapa: hei āwhina i te kāmera ki te whakaputa whakaahua me ngā ataata pai ake mā te whakarerekē aunoa i te tae, te whakaaturanga, te arotahi, me te tukatuka haruru i ētahi wā.
I ētahi kāmera, ka pā te Aratau Ruku ki te taurite mā me te oro, ka hua ake he hua mahana ake. I ētahi atu, ka pā anō hoki ki ngā tikanga ine, te tere kati iti rawa, te rerekētanga, te mākū, tae noa ki te whakamahinga o te uira. I ngā kāmera mahi me ngā waea pūkoro, ka honoa pinepinetia te Aratau Ruku me ngā rauropi rorohiko hei whakaiti i ngā whakaahua kikorangi me te whakarei ake i ngā taipitopito.
Te Mahi a te Aratau Ruku i runga i ngā Kāmera Mamati
Ko ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei ka whakarerekētia i te nuinga o te wā ina whakahohehia te Aratau Ruku:
1. Taurite Mā mō raro i te wai
Ko te taurite mā (WB) te mea nui. Ko te aratau ruku ka neke i te WB ki ngā tae mahana ake (whero/magenta e piki haere ana) hei whakakapi i te ngaronga o te whero i roto i te whānuitanga. Ki te kore, ka puta te kikorangi o ngā whakaahua. Kei ētahi kāmera ngā kōwhiringa hohonu (hei tauira, "Pūpaku," "Hohonu"), ngā momo wai rānei (wai māori/wai tote) e whakarato ana i ngā whakakapinga rerekē.
2. Whakapai ake i te Tae me te Rerekētanga
Haunga te WB, ka whakanuia e tēnei aratau te mākū me te rerekētanga kia "pūataata" ake ai te kaupapa. Mā te wai ka āhua papatahi ngā mea katoa; mā te whakanui ake i te rerekētanga ka whakanuia te āhua o te korara, te ika, te kakano o te onepu rānei.
3. Te Arotautanga o te Whakaaturanga
I raro i te wai, ka iti haere te mārama, ā, he maha ngā wā ka kore e ōrite. Ka taea e te aratau ruku te whakanui ake i te ISO, te whakataurite rānei i te huinga whakatuwheratanga-kati kia mārama ai te ahua. Ka karohia hoki e ētahi kāmera ngā tere kati puhoi rawa hei whakaiti i te pōuriuri i puta mai i te nekehanga ruku, i ngā ia rānei.
4. Te Whakatikatika Arotahi
Ka raru pea te arotahi aunoa i ētahi wā nā te iti o te rerekētanga me ngā matūriki i roto i te wai. Ka taea e te aratau ruku te whiriwhiri i tētahi tauira arotahi motuhake, te whakanui rānei i te āwhina arotahi (pēnei i te AF tonu) hei aroturuki i ngā kaupapa e neke ana pērā i te ika.
5. Te Whakamahinga o te Ārai i te Marara me te Whakamuri
Ka whakawhāitihia e ētahi kāmera raro wai te whakamahinga o te uira, ka whakatauritea rānei kia kore ai e nui rawa te marara o muri. Heoi, ka taea tonu e ngā kāmera iti te whakamahi i te uira ahakoa kei te tata te kaupapa. Mō ngā hua pai rawa atu, ka whakamahia e ngā kairuku nui he rama ataata, he rama o waho rānei, e tū ana ki te taha.
Āhea koe me whakamahi i te Aratau Ruku?
Ka tino whai hua te Aratau Ruku i raro i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
1. He hohonutanga pāpaku ki te hohonutanga waenga (tata ki te 1–15 mita) ina ruku ana, ina ruku noa rānei, ina nui tonu te māramatanga engari kua tīmata te memeha haere o ngā tae.
2. Te tango whakaahua me te kore he rama o waho, nā te mea ka āwhina tēnei aratau ki te whakahoki mai i ngā tae mā te mamati.
3. He tere te tuhi tuhinga ina kore koe e hiahia ki te whakatakoto i te pukapuka ā-ringa (WB, ISO, kati) ki te wai hihiri.
Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi wā kāore i te pai te Aratau Ruku. Mena kei te whakamahi koe i tētahi rama ataata kaha, i tētahi rama rānei, he pai ake pea te whakamahi i tētahi rama WB e tika ana mō te rama, te tango whakaahua rānei i roto i te RAW kia nui ake ai te ngāwari o te whakatikatika tae. Ka taea e te Aratau Ruku te whakawerawera rawa, te whakamātao rawa rānei i ngā tae mena kua kitea kētia te mārama horihori.
Aratau Ruku me ngā Tautuhinga Ā-ringa: Ko tēhea te mea pai ake?
He tino pai te Aratau Ruku nā te mea he whai hua, he tere hoki. Mō ngā kaiwhakamahi noa, he "tere tonu" te whakapuaki i ngā hua. Heoi, he pai anō hoki ngā tautuhinga ā-ringa:
– He rite tonu ake mēnā e mārama ana koe ki ngā āhuatanga o te rama, ā, e hiahia ana koe ki ngā hua ngaio.
– Mā te RAW + manual WB ka nui te wāhi hei whakatika i te mahi whakatika (hei tauira i roto i te Lightroom).
– Ka taea e koe te whakatakoto i te tere kati teitei mō ngā kaupapa e neke ana, te whakarerekē rānei i te ISO hei whakahaere i te haruru.
Mō te hunga tīmata, he pai te Aratau Ruku hei tīmatanga. Kia mōhio koe ki tēnei, ka taea e koe te whakamātau i tētahi huinga: whakamahia te Aratau Ruku mō ngā āhuatanga tere, engari huri ki te ā-ringa ina hiahia koe ki te kounga teitei.
Ngā Tohutohu mō te Whakanui i te Aratau Ruku
Kia tino whai hua ai te Aratau Ruku, kia maumahara ki ēnei mea e whai ake nei:
1. Nekehia te kāmera kia tata atu ki te kaupapa. Ka "kai" te wai i ngā taipitopito me ngā tae i te roanga atu o te tawhiti. Whaia te tawhiti o te 30–100 cm mō ngā kaupapa iti, 1–2 mita rānei mō ngā kaupapa nunui.
2. Rapua te māramatanga o runga ake. Ko te tango whakaahua me te rā i muri i a koe ka puta he hua kanapa ake, he rerekē ake.
3. Kia mau tonu te pumau. Mā ngā nekehanga iti i roto i te wai ka pōuri te tirohanga. Puritia te kāmera ki ngā ringa e rua, whakamahia rānei he paepae/pūmau.
4. Kaua e whana i te paru. Mā ngā nekehanga waewae e whakaoho ana i te onepu ka pōuri te wai, ka whakapōuri hoki i te ahua.
5. Kia tūpato ki te mata o te whare arotahi/tauranga. Ka whakaitihia te koi o te tirohanga e ngā pata wai, te kohu, te paru rānei. Whakamahia he mea ārai-kohu ki te whare mēnā e tika ana.
6. Whakaarohia he tātari whero. Mō ngā kāmera mahi, ka āwhina te tātari whero ki te whakahoki mai i te tae i roto i te wai kikorangi i ētahi hohonutanga; i ētahi wā ka puta he tae taurite ake mā te tātari Aratau Ruku +.
7. Tirohia ngā hua i ia wā. Ki te taea e tō kāmera, tirohia te histogram, te arokite rānei. Ki te kikorangi rawa, whiriwhiria tētahi atu kōwhiringa WB o raro i te wai, whakanuia rānei te utu whakaaturanga.
Ngā Mea hei Mataara
Ehara te Aratau Ruku i te makutu. I ētahi wā ko te hua:
– He whero rawa te āhua i ngā hohonutanga papaku rawa, i roto rānei i ngā puna kaukau.
– Ka nui ake te haruru nā te mea ka whakanuia e te kāmera te ISO hei whai i te māramatanga.
– Ka āhua rerekē te āhua o ngā tae korara ina huri tere te māramatanga.
Nō reira, kia mārama koe he whakarerekētanga aunoa tēnei aratau. Mena ko tāu whāinga he tuhi i tētahi hararei, he pai te tikanga o te whakarerekētanga. Mena kei te whai koe i te kounga tānga, i te kounga putea rānei, ka whai hua koe i te rama tāpiri me te tukanga whakatika.
Te Katinga
Ka aro atu te Aratau Ruku i ngā kāmera matihiko ki ngā wero matua o te whakaahua i raro i te wai: te ngaronga o te tae, te whakaiti i te rerekētanga, me te mārama kore pumau. Mā te arotau i te taurite mā, te tae, te whakaaturanga, me te arotahi, ka māmā ake, ka whakahihiri ake hoki ngā whakaahua ruku wai, ruku rānei, me te iti ake o te raruraru whakarite. Heoi, ko te kounga pai rawa atu kei te tawhiti ki tō kaupapa, te mārama o te wai, te pumau, me ngā kōwhiringa mārama. Whakamahia te Aratau Ruku hei taputapu whai hua mō ngā hua tere, kātahi ka whakawhānui ake i ō āheinga me ngā tautuhinga ā-ringa, ngā rama tāpiri, te whakaahua RAW rānei ina rite koe ki te kawe i ngā mea ki te taumata e whai ake nei.
Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea e au te whakarite i tēnei tuhinga ki ngā momo kāmera motuhake (hei tauira, ngā kāmera mahi, ngā kāmera iti raro i te wai, ngā kāmera kore whakaata me ngā whare, ngā waea atamai rānei) ka tāpirihia rānei he wāhanga "tautuhinga kua tūtohutia" i runga i te hohonutanga me ngā āhuatanga o te wai.
