Me pēhea te haumi ki ngā mākete moni: He aratohu whānui
He rautaki nui te haumi ki ngā mākete moni mō te hunga takitahi e hiahia ana ki te tiaki i te pūtea me te whiwhi hua iti. He iti te mōrearea o tēnei momo haumi, ā, he nui te moni e tukuna ana, he mea pai mō ngā kaipupuri moni matatika, mō te hunga rānei e hiahia ana ki te pupuri moni mō te wā poto. Mena he hou koe ki te haumi, e rapu ana rānei i ngā huarahi haumi haumaru ake, mā tēnei aratohu koe e ārahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga o ngā mākete moni me te pehea ki te haumi whai hua ki roto.
Te Mārama ki ngā Mākete Moni
He aha ngā Mākete Moni?
Kei roto i ngā mākete moni ngā taputapu pūtea me ngā whakawhitiwhitinga e uru ana ki te nama me te tuku moni mō te wā poto, ā, ko te nuinga o te wā he kotahi tau, he iti iho rānei. Mā ēnei mākete ka taea e ngā kāwanatanga, ngā peeke, me ngā umanga te whakahaere tika i ā rātou hiahia putea mō te wā poto. Ko ngā taputapu matua i roto i ngā mākete moni ko ngā pire a te Tahua (T-bills), ngā tiwhikete tāpui (CD), ngā pepa arumoni, me ngā whakaaetanga hoko anō (repo).
He aha ai te haumi ki ngā mākete moni?
– Haumarutanga: Ko ngā taputapu mākete moni he iti te mōrearea i te nuinga o te wā nā te mea he poto ngā wā e pau ana, ā, he teitei ngā whakatauranga nama a ngā kaiwhakaputa.
– Te Pūtea Moni: Ka taea te huri ngāwari i ēnei rawa hei moni tāpui me te iti o te ngaronga uara, ā, he kōwhiringa pai mō ngā putea ohorere, ngā haumitanga poto rānei.
– Te Pūmautanga: Ahakoa kāore e nui ngā hokinga mai, ka whakaratohia e ngā mākete moni he huarahi haumi pumau hei ārai i te pōrearea o te mākete.
Ngā Momo Taputapu Mākete Moni
Ngā Pire Putea (Ngā Pire-T)
Ko ngā pire-T he nama wā poto e tukuna ana e te kāwanatanga, ko te nuinga o te wā ka pau i waenga i ngā rā torutoru ki te kotahi tau. E kiia ana ko tētahi o ngā haumitanga haumaru rawa atu nā te mea e tautokona ana e te whakapono me te whiwhinga katoa o te kāwanatanga e tuku ana.
Tiwhikete Putunga (CD)
He tāpui wā ngā CD e tukuna ana e ngā peeke me ngā wā pumau, mai i ētahi wiki ki ētahi tau. He nui ake ngā hokinga mai i ngā pūkete penapena engari me noho tonu tō moni ki te tāpui mō tētahi wā pumau. Ko te tikanga ka pāngia koe e ngā whiu ina tangohia wawetia.
Pepa Tauhokohoko
Ko ngā pepa arumoni he tuhinga kupu whakaari poto, kāore i te tiakina, i tukuna e ngā kamupene hei whakatutuki i ā rātou hiahia pūtea tonu. I te nuinga o te wā ka hokona ēnei i te utu whakaheke, ā, ka pau i roto i ngā rā 270. Ahakoa he mōrearea ake i ngā T-bills, he nui ake ngā hokinga mai.
Ngā Whakaaetanga Hoko Anō (Repos)
Ko ngā repo he nama wā poto e whakamahia ana e ngā kaihokohoko o ngā hea kāwanatanga. Ka hokona e te kaihokohoko ngā hea ki ngā kaipupuri moni, me te whakaaetanga ki te hoko anō i aua hea i te utu teitei ake i tētahi rā kua whakaritea a muri ake nei. Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te utu hoko me te utu hoko anō e tohu ana i te huamoni kua whiwhihia.
Ngā Hipanga ki te Hāumi ki ngā Mākete Moni
1. Aromatawai i tō Manawanui ki ngā Mōrearea me ngā Whāinga Pūtea
I mua i te ruku ki ngā haumitanga mākete moni, aromatawaihia ō whāinga pūtea me te manawanui ki ngā mōrearea. He iti te mōrearea o ngā mākete moni, engari he iti hoki ngā hokinga mai. He pai tēnei haumitanga mō te hunga e rapu ana i te haumaru me te moni whiwhi, kaua ki ngā hokinga mai nui.
2. Kōwhiria ngā Taputapu Mākete Moni Tika
I runga i ō whāinga, whakatauhia ko ēhea momo taputapu mākete moni e pai ana ki a koe. Hei tauira, ki te mea ko te haumaru te mea nui ki a koe, ko ngā pire a te Tari Putea pea te mea pai rawa atu māu. Ki te taea e koe te aro atu ki te nui ake o te mōrearea mō ngā hokinga mai teitei ake, he pai pea te whakaaro ki te pepa arumoni.
3. Whakatuwheratia he Pūkete Mākete Moni
He maha ngā peeke me ngā uniana nama e tuku ana i ngā pūkete mākete moni (MMA) e whakakotahi ana i ngā āhuatanga o ngā pūkete penapena me ngā pūkete tirotiro. He nui ake ngā reiti huamoni e tukuna ana e rātou i ngā pūkete penapena noa, engari he nui ake pea ngā whakaritenga toenga iti me ngā āheinga tauwhitinga iti.
4. Whakaarohia ngā Pūtea Moni Tahi o te Mākete Moni
Ka kohia e ngā pūtea tahi mākete moni te moni mai i ngā kaipupuri moni maha hei hoko i tētahi putea kanorau o ngā taputapu mākete moni. Ka nui ake te moni e tukuna ana e ēnei pūtea, ā, he maha ngā wā ka taea te uru atu mā roto i ngā pūkete kaihokohoko. He ngaio te whakahaere i ēnei pūtea, ā, he mea whai hua tēnei mō te hunga kāore i te mōhio ki te haumi.
5. Aroturuki i ngā Reiti Huamoni me ngā Āhuatanga o te Mākete
Ka pāngia ngā hokinga mai o te mākete moni e ngā reiti huamoni o nāianei me ngā āhuatanga o te mākete. Kia mataara ki ēnei āhuatanga, nā te mea ka pā pea ēnei ki ngā hokinga mai o ō haumitanga. I ngā wā e piki haere ana ngā reiti huamoni, ka nui ake pea ngā hokinga mai o ngā taputapu mākete moni hou.
6. Whakahouhia tō Pūkete i ia Wā
Ahakoa he pumau te nuinga o ngā haumitanga mākete moni, me noho tonu ēnei hei wāhanga o tētahi putea haumi kanorau. Arotakehia i ia wā, ā, whakatauritea anō tō putea kia rite ai ō haumitanga ki ō whāinga pūtea me te manawanui ki ngā mōrearea.
Nga painga me nga huakore
painga
– Haumarutanga me te Tūmataitinga: He iti noa te mōrearea o ēnei haumitanga nā te mea he nui ngā whakatauranga a ngā kaiwhakaputa me te tautoko a te kāwanatanga.
– Te Pūtea: Mā te ngāwari o te uru atu ki ngā pūtea ka taea e koe te huri tere i ngā haumitanga ki te moni.
– Te Matapae: Ka taea te matapae i ngā hua ka puta mai i ngā taputapu mākete moni, ā, kāore e tino pāngia e ngā piki me ngā heke o te mākete.
huakore
– Ngā Huanga Iti: Ko te āhua matatika o ngā haumitanga mākete moni ka iti ake ngā huanga ki te whakataurite ki ngā hea me ētahi atu haumitanga mōrearea nui.
– Te Mōrearea o te Pikinga Utu: Ko te reiti hokinga tuturu, i muri i te whakarerekētanga ki te pikinga utu, tera pea he iti, he kino rānei i ngā wā e nui ana te pikinga utu.
– Ngā Whakaritenga Pūtea Iti Rawa: Ko ētahi pūkete mākete moni, ko ētahi moni rānei, me whai pūtea haumi iti rawa, ā, ka whakawhāiti i te urunga atu a ngā kaipupuri moni iti.
Nga Whakataunga Taake
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā whiwhinga moni mai i ngā haumitanga mākete moni e ngā taake ā-motu, ā-rohe, me ā-rohe. Heoi anō, ko ētahi taputapu, pērā i ngā T-bills, ka kore pea e pāngia e ngā taake ā-rohe me ā-motu. Kia mōhio ki ngā pānga taake, ā, kōrero ki tētahi kaitohutohu taake kia mōhio ai koe kei te whakahaere tika koe i ō haumitanga i runga i te taake.
Opaniraa
He huarahi pai rawa atu te haumi ki ngā mākete moni hei tiaki i te whakapaipai me te pupuri i te moni whiwhi, me te whiwhi i te hokinga pumau, ahakoa he iti noa iho. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo taputapu e wātea ana, me te whai i tētahi rautaki haumi tupato, ka taea e koe te whakauru pai i ngā haumitanga mākete moni ki roto i tō putea. Kia maumahara, ahakoa kāore pea ngā hokinga mai e rite te teitei ki ētahi atu kōwhiringa haumi, ko te haumaru me te moni whiwhi e whakaratohia ana e ngā mākete moni ka taea te whakarato i te rangimarie o te hinengaro, inā koa i ngā wā ohanga koretake.
